• Title/Summary/Keyword: Decentralization

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Analysis of the Effect of Economic Growth of China's Fiscal Decentralization (재정분권화가 중국 경제성장에 미친 영향 분석)

  • Choi, Won Ick
    • International Area Studies Review
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    • v.14 no.3
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    • pp.157-177
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    • 2010
  • This study analyzes the effect of fiscal decentralization on economic growth by using each province city's panel data of China from 1985 to 2008. By using Recently developed fiscal decentralization index and autonomy of local government quantified this study finds the following conclusions. The increase of inflation rate affects positive effect on Chinese economy. This is the trade-off relationship with the growth of Chinese economy by the Phillips Curve theory. So this suggests the instability of Chinese economy. The affiliation of WTO of China shows positive effect on Chinese economy. This can be translated as the real evidence about free trade theory of Classical School. Expenditure decentralization in China led to economic growth and revenue decentralization also affected positively although it was not as much as expenditure decentralization's effect. Central tax and local tax negatively influenced economic growth; and differently from our expectation, local government autonomy quantified was not relevant to economic growth.

Reorganization of Local Administrative Districts for Decentralization and Balanced Regional Development: Implications from the Japanese case (지방분권과 균형발전을 위한 행정구역 개편 -일본 사례를 통한 시사점을 중심으로-)

  • Kang, Jung-Ku;Kim, Hyun-Soo;Ma, Kang-Rae
    • Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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    • v.38 no.1
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    • pp.33-44
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    • 2022
  • Over the past decades there has been an increasing demand for decentralization in order to promote the balanced regional growth in South Korea. However, several previous studies have raised concerns regarding the disparity between municipalities as the deviation of power from central government could give wealthy municipalities a clear advantage. The purpose of this study is to better understand the relationship between decentralization and balanced regional growth by examining the Great Heisei consolidation in Japan trying to enact largescale municipal restructuring in association with the promotion of decentralization. In particular, much attention is to be paid to the fact that Japanese central clearly understand the municipalities with small population size could be in a disadvantageous position during the decentralization process so that it has a policy of encouraging mergers to make the municipal system more efficient. Lessons from the case study are summarized in this study in relation to the South Korea's efforts towards the decentralization.

Empirical Analysis on Intergovernmental Financial Relations in Korea (우리나라 정부간 재정관계의 실증분석)

  • Park, Jeong-Min
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.8 no.12
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    • pp.275-282
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    • 2008
  • We are facing that we promptly meet the needs of the times which demand a local decentralization. We must consider, above all, the relations between central government and local government to carry out local decentralization or devolution successfully. In this respect, it is needed to enter into a relationship of intergovernmental function allocation. On this basis of this regard, we have to come up with right intergovernmental financial relations. Given this fact, this study will produce intergovernmental relation model, and then analyze our intergovernmental financial relation positively based on three criteria, such as intergovernmental power relations, role distribution between central government and local government, and the allocation of tax resources. Analysis shows that our intergovernmental financial relation belongs to a management.decentralization model generally.

Influence of Decentralization, Participation in Decision Making, Job Satisfaction on Nurse Managers' Organizational Commitment (조직분권화, 의사결정참여, 직무만족이 간호 관리자의 조직몰입에 미치는 영향)

  • Yu, Mi;Kim, Kyung-Sook
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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    • v.17 no.3
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    • pp.357-367
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    • 2011
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of decentralization, participation in decision making, job satisfaction on organizational commitment among hospital nurse managers. Method: The data were derived from the self-reported questionnaire responses of 198 nurse managers from January to March, 2006 at four general hospitals over 900 beds in Seoul and Gyungi province and analyzed by frequency and percentage, t-test, ANOVA and Sheffe's test and stepwise multiple regression. Result: Mean of decentralization was 3.53${\pm}$0.52, participation in decision making was 5.04${\pm}$0.83, job satisfaction 3.54${\pm}$0.48, and organizational commitment was 5.30${\pm}$0.76. There were significant differences between participation in decision-making and career of manager, field of practice, span of control, especially in staffing decision. A significant correlation was found between organizational commitment and decentralization (r=.22, p<.001), participation in decision making (r=.40, p<.001), job satisfaction (r=.64, p<.001). The job satisfaction has the highest significant predictor of organizational commitment ($R^2$=43%). Conclusions: Nursing managers' job satisfaction and organizational commitment will be promoted by granting participation in decision-making.

Decentralization Analysis and Control Model Design for PoN Distributed Consensus Algorithm (PoN 분산합의 알고리즘 탈중앙화 분석 및 제어 모델 설계)

  • Choi, Jin Young;Kim, Young Chang;Oh, Jintae;Kim, Kiyoung
    • Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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    • v.45 no.1
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    • pp.1-9
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    • 2022
  • The PoN (Proof of Nonce) distributed consensus algorithm basically uses a non-competitive consensus method that can guarantee an equal opportunity for all nodes to participate in the block generation process, and this method was expected to resolve the first trilemma of the blockchain, called the decentralization problem. However, the decentralization performance of the PoN distributed consensus algorithm can be greatly affected by the network transaction transmission delay characteristics of the nodes composing the block chain system. In particular, in the consensus process, differences in network node performance may significantly affect the composition of the congress and committee on a first-come, first-served basis. Therefore, in this paper, we presented a problem by analyzing the decentralization performance of the PoN distributed consensus algorithm, and suggested a fairness control algorithm using a learning-based probabilistic acceptance rule to improve it. In addition, we verified the superiority of the proposed algorithm by conducting a numerical experiment, while considering the block chain systems composed of various heterogeneous characteristic systems with different network transmission delay.

Contextual Factors Affecting the Information Sharing through Information Systems (정보시스템을 통한 정보공유에 영향을 미치는 상황요인)

  • Kang, Jae-Jung
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • v.11 no.2
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    • pp.141-158
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    • 2001
  • This paper examines the effects of environmental uncertainty, structural decentralization, formalization, complexity and task interdependence on the information sharing through information system. 197 firms in Korea are surveyed and analyzed to investigate the relationship between the contextual variables and the information sharing. The result of multiple regression analysis shows that task interdependence, structural decentralization, complexity are significant factors to influence on the Information Sharing. Also, additional analysis shows that task interdependence, structural decentralization are major factors in service industry, and task interdependence, structural complexity are in manufacturing industry.

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Analysis of Local Government Welfare Finance Caused by Welfare Finance Decentralization of Roh Moo-Hyun Government (노무현 정부의 복지재정분권정책에 따른 지방정부 사회복지재정 실태 분석 및 정책적 개선방안)

  • Park, Byung-Hyun
    • Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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    • v.60 no.1
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    • pp.159-185
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    • 2008
  • The balance between centralization (power concentrated nationally) and decentralization (power devolved to local government) is a perennial issue in the field of social welfare administration. In the design of social welfare administration, values and assumptions related to decentralization and centralization generally are expressed in choices concerning pluralism versus uniformity, small versus large. In this context, this article tried to find and analyze the problems of financial decentralization of social welfare pursued by No Moo-hyun government. The decentralization of social welfare caused horizontal inequity between local governments, lack of social welfare finance of local government, and impediment of local government finance autonomy.

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An Investigation of the Phenomenon of the Decentralization of the Asian Look and its Method (아시안 룩의 탈중심화 현상과 그 기법에 대한 연구)

  • Seo, Bong-Ha
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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    • v.61 no.2
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    • pp.20-31
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    • 2011
  • Decentralization is an effort to liberalize people from its character of neutralizing or restraining people while indwelling in the previous thought system. Decentralization in fashion is one of the phenomenon of post-modernism fashion, and it is closely related to de-culturalism, crossover, abolition of rank, and etc, and it is in line with Asian look which includes orientalism fashion. The study intends to consider the Phenomenon of Decentralization of Asian Look and its Method depicted in the western fashion. The study focuses on documentary data, and the it is held with the basis of Asian look shown in western fashion. If ideology which influenced the formation of folk costume of Asia, Asian look is the dissolution of such ideology, and post-modern amusement is substituting it. The most conspicuous characteristic of decentralization phenomena of Asian look is pastiche which is a combination and reallocation of external style of many cultural zones and many folk costumes, and it shows mutual irrelevance, and it is a neutral imitation which has internal meaning and humor disappeared. Also, Asian look shows characteristics of parody and irony, which are reversal characteristics of aesthetic value which is expressed through methods of addition, modification, distortion, exaggeration, inversion, dissolution, and etc. Parody which is expressed through imitation regarding previous style shows effect of humor or satire, but its characteristics show that it expresses respect or admiration regarding the original The method of irony is showing sarcasm with ironical method regarding the peculiar style of Asian folk costume, and it pursues unexpected shock and joy, and it is closely related to orientalism fashion. Expansion and constancy of Asian look reflects the interest regarding folk of Asia and Asia, and it is a movement which intends new attempt by abolishing stereotype, and furthermore, it is expressing liberty of humans.

The Study on a Relationship between Fiscal Decentralization and Regional Balanced Development (재정분권과 지역균형발전과의 상관관계에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Kyoung-Soo;Park, Jun-Beom;Ma, Kang-Rae
    • Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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    • v.35 no.1
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    • pp.33-46
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    • 2019
  • In the previous literature, there have been many attempts to probe the relationship between fiscal decentralization and regional balanced development. Much of the literature on this issue argued that the balanced development could be achieved by deviating power from central government to local government. However, several research has raised concerns about the relationship between the two, showing that decentralization could serve as a factor which could further exacerbate the regional imbalance. In particular, they insisted that most of the local taxes that due to the promotion of fiscal decentralization may be concentrated in the metropolitan area. The aim of this study is to verify the hypothesis that the net effect of decentralization promotion may be different depending on local governments' financial conditions. The empirical analysis of this study showed that local government could expand local taxes of about 18 trillion won if the fiscal decentralization was realized. However it was also be found that fiscal decentralization have shown the decrease in the local taxes.

Relationship Between Nursing Organizational Structure and Nursing Outcome (간호 조직구조와 간호결과의 관계)

  • Lee, Eun-Ju
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.37-48
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    • 2004
  • Purpose: This study was investigated to identify the relationship among hospital nursing organizational structure(decentralization, communication, bed/nurse ratio), process(nurses' job satisfaction, nurses' clinical experiences, nurses' unit experiences), and nursing outcome(patient satisfaction, physiologic adaptation, length of stay, number of complication). Method: The subjects consisted of 86 hysterectomy patients and 23 nurses in gynecology unit. Data were collected from May 16, 2002 to August 15. 2003 by the structured questionnaires and chart review. Data analysis was done with ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, path analysis. Result: Relationship between organizational structure and process ; Bed/nurse ratio was negatively related to nurses' job satisfaction(r=- .37, p<.05), and nurses' clinical experience(r=- .69, p<.00). Decentralization(r=.42, p<.05) and comunication(r=.61, p<.00) were positively related to nurses' clinical experiences. Relationship between process and nursing outcome ; There was a significant relationship between nurses' unit experiences and patient satisfaction(r=.63, p<.00), nurses' job satisfaction and physiologic adaptation(r= .44, p<.05), nurses' unit experiences and physiologic adaptation(r=.64, p<.00), Relationship between organizational structure and nursing outcome ; Decentralization and communication were positively related to patient satisfaction(r=.86, p<.00 ; r=.88, p<.00) and physiologic adaptation(r=,51, p<.01, r=.64, p<.00). Conclusion: Nurses' unit experience, communication, decentralization were significant variables for patient satisfaction. Nurses' unit experience, nurses' job satisfaction, communication were significant variables for patient physiologic adaptation.

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