• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.156-162
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• 2008

Purpose: Open fractures of the foot and ankle require prompt repair of the wound due to the complexity of anatomy, insufficiency of soft tissues and inadequate blood supply. Early flaps and skin grafts are used for this purpose yet general condition of the patient as well as local wound environment often precludes such treatment options. Vacuum- Assisted Closure (VAC) is recently being used in such cases. This study was done to validate the use of VAC together with silver antimicrobial dressing materials in contaminated open fracture wounds. Materials and Methods: We have selected 10 patients with Gustillo-Anderson type III open fractures of the foot & ankle treated with VAC and silver antimicrobial dressing materials from March 2007 to January 2008. The relationship between duration of treatment with wound size, contamination, and degree of soft tissue damage was analyzed. Results: The average age of patients was 36.6 years. The average amount of VAC application time was 23.4 days. Silver dressing materials were used for 16.8 days. Average wound healing time was 51.9 days. Statistically significant relationship was found between wound size, VAC application time and silver dressing material application time. No complications such as osteomyelitis were found after treatment. Conclusion: VAC technique is recently being used in open fractures with wide skin and soft tissue defects, producing good results. A wide array of dressing materials such as silver dressing is in development. We have incorporated the VAC technique together with silver dressing materials in the treatment of open fractures and achieved complication free results.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.100-110
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• 2020

Recently, the frequency of typhoon and torrential rain due to climate change is increasing. In addition, the upsurge in the complexity of urban sewer network and impervious surfaces area aggravates the inland flooding damage. In response to these worsening situations, the central and local governments are conducting R&D tasks related to predict and mitigate the flood risk. Researches on the analysis of inundation in urban areas have been implemented through various ways, and the common features were to evaluate the accuracy and justification of the model by comparing the model results with the actual inundation data. However, the evaluation procesure using available urban flooding data are not consistent, and if there are no quantitative urban inundation data, verification has to be performed by using press releases, public complaints, or photos of inundation occurring through 'CCTV'. Because theses materials are not quantitative, there is a problem of low reliability. Therefore, this study intends to develop a comparative analysis procedure on the quantitative degree and applicability of the verifiable inundation data, and a systematic framework for the performance assessment of urban flood analysis model was proposed. This would contribute to the standardization of the evaluation and verification procedure for urban flooding modelling.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.06c
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• pp.369-375
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• 2001

For Optimization technology Was Developed in 1960, the Optimization Technology have grown into a full-featured, robust, highly rated and highly used. And Optimization techniques, having reached a degree of maturity over the past several years, are being used in a wide spectrum of industries, including aerospace, automotive, chemical, electrical, and manufacturing industries. With rapidly advancing computer technology, computers are becoming more powerful, and correspondingly, the size and the complexity of the problems being solved using Optimization techniques are also increasing. But Optimization techniques with analysis solver have many problems. For instance, the difficulties that a particular interface must be coded for each design problem and that the designer should be familiar with the optimization program as well as the analysis program. The purpose of this paper is Optimal Design Framework for Mechanical systems design. This Design Framework has two Optimizers, ADS (local optimizer) and RSM(Response Surface Method), and graphic user interfaces for formulation and optimum design problem and controlling the design process. Current Design Framework tested by two analysis solver, ADAMS and ANSYS. First this paper focused on the core Framework and their conception. In the second of the paper, I cover subjects such as Design Framework Operation. Next, The validity and effectiveness of Design Framework are shown by applying it to many practical design problems and obtaining satisfactory results. Finally, if you are an advanced Operator, you might want to use Response Surface Method, so that cover the result applied by RSM. here.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.33 no.8C
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• pp.583-590
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• 2008

In this paper, we present a spatially adaptive post-processing algorithm for H.264 video coding standard to remove blocking artifacts. The loop filter of H.264 increases computational complexity of the encoder. Furthermore it doesn't clearly remove the blocking artifacts, resulting in over-blurring. For overcoming them, we combine the projection method with the Constraint Least Squares(CLS) method to restore the high quality image. To reflect the Human Visual System, we adopt the weight norm CLS method. Particularly pixel location-based local variance and laplacian operator are newly defined for the CLS method. In addition, the fact that correlation among adjoining pixels is high is utilized to constrain the solution space when the projection method is applied. Quantization Index(QP) of H.264 is also used to control the degree of smoothness. The simulation results show that the proposed post-processing filter works better than the loop filter of H.264 and converges more quickly than the CLS method.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.819-826
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• 2018

The generalized Hamming weight is one of the important parameters of the linear code. It determines the performance of the code when the linear codes are applied to a cryptographic system. In addition, when the block code is decoded by soft decision using the lattice diagram, it becomes a measure for evaluating the state complexity required for the implementation. In particular, a bit-parallel multiplier on finite fields based on trinomials have been studied. Cellular automata(CA) has superior randomness over LFSR due to its ability to update its state simultaneously by local interaction. In this paper, we deal with the efficient synthesis of the pseudo random number generator, which is one of the important factors in the design of effective cryptosystem. We analyze the property of the characteristic polynomial of the simple 90/150 transition rule block, and propose a synthesis algorithm of the reversible 90/150 CA corresponding to the trinomials $x^2^n+x^{2^n-1}+1$($n{\geq}2$) and the 90/150 reversible CA(RCA) corresponding to the maximum weight polynomial with $2^n$ degree by using this rule block.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.121-136
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• 2000

This study reports on a comparison between the Korean diffusion of agricultural innovation or extension service and the cooperative extension service in the United States of America. It focuses on relevant differences between the two systems and provides recommendation for improvement of the Korean system to insure success in important areas related to the diffusion of agricultural innovations. After a comparative study on diffusion of innovations it is clear that: in order to have a productive agriculture that makes effective and efficient use of natural resources and helps achieve sustainability goals, a mechanism that delivers knowledge to agricultural communities must be established and maintained. This mechanism is clearly an agricultural extension service that is cooperatively funded by federal, state and local governments and that insures participation of constituents in the process of establishing priorities and evaluating achievements. The success of US agriculture, the most productive in the world, is to a large degree to the Cooperative Extension Service. Based on the results of this study and the differences of the United States and Korea, the following recommendations should be emphasized for more effective communication for agricultural innovation and rural development in Korea: 1) In order to insure that extension educators are high caliber professional individuals, it is important to establish a system that nationally recognizes these individuals as such, and that provides a professional development path. 2) The results of the decision of transfer of extension educators to local governments has not yielded positive outcomes, especially in terms of professional status. It is clearly demonstrable that valuable professionals are leaving the service, that local governments do not have the will and resources to implement a successful extension program. 3) Because of the critical importance of diffusing innovations to agricultural producers in order to insure and quality and steady food supply, it is of critical importance that these issues be addressed before the extension service is further deteriorated. Given the cement situation, it is clear that the extension service should become nationally supported again in cooperation with local and state governments and that extension professionals be given appropriate rank at the national level, commesurate with their peers in research and teaching. 4) The common current committee practice of lengthy reporting and short discussion needs to be changed to one that results in char, brief and substantive action oriented goals. Joint participation by researchers, extension educators and farmers should be encouraged in planning, implementation and evaluation of communication for agricultural innovations. Roles and functions of committees for institutional cooperation, and or agricultural extension committees should be enlarged. 5) Extension educators should be encouraged to adopt new communication technologies to improve their diffusion of innovations methods. Agricultural institutions and organizations should be encouraged to adopt farmer-first and or client-oriented approach in agricultural extension and diffusion of agricultural technologies. The number, complexity and rapid change of information in agricultural extension require the development of a computer based information and report system to support agricultural extension. 6) To facilitate and expand the further development of communication for agricultural innovation and rural development, agricultural communication programs in universities especially in colleges of agriculture and life sciences. 7) To strengthening the sense of national and social responsibility communication for agricultural innovation and rural development among students in agricultural colleges and universities through participation in learning activities by proactive recruitment. 8) To establish and reinforce a policy that insures participation in communication for agricultural innovation and regal development activities. 9) To improve further development of communication for agricultural innovation and rural development in Korea, more research activities should be encouraged.