• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.1837-1840
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• 2006

Because there are no unified nomenclature systems for either GES-type or IBC-type extended-spectrum ${\beta}-lactamases$ (ESBLs), we propose a unified and definitive nomenclature system for GES/IBC-type ESBLs. This proposed nomenclature update is greatly helpful in two points: (i) it would not confuse microbiologists studying GES-type ESBLs, fundamentally preventing misleading nomenclature of these antibiotic resistance genes, and (ii) the definitive renaming of GES/IBC-type ESBLs can help some researchers to correctly designate new GES-type ESBLs such as novel enzymes identified trom some nationwide surveys.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.427-435
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• 2017

The most important factor in the treatment of fully edentulous patients using implants is the shape of the definitive prosthesis. After the shape of the definitive prosthesis is determined, residual bone analysis and selection of the implant type, number and position should be followed. In this case, for restoration of an edentulous patient fully implanted (except the maxillary right lateral incisor) without considering definitive prosthesis, facial esthetics and possibility of fixed type prosthesis were evaluated using complete denture. It was determined that the fixed type prosthesis was possible. Implants that could not be used for the definitive prosthesis were excluded from the treatment plan and fixed type provisional restorations were fabricated. After four months of provisional restorations, the patient showed stable occlusion and esthetic satisfaction. Definitive prosthesis was made of zirconia using CAD/CAM (computer aided design and computer aided manufacturing). The results were satisfactory during the 3 months of follow-up period after termination of treatment.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.348-356
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• 1989

Seventeen patients of pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum were underwent operation during 4.8years period from Jan. 1983 to Aug. 1988 at Seoul National university Hospital. The patients were composed of 8 males and 9 females, aging 1day to 2.5 years [mean 88 days]. We classified pulmonary atresia according to right ventricular morphology; those with tripartite ventricles in 12, those with no trabecular portion to the cavity in 0, and those with inlet portion only in 5. The tripartite approach to right ventricular morphology is helpful in selecting the type of initial palliative procedures. Palliative procedures were as follows; pulmonary valvotomy in 5 with 3 early survivors, mod B-T shunt in 4 with 3 early survivors, and palliative right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction in 4 with 1 early survivor. Effective preliminary palliation of pulmonary atresia are pulmonary valvotomy or palliative right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction in those with tripartite right ventricle, and modified Blalock-Taussig shunt in those with no infundibular portion. The approach to definitive repair is based primarily on the actual size of the tricuspid annulus and the right ventricular cavity. Definitive repair was as follows: definitive right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction in 4 with all survivors and mod. Fontan operation in 2 with one survivors. Right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction can be done as complete repair for patients who had adequate tricuspid annulus and right ventricular cavitary size and mod. Fontan operation for patients who severely hypoplastic tricuspid valve annulus or small right ventricular cavity.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.139-145
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• 2016

Purpose: The major pelvic trauma results in high mortality with associated fatal other injuries. During early stage of resuscitation, multidisciplinary approach is essential to improve the survival and outcomes. This study aims to report the effect and positive outcome of the trauma team approach on the management of hemodynamically unstable pelvic bone fracture. Methods: This retrospective review included all patients with hemodynamically unstable pelvic bone fracture admitted between March 2007 and December 2015. Patients were divided into group A, which comprised those admitted before the trauma team approach was started, and group B, which comprised those admitted after the approach was started. The advanced trauma life support protocol was followed for all patient. The comparisons between the two groups were based on medical records. Study variables included demographics, initial vital sign, injury severity score, fracture type, and injury mechanism. We analyzed the outcomes in each group with respect to the time interval for doctors' arrival, total length of stay in the emergency department (ED), time interval for computed tomography evaluation, 24-hour mortality, time interval for definitive fixation, and definitive fixation in the time-window of opportunity. Results: Fifty-three patients met the inclusion criteria. No statistically significant differences in demographic data existed between the two groups. The time interval for doctors' arrival (min, $63.09{\pm}50.48$ vs $21.48{\pm}17.75$; p=0.038) and total length of stay in the ED (min, $269.33{\pm}105.96$ vs $115.49{\pm}56.24$; p=0.023) were significantly improved. The 24-hour mortality was not significantly different between the two groups.(%, 14.3 vs 12.0; p=1.000) However, the time interval for definitive fixation and definitive fixation in the time-window of opportunity showed better results. Conclusion: The trauma team approach has positive effects, which include initial resuscitation through multidisciplinary approach and shortening the time interval to definitive fixation, on the management of hemodynamically unstable pelvic bone fracture.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.72-81
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• 2017

Regardless of the type of impression being made, the tray is the most important part of the impression-making procedure for completely edentulous patients. Dentists have to make use of a combination of rigid, thermoplastic, and resilient materials and control step-by-step procedure from irreversible hydrocolloid impression to definitive cast fabrication. For successful edentulous impression, some considerable clinical tips were guided.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.781-786
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• 2016

All measurements are subject to uncertainty and a measurement result is complete only when it is accompanied by a statement of the associated uncertainty. By international agreement, this uncertainty has a probabilistic basis and reflects incomplete knowledge of the quantity value. The "Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement", commonly known as the GUM, is the definitive document on this subject. The requirements for estimation of measurement uncertainty apply to all results provided by calibration laboratories and results produced by testing laboratories under the optional circumstances. In this paper, a procedure for estimation of measurement uncertainty from vibration testing is proposed on KS F 2868:2003 as an example. Both Type A and Type B evaluation of uncertainty are considered to calculate the combined standard uncertainty and expanded uncertainty.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.58-60
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• 2010

Presurgical prosthetic treatment planning is critical for the success of the implant prosthesis. Inadequate treatment plan, due to insufficient discussion between prosthodontist, and surgeon, may result in poor prognosis. A 26-year-old male patient was referred for prosthodontic treatment after implant was placed in the area of teeth #17,16, 22, 25 and 27, without adequate discussion nor the treatment planning between oral surgeon and prosthodontist. It was found that the patient had two hopeless teeth, and a severely resorbed alveolar ridge. Additional tooth extraction was needed and the type of definitive prosthesis was shifted from fixed type to removable one. Proper pre-surgical treatment planning is essential for the good prognosis. Implant-supported removable prosthesis on milled bars may be a useful treatment option in patients with incorrect angled placement on severely resorbed alveolar ridge.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.131-138
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• 2022

Other than gunshot injuries, sacral penetrating injuries with a foreign body exiting to the other side are extremely rare. We encountered a case of sacral injury in which a long metallic pipe penetrated from the anus into the lower back of a patient. Since the pelvis contains various organs, management of a penetrating injury requires multidisciplinary treatment involving several medical specialties. Due to the infrequency of this type of injury, there are no definitive guidelines for effective management. We described our experience surgically treating a sacral penetrating injury and conducted a literature review. On this basis, we suggest a surgical strategy for treating this type of injury.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.61-76
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• 2009

At the present study, it was aimed to explore the molecular genetic characterization of multiple antimicrobial resistant Salmonella spp. isolates from pigs and cattle. A total of 138 Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) isolates were typed with phage, among them, 83.3% of S. Typhimurium tested could divide into a 10 phage types. Definitive type 193 (DT193) (25.4%) and DT195 (24.6%) were exhibited as the dominant types. DT104 and U302 were found from pigs and cattle. On the other hand, S. Enteritidis had 6 phage types, of them, phage type 21 (PT21) and PT11b were the popular types. In the plasmid profiles, 135 of S. Typhimurium isolates were exhibited 1 to 6 plasmid bands which molecular weight ranged from 90 to 2kb. 35 isolates (25.4%) harbored a 90kb plasmid which is thought to be the serotype specific virulence plasmid. Two of twenty five S. Enteritidis had common plasmids at 2 and 1.5kb. With multiplex polymerase chain reaction, virulence genes (invA and spvC) were detected from all Salmonella spp. from 167 of S. Typhimurium, S. Enteritidis and chloramphenicol resistant S. Schwarzengrund, but some drug resistant genes, such as PSE-1, cml/tetR and flo were not determined but other drug resistant genes, for example TEM and int were found. The detection rates of spvC, TEM and int gene was 35.3%, 29.3% and 72.5%, respectively. The TEM gene was highly popular in S. Typhimurium, which was detected from ampicillin and amoxicillin resistant strains as 95.9%. int gene was able to detect from all the isolates identified as multidrug resistsnt (MDR), particularly DT193 was thought as the most prevalent virulence and multidrug resistance isolate. The major plasmid profile and drug resistance pattern of DT193 were 90, 40, 10.5, 6.3, 3.0kb and ACCbDNaPSSuT, respectively. MDR was commonly found in other phage types, particularly DT104, U302 and DT203.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.12-20
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• 2008

From 1979 to 2006, fifty eight patients with esophageal atresia were treated by one pediatric surgeon at Hanyang University Hospital. We analyzed the clinical findings and outcome of these 58 patients. There were 30 males and 28 females. Their mean birth weight was $2,960{\pm}400g$ (1,170~4,020 g). The most common type of anomaly was Gross type C (49 patients; 84.5 %). There was no type B. Fifty-two patients underwent definitive surgery. Postoperative complications were as follows: anastomotic leakage in 17 patients (32.7 %), anastomotic site stricture in 15 (28.8 %), gastroesophageal reflux in 10 (19.2 %) and recurrent TEF in 1 (1.9 %). A total of 152 associated anomalies were detected from 48 patients (82.2 %). The cardiovascular system was the most commonly affected (30 patients with 46 anomalies). The VACTERL association was present in 14 patients (24.1 %). Operative mortality was 17.3 % including self-discharge patients after operation.