• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.450-456
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• 2002

Idiopathic tracheal stenosis is a type of benign stenosis that possesses specific characteristics but is of unknown origin. It is a rare disease characterized by extensive fibrosis of a portion of trachea, and predominantly found in women. The lesion presents as circumferential fibrotic stenosis that usually occurs at upper trachea and the subglottic larynx, but lower trachea may also be involved. Diagnosis is made from the clinical characteristics accompanide by compatible pathologic features and by exclusion of other etiologies. Conservative management such as laser resection, dilatation and stent insertion can be tried initially, but surgical resection is recommended for definitive treatment due to frequent restenosis and maintenance problems of conservative approach. We report a case of idiopathic tracheal stenosis treated with tracheal resection and anastomosis followed by insertion of a retrievable stent for immediate relief of airway obstruction.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.344-351
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• 2016

Background Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by xerosis, ultraviolet light sensitivity, and cutaneous dyspigmentation. Due to defects in their DNA repair mechanism, genetic mutations and carcinogenesis inevitably occurs in almost all patients. In these patients, reconstruction of cutaneous malignancies in the head and neck area is associated with some challenges such as likelihood of recurrence and an aggressive clinical course. The aim of this study is to discuss the therapeutic options and challenges commonly seen during the course of treatment. Methods Between 2005 and 2015, 11 XP patients with head and neck cutaneous malignancies were included in this study. Demographic data and treatment options of the patients were evaluated. Results The mean age of the patients was 32 years (range, 10-43) (4 males, 7 females). The most common tumor type and location were squamous cell carcinoma (6 patients) and the orbital region (4 patients), respectively. Free tissue transfer was the most commonly performed surgical intervention (4 patients). The average number of surgical procedures was 5.5 (range, 1-25). Six patients were siblings with each other, 5 patients had local recurrences, and one patient was lost to follow-up. Conclusions Although genetic components of the disease have been elucidated, there is no definitive treatment algorithm. Early surgical intervention and close follow-up are the gold standard modalities due to the tendency toward rapid tumor growth and possible recurrence. Treatment must be individualized for each patient. In addition, the psychological aspect of the disease is an important issue for both patients and families.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.241-250
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• 2020

In this study, the methodology of the springback prediction of automotive parts applied 3rd generation AHSS was investigated using the response surface model analysis based on a regression model, and the meta model analysis based on a Kriging model. To design the learning data set for constructing the springback prediction models, and the experimental design was conducted at three levels for each processing variable using the definitive screening designs method. The hat-shaped member, which is the basic shape of the member parts, was selected and the springback values were measured for each processing type and processing variable using the finite element analysis. When the nonlinearity of the variables is small during the hat-shaped member forming, the response surface model and the meta model can provide the same processing parameter. However, the accuracy of the springback prediction of the meta model is better than the response surface model. Even in the case of the simple shape parts forming, the springback prediction accuracy of the meta model is better than that of the response surface model, when more variables are considered and the nonlinearity effect of the variables is large. The efficient global optimization algorithm-based Kriging is appropriate in resolving the high computational complexity optimization problems such as developing automotive parts.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.39 no.10 s.267
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• pp.791-794
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• 2006

Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome is a rare disorder and lead to claudication and disturbance of blood flow from the results of an abnormal relationship of the popliteal artery to the gastrocnemius muscle, a fibrous band or the popliteus muscle in a young male population. The specific diagnosis is difficult, In most cases, surgical treatment provides a definitive diagnosis of the lesion and is necessary for the patient's recovery. A 34-years-old male was admitted complaining of claudication and pain on left leg. Ankle-brachial index, vascular sonography, CT-angiogram and MRI revealed an occlusion of proximal popliteal artery of left leg. The patient was confirmed as a popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (type IV) that the popliteal artery was entrapped by a fibrous band around the popliteus muscle in the operative fold. Completely occluded fibrotic popliteal artery was removed, and interposition with ipsilateral greater saphenous vein graft was done. After surgery, symptoms of the patient have improved.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.115-132
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• 2002

This study is an examination of knowledge-based society's impact on knowledge, it's functions, and it's types in fields of humanities an social sciences. Knowledge-based society does not invalidate the definitive mechanism underpinning social coexistence today, but the importance of knowledge will increase greatly whereas the importance of the productive resources labor and capital will diminish. Therefore, knowledge-based society demands that we enter at this time into a discussion that takes new approaches to the knowledge. This study provides a doorway to a discussion of topics such as : Anticipating and characterizing the knowledge-based society, spectrum of fields of new types of knowledge for which typical differences can be ascertained, the interlinking of various disciplines in the respective field of knowledge, the new roles and types of knowledge in the fields of humanities and social sciences.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.463-475
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• 2015

The standard treatment of locally advanced type of mid-esophageal cancer is concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CRT). We evaluated the feasibility of chemotherapy with adding docetaxel to the classical basic regimens of cisplatin plus 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and radiotherapy up to 70.2 Gy using dose escalations for esophageal cancer. It was possible to escalate radiation treatment dose up to 70.2 Gy by the respiratory-gated intensity-modulated radiotherapy (gated-IMRT) based on the 4DCT-simulation, with improving target coverage and normal tissue (ex., lung, heart, and spinal cord) sparing. This study suggested that the definitive chemo-radiotherapy with docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil (i.e., DCF-R) and gating IMRT is tolerable and active in patients with locally advanced mid-esophageal cancer (AEC).

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.65-73
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• 1995

Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SNHL) is defined as a sensorineural hearing loss which develops over a period of hours or few days without a definitive causes. The etiology, prognosis, and treatment of SNHL are uncertain. We reviewed records of 76 patients to investigate the efficacy of the stellate ganglion block(SGB)in SNHL. The control group(40 patients) was managed with the medication such as hypaque, heparin, steroid, nicotinic acid, and vitamine. The SGB group(27 patients) was managed with the same medication and SGB (1~2 times/day). The efficacy of treatment was evaluated by mean dB of 500, 1000, 2000 Hz on follow up pure tone audiogram. Recovery rate above 15dB was not different between SGB and the control group (52.4 v.s. 52.0%), though SGB group has much poor prognostic factors. Recovery rate was higher in a case that was treated early. Especially, the recovery rate was 100% when SGB begins within 2 weeks from the onset. Headache and profound type of audiogram were poor prognostic factors. In conclusion, SGB within 2 weeks from the onset is recommanded to improve the recovery rate.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.154-163
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• 2021

Purpose: In children overlap of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and primary sclerosing cholangitis is labelled as autoimmune sclerosing cholangitis (ASC). The only prospective pediatric study showed a high prevalence of ASC by using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Aims of our study were to find the prevalence of ASC by using magnetic resonance cholangiography (MRC) in AIH and in non-AIH cirrhosis and to compare clinical presentation and outcome of AIH and ASC. Methods: Prospectively we did MRC in 38 children with AIH (cases) and 19 disease controls (Wilson disease). Multiple biliary strictures with proximal dilatation on MRC were taken as definitive changes of ASC. Detail clinical, laboratory parameters, liver histopathology and treatment outcome were recorded. Results: The median age of cases was 11.5 (3-18) years, 22 (57.9%) were girls and 28 (73.7%) were diagnosed as type 1 AIH. MRC was done in 11 children (28.9%) at the time of diagnosis and in 27 (71.1%) after a median follow-up of 2.5 (0.3-10) years. Abnormal MRC changes were seen in 14/38 (36.8%) of AIH and 8/19 (42.1%) of controls. However, definite changes of ASC were present in four (10.5%) children in AIH and none in controls. None of the clinical, laboratory, histological parameters and treatment response were significantly different between ASC and AIH groups. Conclusion: The prevalence of ASC in children with AIH was just 10.5%. We suggest MRC in select group with cholestatic features, inflammatory bowel disease and in those who showed poor response to immunosuppression instead of all children with AIH.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.98-104
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• 2021

Purpose: Severe pelvic fractures are associated with genitourinary injuries, but the relationship between pelvic trauma and concomitant urethral injuries has yet to be elucidated. This study evaluated the incidence, mechanism, site, and extent of urethral injuries in male patients with pelvic fractures. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed involving patients with urethral injuries accompanying pelvic fractures who visited Pusan National University Hospital from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2019. Demographics, mechanisms of injury, clinical features of the urethral injuries, concomitant bladder injuries, methods of management, and the configuration of the pelvic fractures were analyzed. Results: The final study population included 24 patients. The overall incidence of urethral injury with pelvic fracture was 2.6%, with the most common mechanism of urethral injury being traffic accidents (62.5%). Complete urethral disruption (16/24, 66.7%) was more common than partial urethral injuries (8/24, 33.3%), and unstable pelvic fractures were the most common type of pelvic fracture observed (70.8%). There was no definitive relationship between the extent of urethral injury and pelvic ring stability. Conclusions: The present study provides a 6-year retrospective review characterizing the incidence, mechanism, and clinical features of urethral injury-associated pelvic fractures. This study suggests that the possibility of urethral injury must be considered, especially in unstable pelvic fracture patients, and that treatment should be chosen based on the clinical findings.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.308-313
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• 2023

A 1-year-old castrated male Korean Shorthair cat presented with dyspnea, anorexia, lethargy, and seizures. Physical examination revealed salivation, right forelimb hemiparesis, and rapid breathing. No abnormalities were detected on auscultation. Laboratory findings revealed increased levels of bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), globulin, glucose, and a decreased albumin-to-globulin (A:G) ratio. Both N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and feline serum amyloid A (fSAA) levels were significantly elevated. Thoracic radiography revealed mild cardiomegaly and diffuse increased interstitial infiltration with soft tissue opacity in the periphery of the right caudal pleural space. Echocardiography and lung ultrasonography were performed to investigate the cause of mild cardiomegaly and soft tissue opacity in the pleural space. Echocardiography revealed a mild amount of echogenic pericardial effusion, and lung ultrasonography showed an echogenic soft tissue mass with no blood signal in the right caudal pleural space, suggestive of a granulomatous lesion. After obtaining 5 mL of pericardial fluid through pericardiocentesis, cytology of the pericardial effusion sample revealed marked neutrophils and macrophages with no bacteria. IDEXX feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) virus real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) confirmed the presence of the FIP virus biotype in the sample. This case presents a rarely reported atypical mixed form of FIP in a cat diagnosed ante-mortem using pericardial effusion analysis. In this case, ultrasound examination played a crucial role in the definitive diagnosis of FIP by PCR biotyping through pericardiocentesis. Ultrasonography can be highly beneficial in guiding the diagnosis and evaluation of cats with suspected FIP.