• Archives of design research
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.7-14
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• 2001

Modern graphic design is creating a new area of graphic design due to the development of computer technology as it changes the existing world of graphic design with a variety of advanced style of image. It is true, however, that the basic principles and images in the modern design are influenced by the visual principles and methods elaborated and changed by the numerous creative works that is well representing the visual features of graphic design trends from the early 20th century to the mid century. The style of graphic design at the time which is generally referred to as 'modern graphic design' went through Pictorial modernism, Constructivism, De Stijl, Bauhaus after the beginning of 20C design, Art Noueau. It spread over the world in the ear of Swiss graphic design and New York graphic design that create the basic principles and styles in modern graphic design. This study examines visual features and flow of graphic design from the early years in the 20th century to the middle of the century, the foundation ear of principles in the modern graphic design. It will give a systematic and fundamental understanding of graphic design and visual features of it while it will be in a research process to create a new graphic style.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.123
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• pp.57-86
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• 2012

Many contemporary philosophers argue that modern philosophy is only the philosophy being imprisoned in subject and consciousness without communicating other subjects with language. They criticize that it is solipsistic. Today, those who are taking part in the communication theory, hermeneutics, and de-constructivism are trying to overcome this problem. The practical philosophers, especially those who advocate communintarianism criticize that modern libertarianism is not free from the isolated autonomy and breaks the solidarity of the traditional community with treating formally others. They criticize Kant's philosophy in the same way. But it is unreasonable. Because Kant was not the philosopher who pursued the same philosophy of subjectivity and liberalism as the earlier modern philosophers pursued. He tried to criticize its limits and overcome them. Especially he did not remain within the modern subjectivity, but rather tried to come up with the inter-subjectivity communicating between subjects. He showed this side through the 'sensus communis'. He thought of a judgement of taste as an effect resulting from the free play between imagination and understanding, and postulated the 'sensus communis' as a ground of the universal validity of this judgement. Therefore this 'sensus communis' is the subjective principle of a judgement of taste. Furthermore, he did not treat this 'sensus communis' merely as a self-relation of a subject, but rather developed it into an communicative relation among subjects. This position of Kant enables us to seek the harmony between the aesthetic sphere and social-moral sphere, and to overcome the conflicts between the autonomy of the liberalism and the solidarity of the communitarianism. Especially, his 'sensus communis' can be developed into the 'critical hermeneutics' and the 'relational autonomy'. Therefore his 'sensus communis' has the possibility to overcome the negative points of the traditional community and the modern community, and to overcome the conflicts among the isolated selves occurring in today's society. Hence Kant's 'sensus communis' has still the important values in the contemporary philosophy, especially in the practical philosophy being now discussed over the relation between autonomy and solidarity.