• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.5681-5685
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• 2012

Three kinds of survival rates are generally used depending on the purpose of the investigation: overall, cause-specific, and relative. The differences among these 3 survival rates are derived from their respective formulas; however, reports based on actual cancer registry data are few because of incomplete information and short follow-up duration recorded on cancer registration. The aim of this study was to numerically and visually compare these 3 survival rates on the basis of data from the Nagasaki Prefecture Cancer Registry. Subjects were patients diagnosed with cancer and registered in the registry between 1999 and 2003. We calculated the proportion of cause of death and 5-year survival rates. For lung, liver, or advanced stage cancers, the proportions of cancer-related death were high and the differences in survival rates were small. For prostate or early stage cancers, the proportions of death from other causes were high and the differences in survival rates were large. We concluded that the differences among the 3 survival rates increased when the proportion of death from other causes increased.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.65-70
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• 1991

The sudden death syndrome has been encountered in Korean native cattle in a small island village of Yeochun, Chonnam since 1984. In an effort to diagnose the causes of the condition, 10 calves were purchased and shipped to the village to be reared conventionally. During the period of April 1988 through March 1989 the animals were clinically examined every month, samples of blood and feces collected and examined. Soils, plants and water samples were analysed, and necropsy was performed on two calves which died during the period. No abnormalities were found by clinical examination. Soil, plant and water analysis did not reveal any abnormalities which could be related to sudden death. One of the 2 dead calves was fallen and suffocated to death after the right hock was tied by rein. The other had a torsion In jejunum after plowing. Epidemiological examination revealed that two calves of one farmer died in one day from bloat. Authors explained the results and asked the people in the island to improve management of the animals, and no more sudden death occurred for 2 years.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권10호
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• pp.4125-4128
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• 2014

The median ages at death from cancers between 1985 and 2005 were calculated to demonstrate that inherent anticancer mechanisms may be a common pathway for different cancers. Seventy-eight patients with gastric, liver and lung cancers, were recruited in the solid cancer group. The leukemia group consisted of 31 patients with three main types of leukemia. The controls were 100 healthy individuals. The samples were typed using an HLA-DR/DQ PCR-SSP typing kit. The results showed that the median ages at death from all causes were 64.7 years in 1985 and 70.1 years in 2005. The range of the median ages at death from all cancers was similar to the corresponding value for deaths attributed to all causes. The frequency of $DRB1^*03$ was 9.6% in the solid cancer group and 3.0% in the control group (p<0.05). The frequency of $DRB1^*04$ in the leukemia group were significantly lower than that of the control (p<0.05). $DRB1^*13$ and $DRB1^*06$ frequencies in the leukemia group were significantly higher than those of the controls (p<0.05). It is suggested that inherent anti-cancer mechanisms may be a common pathway for different cancers and are associated with the immune system and HLA.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.535-543
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• 2020

통계청은 사망외인에 대한 안전통계 프레임워크를 구성하는 안전변수와 하위모듈의 설정미스로 인해 통계 항목군의 도출에 착오를 일으켰고, 재난·사고 분야·영역의 학술적 분류체계를 고려하지 않고 의학적 발생기전으로 명명함으로써 통계 타당성이 떨어지는 결과가 도래된 것으로 분석되었다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 안전변수를 WHO 안전정의에 맞게 변경하고 하위모듈을 적절하게 설정하여 낙상사고, 익사·익수사고 및 무생물성 기계적 힘에 노출사고 항목군을 산업현장에서의 사고와 일상생활에서의 작업 중 사고로 분리하여 명명하고, 유독성물질을 화학적 물질과 약물로 분리하여 항목군을 재명명하는 과정과 재난사고의 6대 분야 및 영역별로 항목군을 재배치하여 최적의 안전통계 항목군 분류체계를 정립하였다. 결과적으로 사망외인의 원천 특성에 따라 재난·사고 분야를 도출하고 관련 영역을 학술적으로 설정하여 복잡하게 구성되어 있는 통계청의 사망외인 항목군을 체계적으로 재정립함으로써 통계타당성을 향상시키고 정부부처 및 관련기관의 안전투자의 방향을 결정하는데 중요한 역할을 할 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국인구학
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.197-203
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• 1988

한국 사망력의 수준 및 특징을 일본과 비교하고자 양국의 1995년 공식통계를 사용하여 사망원인별로 성$\cdot$연령$\cdot$혼인상태별 사망률, 연령표준화사망률, 생존기간손실년수(PYLL) 및 동 측정치의 남녀간 비와 한일간 비를 계산하였다. 사망원인 항목은 모든 사인(총사망), 결핵, 악성신생물, 당뇨병, 고혈압성 질환, 심장 질환, 뇌혈관 질환, 간 진환, 교통사고, 자살을 포함한다. 일본과 비교하여 한국 사망력의 두드러진 특징은 다음과 같다 : (1)자살을 제외한 대부분의 사인에서 한국의 사망률이 일본보다 높은데 , 특히 결핵, 고혈압성 질환, 간 질환 및 교통사고의 경우 한국 생산활동연령층의 사망률이 두드러지게 높다 : (2)결핵, 간질환, 교통사고, 암사망이 한국의 소아에게서도 발생한다 : (3)한국의 생산활동연령층에서 간 질환, 결핵, 교통사고에 의한 성별 사망력 격차가 큰데, 남성의 사망률이 여성의 사망률보다 높기 때문이다 : (4)자살률이 한국생산활동연령층 남성의 경우 일본보다 낮고, 10대와 20대 여성의 자살률은 일본보다 높다 : (5)한국의 45세 미만에서는 사인에 따라 사별이나 이혼상태에서, 45세 이상에서는 모든 사인에 대해 남녀 모두 미혼상태에서 사망력이 가장 높다. : (6)한국은 사별상태에서, 일본은 이혼상태에서 성별 사망력 격차가 가장 크다.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.384-394
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• 2014

Purpose: To improve professional intensive care by analyzing admission causes, causes of death, disease conditions, and treatment processes in patients with hematological malignancies admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) in South Korea. Methods: This was a retrospective study approved by IRB, and conducted on admission with 559 adults, in the hematology ICU of a hospital located in Seoul. The study was carried out from April 2009 to March 2012. Data were analyzed using SAS. Results: Pneumonia was the most frequent cause of ICU admission and death, followed by sepsis. The condition at discharge was death (53.6%), recovery (39.9%), or hopeless (5.1%). Mortality of patients in states of incomplete remission was higher than that of patients with complete remission and of patients with multiple myeloma, severe aplastic anemia, and lymphoma. Conclusion: Results show that pneumonia and sepsis are the most frequent causes of ICU admission and for the death of patients with hematological malignancies. The most frequent status at discharge of patients with hematological malignancies was death (53.6%), with mortality of patients at Incomplete Remission status, of mechanically ventilated patients, and of patients on continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) being higher than others.

• Neonatal Medicine
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.99-107
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• 2021

Purpose: Studies have been conducted on the prevalence and infant mortality rate of congenital anomalies; however, studies on child mortality are rare. Therefore, we evaluated the characteristics of deaths associated with congenital anomalies among children born in Korea who died within 5 years of age. Methods: Birth-to-death cohort linked data of children under the age of 5 years from 2010 to 2013, and statistical data on the cause of death by age from 1999 to 2019, both provided by the Korea National Statistical Office's Microdata Integrated Service, were retrospectively investigated. We investigated the trends and characteristics of mortality associated with congenital anomalies. Results: Among 1,858,945 children, 6,510 children who died were under 5 years of age, and among them, 1,229 deaths were associated with congenital anomalies, while 5,281 deaths were due to other causes. Deaths associated with congenital anomalies accounted for 18.9% of all deaths. When comparing congenital anomalies by systems, anomalies of the cardiovascular system (52.6%) were the most common. The mortality rate associated with congenital anomalies and those of other causes showed similar declining trends in 21 years. Conclusion: The mortality rate of congenital anomalies during the first 5 years of life did not increase differently from the prevalence of congenital anomalies but rather decreased. Deaths associated with congenital anomalies accounted for 20.5% of all infant deaths and 12.1% of child deaths, since the major causes of death in infants and children are slightly different, continuous and careful monitoring is required.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제29권7호
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• pp.1014-1021
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• 2019

In the bacterial community, unicellular organisms act together as a multicellular being. Bacteria interact within the community and programmed cell death (PCD) in prokaryotes is a sort of altruistic action that enables the whole population to thrive. Genetically, encoded cell death pathways are triggered by DNA damage or nutrient starvation. Given the environmental and bacterial diversity, different PCD mechanisms are operated. Still, their biochemical and physiological aspects remain unrevealed. There are three main pathways; thymineless death, apoptosis-like death, and toxin-antitoxin systems. The discovery of PCD in bacteria has revealed the possibility of developing new antibiotics. In this review, the molecular and physiological characteristics of the three types of PCD and their development potential as antibacterial agents are addressed.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.861-869
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• 1991

From August, 1986 to December, 1989, mitral valve replacement was performed in 93 patients. Of the valve implanted, 42 were Duromedics, 35 St. Jude Medical, 15 Carpenter-Edwards and 1 Ionescu-Shiley. The hospital mortality rate was 3.2%[3 patients] and the late mortality rate was 4.3% [4 patients]. The causes of hospital death were LV rupture in 1, renal failure in 1 and hypoxic brain damage in l. The causes of late death were congestive heart failure in 1 and sudden death in 3. Follow-up was done on 78 surviving patients; mean follow-up period was 29.22$\pm$9.09 months. The actual survival rate was 91.8% at 4 years. We concluded, therefore, that good clinical results could be achieved with mitral valve replacement in short-term follow-up, and long-term follow-up is also necessary.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제28권12호
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• pp.1113-1121
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• 1995

From August, 1986 to December, 1993, mitral valve replacement was performed in 178 patients. Of the valve implanted, 114 were St.Jude Medical, 47 Duromedics, 16 Carpenter-Edward and 1 Ionesc-Shiley. The hospital mortality rate was 2.8%[5 patients and the late mortality rate was 7.5%[13 patients . The causes of hospital death were LV rupture in 1, renal failure in 1, cardiac tamponade in 1, valve malfunction in 1 and hypoxic brain damage in 1. The causes of late death were sudden death in 6, congestive heart failure in 4, brain ischemic injury in 3. Follow-up was done on 155 surviving patients : mean follow-up period was 50.94$\pm$8.04 months. The actual survival rate was 88.2% at 8 years. We concluded, therefore, that good clinical results could be achieved with mitral valve replacement in mid-term follow-up, and long-term follow-up is also necessary.