• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2002.06a
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• pp.178-183
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• 2002

In this paper, the capacitive sensor which can detect the continuous position of liquid is proposed. The proposed sensor make up copper rod's defect which are oxidized in liquid and float switch's defect which are tired of continuous movements. This sensor make use of what capacitance is varying due to quantity and kind of dielectric in the plane gap. The operating principle of the sensor and the amplifying methode of detecting signal and the methode of apply in computer control system are presented in this paper.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.107-113
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• 2020

PURPOSE. The aim of this study was to examine the importance of the defect-free scanning of a scan body by assessing the accuracy of virtual implant positioning in computer-aided design (CAD) software when the scan body image is improperly scanned. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A scan body was digitized in a dentiform model using an intraoral scanner, and scanned images with differing levels of image deficiency were generated: 5%, 10%, and 15% deficiency in the flat or rounded area. Using a best-fit image matching algorithm on each of the deficient scan body images, corresponding virtual implants were created. The accuracy of the implant position was evaluated by comparing the linear and angular discrepancies between the actual and virtual positions of the implant. Kruskal-Wallis tests and Mann-Whitney U tests with Bonferroni correction were used to determine the statistical differences among the seven scanned image deficiency groups (α=.05). RESULTS. In general, the linear and angular discrepancies of the implant position in the software increased as the deficiency of the scan body images increased. A 15% scan body image deficiency generated larger discrepancies than deficiency of 5% and 10%. The difference of scan defect position, flat or rounded area, did not affect the accuracy of virtual implant orientation at 5% and 10% deficiency level, but did affect the accuracy at 15% deficiency level. CONCLUSION. Deficiencies in the scanned images of a scan body can decrease the accuracy of the implant positioning in CAD software when the defect is large, thus leading to the incorrect fabrication of implant prostheses.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.82-86
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• 2008

Purpose: Soft tissue defect can occur on the posterior aspect of the elbow after trauma or fracture fixation. To cover the defect and maintain elbow functions, various flap surgeries including latissimus dorsi muscle flap, lateral arm flap and radial forearm flap can be performed. We present the clinical results of transposition lateral arm flap for coverage of the elbow defect and discuss the cause of posterior soft tissue necrosis after fracture fixation. Materials and Methods: Two patients who had posterior soft tissue defect of the elbow after open reduction of the fractures around the elbow were treated with transposition lateral arm flap. The mean size of skin defect was 20 $cm^2$. The flap was elevated with posterior radial collateral artery pedicle and transposed to the defect area. Donor defect was covered with split thickness skin graft. The elbow was immobilized for 1 week in extended position and active range of motion was permitted. Results: All two cases of transposition lateral arm flap survived without marginal necrosis. The average range of motion of the elbow was 10~115 degrees. Mayo elbow performance score was 72 and Korean DASH score was 23. Conclusion: When elbow fractures are fixed with three simultaneous plates and screws, skin necrosis can occur on the posterior aspect of the elbow around olecranon area. If the size of skin defect is relatively small, transposition lateral arm flap is very useful option for orthopaedic surgeons without microsurgical technique.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.350-355
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• 2005

There are various surgical methods for reconstruction of the nasal defect. Among them, there is some difference in the choosing the proper reconstruction method according to defect size and position. When the defect involved the tip, the columella, and the alar, the local flaps may be preferred, because they can provide sufficient amount of tissue. However, the composite grafts from the ear have been effectively used in reconstructions of smaller sized defects of the columella and ala. We excised total external nose because of squamous cell carcinoma on the nasal tip, columella, and nasal septum. We reconstructed the nasal tip, both alae, and columella with forehead flap. After division of the regional flap, we found partial necrosis of the columella and narrowness of the nostril. So, we used chondrocutaneous auricular composite grafts for reconstruction of the columella and both nostrils. We used the file-folder designed auricular composite graft for reconstruction of columella and the wedge shaped ear helical composite grafts for widening of nostrils. 6 months later, there were no significant problems, except some mismatched dark color in the grafted alar tissues. Here, we report a successful reconstruction of large nasal defect using combined two different reconstructive methods.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.62 no.9
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• pp.1297-1301
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• 2013

This paper analyzes of PD occurrence position through an analysis of the arrival time difference between the GIS partial discharge signal. Because of GIS (Gas Insulated Switchgear) is a facility very important power equipment and as part of the equipment that make up the power system, the stabilization of the power industry, which accounted for 88.5% share of GIS substation in the form of a substation is an important equipment for power supply. In the situation where we are gradually expanding the need for preventive diagnosis in order to improve the efficiency of equipment management and failure prevention for Preventive diagnosis. In this paper as a method for extracting pre-defect of failure of GIS Apply the average value method of calculating the 5 times each using a pulse of the first time of the second pulse (${\Delta}t$) with an oscilloscope generation position PD(Partial Discharge). the results of GIS internal inspection, the partial discharge of the actual the position of the partial discharge was confirmed with an accuracy of about 82% of positions. Arrival time difference in the most effective manner if the partial discharge of GIS internal occurs by applying the averaging method and TOA(Time of arrival) method, the partial discharge occurs you through the measurement and analysis of PD signal occurs was confirmed in the experiment are presented and diagnostic methods location tracking.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.183-188
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• 2005

Defect on the temporal area caused by, surgical ablation of a tumor or an infection should be reconstructed immediately to prevent potentially life-threatening complications such as meningitis and cerebrospinal fluid leakage. The defect on the temporal area usually presents as a typical 'cone-shape'. Successful reconstruction requires sufficient volume of well-vascularized soft tissue to cover the exposed bone and dura. From 1994 through 2003, the authors applied rectus abdominis free flap for the reconstruction of the temporal defect from 1994 through 2003. There were 10 patients with a mean age of 52.1 years. Of these 10 patients, external auditory canal cancer was present in four patients, temporal bone cancer in two, parotid gland cancer in one and three patients were reconstructed after debridement of infection(destructive chronic otitis media). All the free flaps survived, and flap-related complications did not occur. Compared to a local flap, the rectus abdominis free flap can provide sufficient volume of well-vascularized tissue to cover the large defect and can be well-tolerated during an adjuvant radiation therapy. The long and flat muscle can be easily molded to fit in to the 'cone-shape' temporal defect without dead space. It is also preferred because of the low donor site morbidity, a large skin island and an excellent vascular pedicle. Two-team approach without position change is possible. In conclusion, the authors think that rectus abdominis free flap should be considered as one of the most useful method for the reconstruction of a cone-shaped temporal defect.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.16-27
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• 2009

Recently construction companies expand position for apartment house in construction market because of house supply rate increase and its amount. In addition, because the focus of house sale market has moved to customer from supplier, the importance of defect management is being issued currently. However, current apartment defect management is not satisfied with customer's demand for the lack of business process management, management organization, information feedback, and readiness for defect in construction phase. To solve this problem, this study proposed business process management improvement model for defect management. Proposed improvement model make information feedback, defect management business quality improvement, and improper process improvement through integrating defect management and quality management. It is expected to contribute to customer's satisfaction improvement and reliance improvement for construction companies.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2004.11c
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• pp.583-585
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• 2004

In this paper we will deal with a calibration method for low cost motion capture system using psd(position sensitive detection) optical sensor. To measure the incident direction of the light from LED emitted marker, the PSD is used the output current ratio on the electrode of PSD is proportional with the incident position of the light focused by lens. In order to defect the direction of the light, the current output is converted into digital voltage value by opamp circuits peak detector and AD converter with the digital value the incident position is measured. Unfortunately, due to the non-linearly problem of the circuit poor position accuracy is shown. To overcome such problems, we compensated the non-linearly by using least-square fitting method. After compensated the non-linearly in the circuit, the system showed more enhanced position accuracy.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.427-432
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to estimate muscle defect by ultrasonography in the patients with secondary deformities of the lip. We investigated the association between the muscle defect in the repaired cleft lip and the philtral appearance not only at resting state but also maximal puckering. Methods: From December 2006 to November 2007, 52 children were evaluated after primary or secondary cheiloplasty. Digital photographs were taken both from the front and both three quarter views in repose and at maximal pucker. Video clips were also taken in repose and at maximal pucker. A panel of four, scored the philtral ridge and dimple seen on these photographs and videos by using two visual analog scales. Eminence of the philtral ridge was scored by a 5 point grading scale, from "conspicuous groove" to "normal philtral ridge" and the philtral dimple was scored by 3 point grading scale, from "no dimple" to "prominent dimple". Ultrasound images of the upper lip were made using a linear array transducer at the resting position of the lip and evaluated by a single radiologist. Results: The philtral ridge eminence scored $2.79{\pm}0.54$ and $1.40{\pm}0.53$ at resting and maximal pucker, correlating with "flat" and "conspicous groove". The philtral dimpling scored $1.44{\pm}0.53$ and $2.27{\pm}0.66$ at resting and maximal pucker, correlating with "no dimple" and "slight dimple". Ultrasound imaging showed the average muscle dehiscence to be $3.78{\pm}2.14$ mm at resting position. Correlation between the muscle defect in ultrasound imaging and philtral ridge eminence at rest was statistically significant (p<0.050), but was not significant (p=0.756) at maximal pucker using Spearman's rank correlation. Correlation between the muscle defect in ultrasound imaging and philtral dimpling was not statistically significant both at rest (p=0.920) and at maximal pucker (p=0.815) using Spearman's rank correlation. Conclusion: Quantitative assessment of the muscle defect using ultrasonography correlates with the static philtral appearance, but does not correlate with the dynamic appearance. Also, the size of the muscle defect does not show any correlation with the philtral dimpling. Our findings reveal that ultrasound imaging partially reflect static appearance of philtrum but cannot reflect dynamic appearance and suggest the need for further research to evaluate dynamic appearance.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.56 no.5
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• pp.876-883
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• 2007

The magnetic flux leakage(MFL) type nondestructive testing(NDT) method is widely used to detect corrosion, defects and mechanical deformation of the underground gas pipelines. The object pipeline is magnetically saturated by the magnetic system with permanent magnet and yokes. Hall sensors detect the leakage fields in the region of the defect. The defects are sometimes occurred in group. The accuracy of the detecting signals in this defect cluster become lowered because of the complexity of the defect cluster. In this paper, the effects of the multi -defects are analyzed. The detecting signals are computed by 3-dimensional finite element method and compared with real measurement. The results say that, rather than the size of the defects, the effects of the relative position of the multi-defects are very important on the detecting signals.