• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• 제48권4호
• /
• pp.361-365
• /
• 2021

Background Pain in the postoperative body contouring patient has traditionally been managed with narcotic medication. In an effort to minimize side effects and prevent addiction, plastic surgeons are searching for novel ways to provide adequate analgesia, one of which is nerve blocks. This study was conducted with a meta-analysis that evaluates the efficacy of these blocks for patients who undergo breast surgery. Methods A search of the PubMed/MEDLINE database for articles including the terms "post-operative analgesia" OR "postoperative pain management" AND "in plastic surgery" OR "in cosmetic surgery" OR "in elective surgery" in February 2019 generated five studies on elective breast augmentation and reduction mammoplasty that reported pain scores and quantities of opioids consumed. Independent samples t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, and a random effects model were implemented for evaluation. Results A total of 317 patients were identified as having undergone body contouring of the breast, about half of which received a nerve block. Pain scores on a 1-10 scale and opioid dose-equivalents were calculated. Those who were blocked had an average score of 2.40 compared to 3.64 for those who did not (P<0.001), and required an average of 5.20 less narcotic doses (P<0.001). Pain relief following subpectoral augmentation was best achieved with type-II blocks as opposed to type-I and type-II with serratus plane (P<0.001). Conclusions The opioid epidemic has extended to all surgical specialties. Implementation of a nerve block seems to be an efficacious and cost-effective mechanism to not only help with post-operative pain, but also lower the need for narcotics, especially in subpectoral augmentation.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
• /
• 제26권12호
• /
• pp.85-97
• /
• 2021

본 논문에서는 재난 상황에서의 신속하고 효과적인 의사결정 및 대응을 지원하기 위하여 학술 연구 논문의 저자소속 기관을 식별하고 이를 바탕으로 협업관계 분석연구를 수행하였다. 이를 위해 국내 학술지 69종에 수록된 재난안전유형 논문 2,308건을 대상으로 KISTI의 한국과학기술인용색인데이터베이스와 기관식별데이터를 기반으로 실험데이터를 구축하였다. 협업관계 분석은 기관, 기관유형, 기관지역, 대학기관의 단위별로 출현빈도 등의 통계 현황을 비교 분석하고, 사회네트워크분석 기법을 사용하여 각각의 동시출현 네트워크의 기본 속성과 주요 중심성 지수를 산출하고 분석하였다. 또한 단위별 네트워크 협업관계를 전체적으로 조망할 수 있도록 시각화 맵을 생성 및 제시하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 효과적인 재난 대응을 지원하는 기관 및 협업 그룹의 탐색 활동과 관련 정보서비스체계 기반 마련에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• 제39권4호
• /
• pp.249-257
• /
• 2022

This study aimed to evaluate clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for ankle sprains using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II tool, using electronic databases (GIN, PubMed, EMBASE, NCKM, CNKI, CiNii, WanFang database, RISS, and SCOPUS), to suggest strategies for improvement in the future. The search was performed on April 23, 2021 and 10 CPGs were selected for evaluation. Three CPGs were recommended without modification (Class A scores), five were recommended with modification (Class B), and two were not recommended (Class C scores). The CPG domain that received the lowest score was "applicability." The traditional medicine CPGs scored higher [Class A (n = 1) and Class B (n = 1)] than the conventional Western medicine CPGs [Class A (n = 2), Class B (n = 4), and Class C (n = 2)] and were considered to be more methodical. In the future, more research into traditional medicine is required.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
• /
• 제35권2호
• /
• pp.134-142
• /
• 2022

기존의 시행착오를 거쳐 소재를 개발하는 방법은 조금씩 한계를 보이고 있는데, 왜냐하면 산업과 기술이 고도화되고 기능성 소재가 가져야 하는 특성은 복잡해지면서 그 요구치가 높아지고 있기 때문이다. 이를 극복하기 위해 데이터 기반의 인공신경망으로 복잡한 소재 공간을 빠르게 탐색하여 소재 개발을 가속화하고자 하는 연구들이 진행되고 있다. 특히 결정그래프 합성곱 인공신경망은 결정 소재의 구조에 따른 특성을 학습하는 인공신경망으로 소재의 특성(생성 에너지, 밴드갭, 부피 탄성 계수 등)을 양자역학 기반의 제일원리 계산보다 빠르게 예측한다. 본 논문에서는 46,629개의 결정구조 데이터와 그 생성 에너지를 공공데이터베이스에서 불러와 결정그래프 합성곱 인공신경망 모델을 학습시키고 이를 특성 예측에 적용해 보는 예제를 설명한다. 이를 통해 간단한 프로그래밍 지식으로 소재 특성 예측 모델을 재현해 보고 원하는 데이터 셋과 연구 분야에 적용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 인공지능 모델의 개발은 앞으로 더 복잡한 특성을 가져야만 하는 소재의 개발을 위해 넓은 범위의 소재를 탐색해야만 하는 과정을 획기적으로 단축시켜 소재 개발의 가속화를 촉진시킬 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국의류산업학회지
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.81-94
• /
• 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze the trends of MZ generation's lifestyle-related research from 2010 to 2020. As a result of searching keywords such as MZ generation's and lifestyle using academic database search sites, a total of 218 cases were used as analysis data to conduct frequency and content analysis. First, research type was 74 dissertations(34.6%), 144 journals(65.4%). The study of MZ generation was relatively active in journals. Second, the current status of academic field was 85(39.7%) in the social field, followed by 66(30.8%) in the arts/physical education, 21(9.8%) in the complex studies, 16(7.5%) in education, 15(7.0%) in nature, 6(2.8%) in engineering, 4(1.9%) in humanities, 1(0.5%) in agriculture/marine. Third, the current status of MZ generation research topics is 54 social participations(25.3%), 35 fashion/beauty(16.3%), 31 social/organizational adaptations(14.5%), 25 cultural/leisure activities(11.7%), 24 design/development projects(11.2%), 21 economic/employment/job projects(9.8%), 11 educational/career/experiences(5.1%), 9 self-concepts(4.2%), 4 welfare services(1.9%). Fourth, the current status of MZ generation research methods was quantitative research(survey/experiment) 125(58.4%), qualitative research(depth interview/participant observation) 42(19.6%), theory/literature research 35(16.4%) and mixed research 12(5.6%). Fifth, the study on the lifestyle of the MZ generation was conducted in four cases, one in 2016, one in 2019, two in 2020. This study is meaningful in that it grasped the overall flow of data of information exchange that can share the research trends of the MZ generation and suggested the basic data on the direction of future research, the individual tendency, behavior, and lifestyle characteristics of the MZ generation.

• 운동영양학회지
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.25-31
• /
• 2020

[Purpose] Epidemiological evidence has shown that leisure-time physical activity and structured exercise before and after breast cancer diagnosis contribute to reducing the risk of breast cancer recurrence and mortality. Thus, in this review, we aimed to summarize the physical activity-dependent regulation of systemic factors to understand the biological and molecular mechanisms involved in the initiation, progression, and survival of breast cancer. [Methods] We systematically reviewed the studies on 1) the relationship between physical activity and the risk of breast cancer, and 2) various systemic factors induced by physical activity and exercise that are potentially linked to breast cancer outcomes. To perform this literature review, PubMed database was searched using the terms "Physical activity OR exercise" and "breast cancer", until August 5th, 2020; then, we reviewed those articles related to biological mechanisms after examining the resulting search list. [Results] There is strong evidence that physical activity reduces the risk of breast cancer, and the protective effect of physical activity on breast cancer has been achieved by long-term regulation of various circulatory factors, such as sex hormones, metabolic hormones, inflammatory factors, adipokines, and myokines. In addition, physical activity substantially alters wholebody homeostasis by affecting numerous other factors, including plasma metabolites, reactive oxygen species, and microRNAs as well as exosomes and gut microbiota profile, and thereby every cell and organ in the whole body might be ultimately affected by the biological perturbation induced by physical activity and exercise. [Conclusion] The understanding of integrative mechanisms will enhance how physical activity can ultimately influence the risk and prognosis of various cancers, including breast cancer. Furthermore, physical activity could be considered an efficacious non-pharmacological therapy, and the promotion of physical activity is probably an effective strategy in primary cancer prevention.

• 대한한의학회지
• /
• 제43권2호
• /
• pp.92-109
• /
• 2022

Objectives: The objective of this study was to appraise the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) for the treatment of acute gout. Methods: Since no suitable study could be found in the domestic database, we performed a literature search up to the end of December 2020 using four international electronic databases. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effectiveness of EA in the treatment of acute gout were included. The risk of bias was evaluated from the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Results: Eight appropriate RCTs were included and analyzed. Three evaluation tools were mainly used: Total Effective Rate (TER), Uric acid (UA), and Pain score (VAS). In the case of TER, in all eight cases, electroacupuncture alone and combined treatment showed a statistically significant level of improvement compared to Western medicine treatment. In the case of VAS score, electroacupuncture alone and combined treatment showed a more significant effect than Western medicine treatment. In the case of UA level, electroacupuncture combined treatment showed a more significant effect than western medicine treatment. Although not all three evaluation tools were used in all studies, the majority of studies showed that electroacupuncture was effective for acute gout patients. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that EA treatment may be effective for acute gout. It should be noted, however, that the studies included in this study were geographically biased, small in number, and mostly at high risk of bias. More well-designed studies are needed in the future.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제65권1호
• /
• pp.35-46
• /
• 2022

Background: The growing prevalence of overweight and/or obese children is an important public health problem in both developed and developing countries. Although the association of obesity between parents and their children is well known, its underlying mechanisms are not well established. Purpose: This meta-analysis examined parent-child (PC) relationships in obesity and identified factors such as world region and country income level that may influence this relationship. Methods: We identified all related studies published between January 1, 2015 and May 31, 2020 by conducting a literature search using the MeSH terms "obesity," "overweight," "body mass index," "parent," "child," "associate," and "relate" in the PubMed database in English. Results: The meta-analysis of 23 studies that reported an odds ratio (OR) for parent and child obesity associations found a significant association between parents and children who were overweight or obese (pooled OR, 1.97; 95% confidence interval, 1.85-2.10). A meta-regression analysis was used to examine the sources of interstudy heterogeneity. The association between parent and child obesity was higher in Asia than in Europe and the Middle East and higher in high-income countries than in middle-or low-income countries. In addition, a higher association between parent and child obesity was found when both parents were obese than when only the father or mother was obese. This study from multiple countries indicates a significant PC relationship in weight status that varies according to PC pair type, parent and child weight statuses, world region, and country income level. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that the risk of childhood obesity is greatly influenced by parental weight status and indicate that parents could play an important role in preventing child obesity.

• 대한통합의학회지
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.37-52
• /
• 2022

Purpose : The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of electrical stimulation on patients with non-specific low back pain. Methods : Domestic databases were gathered from studies that conducted clinical trials associated with electrical stimulation and its impact on pain of non-specific low back patients. A total of 681 studies were identified, with 12 studies satisfying the inclusion data. The studies consisted of patient, intervention, comparison, outcome, and study design (PICO-SD). The search outcomes were items associated with low back pain. Cochrane risk of bias 2 (RoB 2) was used to evaluate the quality of 12 randomized controlled trials. Effect sizes (Hedges's g) in this study were computed as the corrected standard mean difference (SMD). A random-effect model was used to analyze the effect size because of the high heterogeneity among the studies. Egger's regression and 'trim-and-fill' tests were carried out to analyze the publication bias. Cumulative meta-analysis and sensitivity analysis were conducted to analyze the effect according to the sample size and the consistency of the effect size. Results : The following factors had a large overall effect size (Hedges's g=1.28, 95 % CI=.20~2.36) involving electrical stimulation on non-specific low back pain. The subgroup analysis all showed a statistical difference in the types of study design, electrical stimulation, and assessment tool. No statistically significant difference was found in the meta-regression analysis. Publican bias was found in the data. Conclusion : The findings in this study indicate that electrical stimulation interventions have a positive effect on patients with non-specific low back pain. However, due to the low quality of studies and publication bias, the results of our study should be interpreted cautiously.

• 한국간호교육학회지
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.444-455
• /
• 2022

Purpose: This study explored the meaning of the social perceptions of nurses in online news articles during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: A total of 339 nurse-related articles published in Korean online newspapers from January 1 to December 31, 2020, were extracted by entering various combinations of OR and AND with the four words "Corona," "COVID," "Nursing," and "Nurse" as search keywords using BIGKinds, a news database provided by the Korea Press Foundation. The collected data were analyzed with a keyword network analysis and topic modeling using NetMiner 4. Results: The top keywords extracted from the nurse-related news articles were, in the following order, "metropolitan area," "protective clothing," "government," "task," and "admission." Four topics representing keywords were identified: "encouragement for dedicated nurses," "poor work environment," "front-line nurses working with obligation during the COVID-19 pandemic," and "nurses' efforts to prevent the spread of COVID-19." Conclusion: The media's attention to the dedication of nurses, the shortage of nursing resources, and the need for government support is encouraging in that it forms the public opinion necessary to lead to substantial improvements in treating nurses. The nursing community should actively promote policy proposals to improve treatment toward nurses by utilizing the net function of the media and proactively seek and apply strategies to improve the image of nurses working in various fields.