• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.184-191
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• 2020

With the emergence of the 4th Industrial Revolution, core technologies that will lead the 4th Industrial Revolution such as AI (artificial intelligence), big data, and Internet of Things (IOT) are also at the center of the topic of the general public. In particular, there is a growing trend of attempts to present future visions by discovering new models by using them for big data analysis based on data collected in a specific field, and inferring and predicting new values with the models. In order to obtain the reliability and sophistication of statistics as a result of big data analysis, it is necessary to analyze the meaning of each variable, the correlation between the variables, and multicollinearity. If the data is classified differently from the hypothesis test from the beginning, even if the analysis is performed well, unreliable results will be obtained. In other words, prior to big data analysis, it is necessary to ensure that data is well classified according to the purpose of analysis. Therefore, in this study, data is classified using a decision tree technique and a random forest technique among classification analysis, which is a machine learning technique that implements AI technology. And by evaluating the degree of classification of the data, we try to find a way to improve the classification and analysis rate of the data.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.369-378
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• 1999

In This study we examine the applicability of Newton's method and the modified Newton's method for a, pp.oximating a lo-cally unique solution of a nonlinear equation in a Banach space. We assume that the newton-Kantorovich hypothesis for Newton's method is violated but the corresponding condition for the modified Newton method holds. Under these conditions there is no guaran-tee that Newton's method starting from the same initial guess as the modified Newton's method converges. Hence it seems that we must always use the modified Newton method under these condi-tions. However we provide a numerical example to demonstrate that in practice this may not be a good decision.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제59권4호
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• pp.739-759
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• 2016

The failure of civil engineering systems is a consequence of decision making under uncertain conditions. Generally, buried flexible pipes are designed for their transversal behavior to prevent from the important failure mode of buckling. However, the interaction effects between soil and pipe are neglected and the uncertainties in their properties are usually not considered in pipe design. In this regard, the present research paper evaluates the effects of these uncertainties on the uncertainty of the critical buckling hoop force of flexible pipes shallowly buried using the subgrade reaction theory (Winkler model) and First-Order Second-Moment (FOSM) method. The results show that the structural uncertainties of the studied pipes and those of the soil properties have a significant effect on the uncertainty of the critical buckling hoop force, and therefore taking into account these latter in the design of the shallowly flexible pipes for their buckling behavior is required.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제57권6호
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• pp.1125-1142
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• 2016

Tunneling is one of the challenging tasks in civil engineering because it involves a variety of decision making and engineering judgment based on knowledge and experience. One of the challenges is to construct tunnels in risky areas under shallow overburden. In order to prevent the collapse of ceilings and walls of a large tunnels, in such conditions, either a sequential excavation method (SEM) or ground reinforcing method, or a combination of both, can be utilized. This research deals with the numerical modeling of L-profiles and pipe fore-poling pre-support systems in the adit tunnel in northwestern Iran. The first part of the adit tunnel has been drilled in alluvial material with very weak geotechnical parameters. Despite applying an SEM in constructing this tunnel, analyzing the results of numerical modeling done using FLAC3D, as well as observations during drilling, indicate the tunnel instability. To improve operational safety and to prevent collapse, pre-support systems, including pipe fore-poling and L-profiles were designed and implemented. The results of the numerical modeling coupled with monitoring during operation, as well as the results of instrumentation, indicate the efficacy of both these methods in tunnel collapse prevention. Moreover, the results of modeling using FLAC3D and SECTION BUILDER suggest a double angle with equal legs ($2L100{\times}100{\times}10mm$) in both box profile and tee array as an alternative section to pipe fore-poling system while neither $L80{\times}80{\times}8mm$ nor $2L80{\times}80{\times}8mm$ can sustain the axial and shear stresses exerted on pipe fore-poling system.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.129-136
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• 1996

영향도를 이용하여 영광 3, 4호기의 격납용기 성능해석을 수행하였다. 기존의 사상수목기법을 응용한 격납용기 성능해석은 사건들 사이의 의존 관계를 명확히 나타내기 어렵고, 사고진행사상수목(APET) 에서 알 수 있듯이, 격납용기와 같은 복잡한 계통에 적용할 경우 그 의존 관계를 그림으로조차 나타낼 수가 없으며, 또한, 의사결정문제를 다루는 데에도 많은 한계점을 지니고 있다. 이러한 문제점들을 해결하기 위하여 새로이 개발된 방법론인 영향도를 영광 3, 4호기 격납용기 성능해석과 사고관리방안을 평가하는 데에 적용하여 보았다. 본 연구에서 얻은 계산 결과와 기존의 사상수목 기법을 이용하여 계산한 결과와 비교한 결과, 거의 일치하는 계산 결과를 얻을 수 있으면서도 전체 격납용기 계통을 한 눈에 알기 쉽게 그림으로 나타낼 수 있었다. 또한, 향도가 의사결정문제를 일반적으로 다룰 수 있음을 보이기 위하여 본 방법론을 사고관리방안을 평가하는 데에 이용하여, 원자로 냉각계통 감압과 원자로공동 범람 방안, 두 가지 사고관리방안을 평가하여 보았다. 모두 초기 격납용기 파손에는 나쁜 영향을 주는 것으로 나 타났으나, 후기 격납용기 파손이나 중기발생기 세관파손에는 원자로공동범람과 일차계통 감압이 각각 어느 정도 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통하여, 영향도를 이용한 격납응기 성능 해석은 사상수목기법을 이용한 분석에 비해, 진행되는 사건들 사이의 의존관계를 보다 명확히 나타낼 수 있고, 또한 영향도는 운전자의 의사결정을 잘 나타낼 수 있으므로 사고관리기법을 평가하는 데에도 쉽게 적용할 수 있음을 알 수 있다. 결론적으로, 본 연구에서는 영향도가 사상수목기법이 지니고 있는 여러 한계점들을 쉽게 극복하며 격납용기 성능해석에 적용할 수 있음을 보였다.