• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.283-293
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• 2017

Objectives: The objective of the present study was to compare prognosis of patients with gastric or colorectal cancer according to places where they received surgeries. Methods: The cancer patients underwent surgeries in sampled hospitals located in Daegu were matched 1:1 to the patients who visited sampled hospitals in Seoul using propensity score method. After the occurrences of death were examined, Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis and the log-rank test was performed to compare the survival curves. Results: A total of six out of 291 gastric cancer patients who had surgeries in Daegu died (2.1%) and ten deaths (3.4%) occurred from patients went Seoul hospitals. Out of 84 gastric cancer patients who had chemotherapy after surgeries in Daegu, 13 (15.5%) patients died while 18 (21.4%) deaths occurred among patients underwent surgeries in Seoul. Six deaths (6.9%) out of 87 colorectal cancer patients who had surgeries in Daegu were reported. Five patients (5.7%) died among the patients underwent surgeries in Seoul. Among the colorectal cancer patients with chemotherapy after surgeries, 13 patients (12.4%) who visited hospitals in Daegu and 14 (13.3%) patients who used medical centers in Seoul died. There were no significant differences according to places where patients used medical services. Conclusions: The result of this study is expected to be used as basic data for policy making to resolve centralization problem of cancer patients and to help patients to make rational choices in selection of medical centers.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.80-86
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• 2017

Purpose: To analyze the data of patients who suffered trauma in a cultivator accident and visited the trauma center in rural Gyeongbuk Province. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and Korean Trauma Data Bank data of 120 patients who suffered cultivator-related traumas and visited the rural regional trauma center in Gyeongbuk Province from January to December 2015. Results: The age of the patients ranged from 35 to 96 years (mean, 70 years). Ninety-one (75.8%) patients were men, and twenty-nine (24.2%) were women. Most of the patients were in their 70s (46 men [50.5%] and 13 women [44.8%]). In total, 113 patients (94.1%) arrived at the regional trauma center by ground transport and 7 (5.9%) arrived by air transport. Ninety-eight patients (81.7%) were transported to the regional trauma center directly from the scene of the accident, and twenty-two (18.3%) were transferred from another medical institute. The mean time from the accident to arrival at the emergency department was 139 minutes, and only 46 patients (38.3%) arrived within 1 hour. Twelve (10.0%) patients died, including two deaths on arrival and two post- cardiopulmonary resuscitation deaths in the emergency department. All deaths were of male cultivator operators. The causes of death were shock (hypovolemic, traumatic, or septic), subdural hematoma (open), hemothorax, rhabdomyolysis, and pneumonia. Conclusions: As the government - led regional trauma center project is on process, it would be clinically important to summarize the initial outcome of cultivator injuries, which are characteristically found more in regional trauma centers in the rural area, and have high mortality. Based on this study, in the future, it will be necessary to follow up and analyze more number of patients and to construct accurate database about trauma cases related to cultivator in Gyeongbuk region.

• 대한수사과학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.5-24
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• 2008

The necessity for the investigation of death occurred in military services has no differences to the death of civilians. But the death of military service members under the Universal Conscription System in Korea has special considerations because of hard accessibility by the bereaved family and closed environment of the army. The analysis of the death occurred during military service was carried out and the advanced death investigation system to prevent the death was proposed to prevent the declination of fighting spirit and efficiency and also to restore the solid support by the people. The deaths in the period 1995~2006 were 330 persons in 1995, 359 persons in 1996 and were decreased to 135 persons in 2006. The death caused by safety accidents including vehicle accident, drowning, fall were 56% and by military crimes including suicide, arms, homicide were 44%. The numbers of suicides were 108 persons in 1995 and were decreased to 79 persons in 2006. The numbers of suicides were decreased constantly, but the ratio of suicide to death were increased, so the suicide prevention is more important. The autopsy ratio was increased to 51.5% in 2005 and was much higher compared to the ratio for civilians. The main reasons of complaints by the bereaved family were for regaining reputation, death in harness and reinvestigation of death. The proposals for the advanced death investigation system were as follows. The unnatural deaths including the obvious accidental deaths and homicides have to be defined by the rules. The human resources to perform the autopsy can be supported by the forensic pathologists from medical school. The special training and quality assurance programs are needed for the crime scene investigator. To regain the impaired reputation from the suicide and to support the bereaved family has to be discussed by the government.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.2383-2391
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• 2014

Tobacco use is described as the single most preventable cause of morbidity and mortality globally, with the World Bank predicting over 450 million tobacco-related deaths in the next fifty years. In India, the proportion of all deaths that can be attributed to tobacco use is expected to rise from 1.4% in 1990 to 13.3% in 2020 of which smoking alone will cause about 930,000 adult deaths by 2010. Many studies have shown that counseling from a health professional is an effective method of helping patients quit the tobacco habit. Tobacco cessation needs to be urgently expanded by training health professionals in providing routine clinical interventions, increasing availability and subsidies of pharmacotherapy, developing wide-reaching strategies such as quitlines, and costeffective strategies, including group interventions. The WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) emphasizes the vital contribution of participation of health professional bodies, as well as training and healthcare institutions in tobacco control efforts. Dentists can play an important role in helping patients quit using tobacco. One of the key strategies to reduce tobacco-related morbidity and mortality is to encourage the involvement of health professionals in tobacco-use prevention and cessation counselling. The dental office is an ideal setting for tobacco cessation services since preventive treatment services, oral screening, and patient education have always been a large part of the dental practice.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.6181-6184
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• 2013

Background: Lung cancer is the most frequent cancer in males and the fourth most frequent site in females, worldwide. This study is the first to explore the profile of lung cancer in Kuwait. Materials and Methods: Cases of primary lung cancer (Kuwaiti) in Kuwait cancer Registry (KCR) were grouped in 4 periods (10 years each) from 1970-2009. Epidemiological measures; age standardized incidence rate (ASIR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI), Standardized rate ratio (SRR) and Cumulative risk and Forecasting to year 2020-2029 used for analysis. Results: Between years, 2000-2009 lung cancer ranked the 4th and the 9th most frequent cancer in males and females respectively. M:F ratio 1:3. Mean age at diagnosis (95%CI) was 65.2 (63.9-66.4) years. The estimated risk of developing lung cancer before the age of 75 years in males is 1.8% (1/56), and 0.6 (1/167) in females. The ASIR for male cases was 11.7, 17.1, 17.0, 14.0 cases/100,000 population in the seventies, eighties, nineties and in 2000-2009 respectively. Female ASIR was 2.3, 8.4, 5.1, 4.4 cases/100,000 population in the same duration. Lung cancer is the leading cause cancer death in males 168 (14.2%) and the fifth cause of death due to cancer in females accounting for 6.1% of all cancer deaths. The ASMR (95%CI) was 8.1 (6.6-10.0) deaths/100,000 population and 2.8 (1.3-4.3) deaths/100,000 population in males and females respectively. The estimated Mortality to incidence Ratio was 0.6. Conclusions: The incidence of lung cancer between years 2000-2009 is not different from that reported in the seventies. KCR is expecting the number of lung cancer cases to increase.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권sup3호
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• pp.101-105
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• 2016

The number of deaths is often measured to monitor the population health status and priority of health problems. However, number of years of life lost (YLL) is a more appropriate indicator in some cases. We have calculated the YLL of adult cancers and its trend over the past few years in Yazd to provide planners with baseline data. Data obtained from death registration system were used to calculate the YLL, based on each individual's age at death, and the standardized expected YLL method was applied with a discount rate of 0.03, an age weight of 0.04, and a correction factor of 0.165. All data were analyzed and prepared in Epi6 and Excel 2007. A total of 3,850 death records were analyzed. Some 550 patients in Yazd province aged ${\geq}20$ die annually due to cancer (male: female ratio 1.3). The average ages at death in lung, CNS, breast cancer and leukemia cases were 68.5, 59, 58.7 and 61, respectively. The age group of 40-59 with 21 % had the highest cancer mortality percentage. Premature cancer deaths have caused 40,753 YLL (5,823 YLL annually). Females lose on average more life years to cancer than do men (11.6 vs 9.8 years). Lung cancer (12.1%), CNS tumors (11.7%) and leukemia (11.4 %) were the leading causes terms of YLL due to all cancers in both sexes. From 2004 to 2010, cancer-caused YLL as a fraction of all YLL increased from 12.8 to 15.2 %. This study can help in the assessment of health care needs and prioritization. Cancer is the major cause of deaths and the trend is increasing. The use of YLLs is a better index for measurement of premature mortality for ranking of diseases than is death counts. Longer periods of observation will make these trends more robust and will help to evaluate and develop, better public health interventions.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제29권12호
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• pp.1347-1353
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• 1996

부산대학교병원 흉부외과에서 1982련 3월부터 1992년 2월까지 승모판막치환술을 받은 환자들을 대상으로하여 승모판막치환술 후 장기성적에 대한 분석을 시행하였다. 환자 중 남자는 159명이었고 여자는 215명이 었으며 평균연령은 31.8세였다. 병원사망율은 24례(6.4%)였고 가장 흔한 원인은 저심 박출증후군으로 12례였다. 치환된 판막은 기계 판막이 314개, 조직판막이 60개였고 재치환술을 시행한 경우는 31례로 모두 기계판막을 사용하였다. 거의 전환자에게 coumadin을 투여하여 항응고요법을 시행하였고 국제정상화비(INR)가 1.5~3.0이 되도록 하였다. 생존례의 추적관찰은 93%에서 가능하였고 2270환자-년이었다. 만기 사망례는 12례였는데 그 중 3례가 뇌출혈, 3례가 뇌혈관전색으로 사망하였다. 병원 사망율을 포함한 만기 생존율은 술후 10년에 82.3%였다. 만기합병증의 발생율은 전색증이 1.3%환자-년, 항응고요법과 관련된 출혈성함병증이 1.3%환자-년이었다. 술후 예후에 좋은 영향을 미칠 것으로 생각되는 요인으로는 뉴욕심장협 회의 심기능평가를 포함한 술전 환자상태, 첫 수술인 경우, 판막부속기 보전의 수술법 및 너무 크지 않은 기계판막\ulcorner 사용하지 않는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국인구학
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.87-96
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• 1988

The subjects used in this study were chosen from self-employed women in Taegu City, Korea, Data for 415 respondents were collected by face-to-face interviews conducted during the period of November 10 through 23, 1987. There are three major purposes in this study : first, to describe the general characteristics of self-employed Korean women's fertility behavior ; second, to examine the determinants of fertility behavior among self-employed women : third, to explore the relative importance of the fertility determinants among the women. Regression analyses were introduced to test hypotheses. Nine variables, such as household income, educational attainment, mass media, abortion, the period of contraception practice, contraceptive expenses, the number of infant, deaths marital period, and age at first marriage were introduced as indicators in the regression. The results of this study show that there are negative relationships between the dependent variable of fertility and abortion, and the period of contraception practice. On the other hand, positive relationships between the dependent variable of fertility and the number of infant deaths, and marital period and age at first marriage are shown in this study. However, the results of this study show that there are insignificant relationships between socioeconomic variables and fertility. From the results of the F test to evaluate the significance of difference in $R^2$between two different regression equations, we have found that the regression equation including both socioeconomic variables and intermediate variables is misspecified to examine the determinants of fertility behavior among self-employed Korean women. That is, the F test shows that the regression equation including only intermediate variables as indicators is the best model for this study. Finally, the relative importance of the fertility determinants among self-employed women is found as follows : Age at the first marriage is the most influential variable in the fertility, and the next important factors are abortion, the period of contraception practice, the number of infant deaths, and marital period, in that order.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.47-54
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• 2021

한국산업안전보건공단의 산업재해통계 보고서 최근 4년 동안의 자료를 확인하면 2017년부터 2020년 6월까지 건설현장의 재해자 수가 약 93,158명, 사망자 수가 약 1,977명으로 건설업이 재해율 총 3위, 사망률 총 1위로 높은 안전사고 추이를 보이고 있다. 그 중에서도 전체 직업군에서 추락으로 인한 사망사고 및 접촉으로 인한 사망사고는 전체 사고 유형 중 3위 안으로 빈번하게 발생하는 안전사고이다. 본 논문은 건설현장의 다양한 유형의 안전사고 중 발생 비율이 가장 높은 추락과 접촉 사고 두 유형의 안전사고를 예방하기 위해 초음파 센서를 이용한 스마트 감지 장치를 개발하여 직접 현장 작업자가 경험하게 한 결과, 설문참여 작업자의 69.5%이상이 센서의 현장 적용성에 대해 긍정적으로 평가하였으며, 이를 토대로 건설업 안전사고의 전체 비율을 감소하는데 일조 하고자 한다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.100-113
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• 2021

Background: This study aims to figure out the gaps in health status by estimating amenable mortality rate by region, reflecting the characteristics of Korea, and estimating the years of life lost (YLL) per capita by disease. Methods: People who died from amenable diseases between 2008 and 2018 were extracted from the cause of death statistics provided by Statistics Korea. The age-standardized amenable mortality rates were estimated to compare the health status of 229 regions. YLL per capita was calculated to compute the burden of diseases caused by treatable deaths by region. The YLL per capita by region was calculated to identify the burden of disease caused by amenable deaths. Results: First, while the annual amenable mortality rate in Korea is on a steady decline, but there is still a considerable gap between urban and rural areas when comparing the mortality rates of 229 areas. Second, YLL per capita due to the amenable deaths is approximately 14 person-years during the analysis period (2008-2018). Conclusion: Although the health status of Koreans has continuously improved, there is still a gap in health status region by region in terms of amenable mortality rates. Amenable death accounts for a loss of life equivalent to 14 person-years per year. Since the amenable mortality rate is an indicator that can measure the performance of the health care system, efforts at each local area are required to lower it.