• 한국작물학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.69-81
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• 1970

1. 대두 4개품종을 20개경합처리로 주간간격을 5-10-20-40-80 cm 변화시켜 대두유전자형에 대한 10개형질을 조사하였다. 2. 수량, 100립중, 초장, 분지수, 일주맥수, 맥당립수는 주간간격처리에 의하여 고도의 유의성을 보였다. 3. 절수와 개화일수는 간격처리에 효과가 없었으며 성숙은 4개품종의 간격효과가 상이하였다. 4. 결실기간은 주간간격처리에 대하여 영향을 받았으며 초장은 간격이 넓어짐에 따라 짧아졌으며 감소할수록 증가하였다. 분지수도 간격이 증가하였을 때 증가하였다. 개체수량은 간격이 감소할수록 감소하였으나 전수량은 반대였다. 5. 시비효과는 인정되지 않았다. 또 80cm주간의 수량도 인정되지 않았다. 6. 경합효과에서 강세경합은 금강대립 품종이며 약세경합은 충북백 Shelby였다. 7. 대두수량에 최적간격은 20cm주간이었다. 8. 지방함량은 넓은 간격에서 증가하였으며 단백질함량은 좁은 간격에서 증가하였다.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.34-48
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• 1993

This experiment were conducted to investigate heterosis and combining ability for several mutant characters by analyzing dialled crosses of flue-cured tobacco. In a dialled cross of 3 flue-cured varieties and the mutant line 83H -5, the heterosis was somewhat higher in Fl than in F2. For growth character, the heterosis was 0.28-6.03% in plant height, leaf number, leaf shape index and yield, and was 43.2% for bacterial wilt disease index. The mutant line 83H-5 showed significantly negative GCA effect for plant height, leaf width and bacterial wilt disease index in Fl and F2, leaf length in F2, and positive GCA effect for total alkaloids, total nitrogen in Fl and days to flower in F2, respectively. Specific combining ability(SCA) in 83H-5 x Hicks was significant in negative effect for leaf length(F2), number of leaves(F2), leaf shape(F1, F2), bacterial wilt(F2) and alkaloids(F1), and in 83H-5 x NC 2326 in positive effect for leaf length(F1, F2) and leaf width(F2), and for 83H-5 x NC 82 in positive effect for plant height(F1, F2) and leaf width(F2), and for 83H-5 x NC 82 in Positive effect for Plant height(F1, F2), leaf length(F2) and yield(F1, F2).

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.8-12
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• 2003

To find out the relationship between pod development and cytokinin contents during reproductive stage of peanut, the cytokinin contents, trans-zeatin ribo-side (t-ZR) and dihydrozeatin riboside (diZR), were investigated at 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after flowering (DAF). The amounts of t-ZR and diZR in cotyledon and first branch among primary branches were 3, 448 pmol/g (FW) and 4, 824 p/g (FW), respectively, which were higher than those of other branches. The t-ZR and diZR contents of lower parts on the branch from cotyledon node at 7 DAF were 579 pmol/g (FW) and 2, 028 pmol/g (FW), respectively, which were higher than those of upper parts. The cytokinin contents of reproductive organs as flowering progressed were increased at 0 and 14 DAF on branch and position of node. The cytokinin contents of upper part with pruning the lower part on the branch from cotyledon node were high 112-337% at 7 DAF and 14 DAF compared with those of the control. In case of remove the upper part of the first internode on main axis, t-ZR contents was 4.7 times higher than diZR contents at 7 DAF. The pod setting rate of flower and position on the branch from cotyledon node was closely related to the cytokinin contents during floral reproductive stage.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제41권8호
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• pp.781-798
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• 2018

Plants have evolved strategies to cope with drought stress by maximizing physiological capacity and adjusting developmental processes such as flowering time. The WOX13 orthologous group is the most conserved among the clade of WOX homeodomain-containing proteins and is found to function in both drought stress and flower development. In this study, we isolated and characterized OsWOX13 from rice. OsWOX13 was regulated spatially in vegetative organs but temporally in flowers and seeds. Overexpression of OsWOX13 (OsWOX13-ov) in rice under the rab21 promoter resulted in drought resistance and early flowering by 7-10 days. Screening of gene expression profiles in mature leaf and panicles of OsWOX13-ov showed a broad spectrum of effects on biological processes, such as abiotic and biotic stresses, exerting a cross-talk between responses. Protein binding microarray and electrophoretic mobility shift assay analyses supported ATTGATTG as the putative cis-element binding of OsWOX13. OsDREB1A and OsDREB1F, drought stress response transcription factors, contain ATTGATTG motif(s) in their promoters and are preferentially expressed in OsWOX13-ov. In addition, Heading date 3a and OsMADS14, regulators in the flowering pathway and development, were enhanced in OsWOX13-ov. These results suggest that OsWOX13 mediates the stress response and early flowering and, thus, may be a regulator of genes involved in drought escape.

• 화훼연구
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.141-145
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• 2009

동절기 산취(Chamecereus silvestrii) '희망'의 주 야 온도를 달리하며 처리한 결과 초장은 주간온도 $20^{\circ}C$와 야간온도 $15^{\circ}C$에서 가장 크게 나타났다. 구경은 주간온도 $25^{\circ}C$에서 구직경과 구고의 생육이 우수하였고, 주간온도 $25^{\circ}C$에서는 모든 야간온도에서 구직경 생육이 양호하였으며 구고는 주간온도 $25^{\circ}C$에서는 $20^{\circ}C$에 비해 야간온도가 $25^{\circ}C$로 높을수록 생육이 좋았다. 주 야간온도 조합의 합산온도가 높을수록 구직경과 구고신장이 증가하는 경향을 나타났다. 색도에서 Hunter 'a' 값은 야간온도가 높을수록 낮아졌으나 'b' 값은 높아져 야간온도가 높으면 탁도가 증가하였다. 또한 구직경과 구고변화의 증가가 다시 시작되는 기점은 정식 후 15일로 나타났다.

• 화훼연구
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.166-178
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• 2018

In this study, the principal objective was to investigate the effect of light quality and vessel ventilation on the growth and development, physiology, activities of antioxidant enzymes, and contents of mineral nutrients of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) 'Marble Beauty'. Single node cuttings stuck into the plant growth regulator (PGR)-free MS medium in containers covered with caps with or without a ventilation filter were cultured first four weeks under white and then additional four weeks under either white (control), blue, red, or red + blue light emitting diodes (LEDs) for 56 days. Interestingly, a ventilated culture condition not only reduced the percentage of the hyperhydricity, but also increased the total chlorophyll content (Chl a + Chl b) of the plantlets as compared to the non-ventilated condition. In addition, blue LEDs produced plantlets with the greatest number of shoots and red LEDs produced plantlets with the greatest shoot length. The quality of plantlets was improved under a ventilation condition. Besides, under a ventilated condition, red + blue LEDs raised APX activity, and blue LEDs not only raised the activity of the CAT, but also increased tissue contents of such elements as K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Mn and Fe. The red LEDs increased contents of B and Si under a ventilated condition, and Na accumulation under a non-ventilated condition. Thus, including blue or red LEDs as the light source in a ventilated culture condition will produce plantlets of carnation 'Marble Beauty' in vitro with improved quality.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.219-230
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• 2023

Calla lily is one of the most iconic and widely recognized ornamental plants. This study compared the extracts of 11 cultivars of domestic calla lily bred by the National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science for their total polyphenol and antioxidant activities. Eleven cultivars were evaluated for their growth and flowering characteristics as per the Manual for Agricultural Investigation Rural Development Administration (RDA) form. The antioxidant activities were measured using 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbebzothiazoloine-6-sulfonic acid)-diammounium salt (ABTS⁺) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging effect. The plants have an average height of 63.80 ± 5.4 cm, average flower diameter of 7.2 ± 1.1 cm, and width of 12.4 ± 1.7 cm. On average, the diameter and width of leaves were 33.7 ± 3.5 cm and 20.0 ± 1.4 cm, respectively. Extracts of flowers and leaves in the 11 cultivars of white calla lily were compared for their antioxidant activities and total polyphenol contents. ABTS⁺ and DPPH radical scavenging, which are indicative of antioxidant activity, were higher in flowers than in leaves. When comparing by cultivar, we found that 'White Egg' showed the highest antioxidant activity in both the flowers and the leaves. Additionally, we found that by part, the content of total polyphenols was highest in flowers, and by cultivar, it was highest in the 'Swan' and 'White Egg' cultivars. Furthermore, the days to flowering showed correlations with ABTS⁺ radical scavenging, total phenolic contents (TPC), and total flavonoid contents (TFC). Our results indicate that calla lily can be used as breeding material material according to its growth characteristics and as a natural antioxidant source.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.69-79
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• 1982

The objective of this study is to contribute to drainage planning in the most realistic and economical way by establishing the relationship between rice yield reduction and overhead flooding by muddy water of each growth stage of paddy, which is the most important factor in determining optimum drainage facilities. This study was based on the data mainly from the experimental reports of the Office of Rural Development of Korea, Reduction Rate Estimation for Summer Crops, published by Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry of Japan and other related research documenta- tion. The results of this study are summarized as follows 1. Damages by overhead flooding are highest in heading stage and have the tendency of decrease in the order of booting stage, panicle formation stage, tillering stage, and stage just after transplanting. Damages by overhead flooding of each growing stage are as follows: a) It is considered that overhead flooding just after transplanting gives a little influence on plant growth and yield because the paddy has sufficient growth period from floo ding to harvest time. b) Jt is analyzed that according to the equation y=11 12x 0.908 which is derived from this study, damages by overhead flooding during tillering stage for 1, 2, 3 successive days are 11.1 %, 20.9%, and 30.2% respectively. c) Damages by overhead flooding after panicle formation stage are very serious because recovering period is very short after damage and ineffective tillering is much. Acc- ording to the equation y=9. 58x+10. Ol derived from this study, damages by overhead flooding fal 1,2,3,5 successive days are 19.6%, 29.2%, 38.8%, 57.9% respectively. d) Booting stage is the very important period in which young panicle has grown up almost completely and the number of glumous flower is fixed since reduction division takes place in the microspore mother cell and enbryo mother cell. According to the equation y=39. 66x 0.558 derived from this study, damages by overhead floodingfor 0.5, 1, 3, 5 successive days are 26.9%, 39.7%, 72. 2% and 97.4%, respectively. Therefore, damages by overhead flooding is very serious during the hooting stage. e) When ear of paddy emerges, flowering begins on that day or the next day; when paddy flowers, fertilization will be completed 2-3 hours after flowering. Therefore overhead flooding during heading stage impedes flowering and increases sterilizing percentage. From this reason damages of heading stage are larger than that of booting stage. According to the equation y-41 94x 0.589 derived from this study, damages by overhead flooding for 0.5, 1, 3, 5, successive days are 27.9%, 63.1 %, 80.1%, and 100% 2. Considering that temperature of booting stage is higher than that of beading stage and plant height of booting stage is ten centimeters shorter than that of heading stage, booting stage should be taken as a critical period for drainage planning because possi- bility of damage occurrence in booting stage is larger than that of heading stage. There-fore, it is considered that booting stage should be taken as critical period of paddy growth for drainage planning. 3. Overhead flooding depth is different depending on the stage of growth. In case, booting stage is adopted as design stage of growth for drainage planning, it is conside red that the allowable flooding depth for new varieties and general varieties are 70cm and 80cm respectively. 4. Reduction Rate Estimation by Wind and Flood for Rice Planting of the present design criteria for drainage planning shows damage by overhead flooding for 1 to 2, 3 to 4, 5 to 7 consecutive days; damages by overhead flooding varies considerably over several hours and experimental condition of soil, variety of paddy, and climate differs with real situation. From these reasons, damage by flooding could not be estimated properly in the past. This study has derived the equation which shows damages by flooding of each growth stage on an hourly basis. Therefore, it has become possible to compute the exact damages in case duration of overhead flooding is known.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.187-192
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• 1996

작약(芍藥)의 개화조절(開花調節)을 위(爲)한 기초자료로 삼고자 꽃눈의 분화과정(分化過程)과 동계(冬季) 가온재배(加溫栽培)시의 적정(適定) 가온시사(加溫時斯) 및 편온처리(偏溫處理) 효과(效果)를 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 작약(芍藥)의 꽃눈분화 과정을 보면, 6월(月)17일(日) 조사시(調査時) 눈의 분화는 이미 시작되어 있었고, 화기의 분화는 9월중순(月中旬)에, 꽃잎의 분화는 10월(月) 에 관찰되었으며, 이른 봄눈이 지상부(地上部)로 출현(出現)하면서 암술이 분화된 개체가 관찰되었다. 2. 동계(冬季)에 시기(時期)를 달리하여 가온재배(加溫栽培)한 결과, 밀양지역(密陽地域)에서 작약(芍藥)의 촉성재배(促成栽培)시 12月 상순(上旬)부터 가온재배(加溫栽培)하면 낙화(駱花)가 가능하였으며 12월(月) 하순(下旬) 가온낙시구(加溫駱始區)까지 출현소요(出現所要) 일(日) 수(數)가 현저히 감소(減少)하다가 그 후에는 差(差)가 없었다. 3. $5^{\circ}C$에서 1주간(週間) 저온처리를 한 후 가온재배(加溫栽培)를 하면 잎은 출현(出現)하였으나 개화(開花)하지 않았고 2과(過)이상 처리시 개화(開花)하였다. 2주(週) 이상 저온처리시 처리기간에 따른 폐화소요일수(閉花所要日數)의 차(差)는 미미(微微)하였으나 출현경수(出現莖數)와 폐화률(閉花率)은 처리기간이 증가함에 따라 증가하였다. 4. 저온처리후 가온재배(加溫栽培)하면 동일가온재배(同一加溫栽培)시기의 무처리(無處理)에 비해 출현소요일수(出現所要日數)가 크게 감소하였다. 저온처리에 의한촉성재배(促成栽培)의 경우빨리 개화(開花)한 것은 1월(月) 20일(日)이었고, 저온처리를 하지않은 것을 12월(月)에 촉성재배(促成栽培)할 경우 2월(月) 하旬(下旬)까지 개화(開花)가 가능하였다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.277-282
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• 1996

시호의 개화습성 및 수정양식을 파악하여 육종의 기초자료로 이 음하고자 본 실험 을 수행하였다. 지경발달에 있어서 추정된 1차지경의 총수는 106.6개였고, 2차지경까지 발달하여 개화되었을 때 총 소화수의 이론치는 9,622개였다. 지경순위별 화기의 크기 정도는 산경, 소산경, 화판, 자예, 웅예, 자방표면, 소화악의 크기 모두 주경 > 1차지경 > 2차지경의 순으로 작아지는 경향을 나타내 지경의 발달이 진전될수록 소화의 크기가 작아진다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 지경전개별과 동일 지경내 화총 등의 개화시기는 뚜렷이 구분되었다. 소화, 소화총, 화총을 각각 망사 및 유산지로 피봉시켜 본 결과 결실이 전혀 이루어지지 않아 품매보다는 충매에 의한 방법으로 수정하는 타식성 식물로 인정되었으나, 식물체 전체를 망사로 씌웠을 때는 일부결실이 이루어져 부분자식성작물로 판단되었다. 화기 성숙단계별 수분능력은 자예성숙기인 8일 이후부터 결실이 가능하였으며, 특히 $11{\sim}13$일에 결실율이 높게 나타났다.