• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.12
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• pp.29-36
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• 2022

Smart grid (SG) software platforms and communication networks that run and manage the entire grid are increasingly concerned about cyber security. Characteristics of the smart grid networks, including heterogeneity, time restrictions, bandwidth, scalability, and other factors make it difficult to secure. The age-old strategy of "building bigger walls" is no longer sufficient given the rise in the quantity and size of cyberattacks as well as the sophisticated methods threat actor uses to hide their actions. Cyber security experts utilize technologies and procedures to defend IT systems and data from intruders. The primary objective of every organization's cybersecurity team is to safeguard data and information technology (IT) infrastructure. Consequently, further research is required to create guidelines and methods that are compatible with smart grid security. In this study, we have discussed objectives of of smart grid security, challenges of smart grid security, defensive cybersecurity techniques, offensive cybersecurity techniques and open research challenges of cybersecurity.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.183-193
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• 2022

Smart cities are expected to provide residents with convenience via various agents such as CCTV, delivery robots, security robots, and unmanned shuttles. Environmental data collected by various agents can be used for various purposes, including advertising and security monitoring. This study suggests a surveillance map data framework for efficient and integrated multimodal data representation from multi-agents. The suggested surveillance map is a multilayered global information grid, which is integrated from the multimodal data of each agent. To confirm this, we collected surveillance map data for 4 months, and the behavior patterns of humans and vehicles, distribution changes of elevation, and temperature were analyzed. Moreover, we represent an anomaly detection algorithm based on a surveillance map for security service. A two-stage anomaly detection algorithm for unusual situations was developed. With this, abnormal situations such as unusual crowds and pedestrians, vehicle movement, unusual objects, and temperature change were detected. Because the surveillance map enables efficient and integrated processing of large multimodal data from a multi-agent, the suggested data framework can be used for various applications in the smart city.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.71-81
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• 2009

To the cause of the development of IT technology and the Internet, information leakage of industry is also facing a serious situation. However, most of the existing techniques to prevent leakage of information disclosure after finding the cause of defense. Therefore, in this paper by adding information about the Hardware to offer a way to protect the information. User authentication information to access the data according to different security policies to reflect a little more to strengthen security. And the security agent for the data by using a log of all actions by the record was so easy to analyze. It also analyzes and apply the different scenarios possible. And the analysis of how to implement and how to block. The future without the use of security agents to be able to control access to data and H/W information will be updated for the study will be done.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2002.07a
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• pp.313-316
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• 2002

This paper presents the design and implementation of a crypto processor, a special-purpose microprocessor optimized for the execution of cryptography algorithms. This crypto processor can be used fur various security applications such as storage devices, embedded systems, network routers, etc. The crypto processor consists of a 32-bit RISC processor block and a coprocessor block dedicated to the SEED and triple-DES (data encryption standard) symmetric key crypto (cryptography) algorithms. The crypto processor has been designed and fabricated as a single VLSI chip using 0.5 $\mu\textrm{m}$ CMOS technology. To test and demonstrate the capabilities of this chip, a custom board providing real-time data security for a data storage device has been developed. Testing results show that the crypto processor operates correctly at a working frequency of 30MHz and a bandwidth o1240Mbps.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.97-119
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• 2023

The number of industrial Internet of Things (IoT) users is increasing rapidly. Lightweight block ciphers have started to be used to protect the privacy of users. Hardware-oriented security design should fully consider the use of fewer hardware devices when the function is fully realized. Thus, this paper designs a lightweight block cipher IIoTBC for industrial IoT security. IIoTBC system structure is variable and flexibly adapts to nodes with different security requirements. This paper proposes a 4×4 S-box that achieves a good balance between area overhead and cryptographic properties. In addition, this paper proposes a preprocessing method for 4×4 S-box logic gate expressions, which makes it easier to obtain better area, running time, and power data in ASIC implementation. Applying it to 14 classic lightweight block cipher S-boxes, the results show that is feasible. A series of performance tests and security evaluations were performed on the IIoTBC. As shown by experiments and data comparisons, IIoTBC is compact and secure in industrial IoT sensor nodes. Finally, IIoTBC has been implemented on a temperature state acquisition platform to simulate encrypted transmission of temperature in an industrial environment.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.383-393
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• 2013

Data stream mining is a technique to obtain the useful information by analyzing the data generated in real time. In data stream mining technology, frequent itemset mining is a method to find the frequent itemset while data is transmitting, and these itemsets are used for the purpose of pattern analyze and marketing in various fields. Existing techniques of finding frequent itemset mining are having problems when a malicious attacker sniffing the data, it reveals data provider's real-time information. These problems can be solved by using a method of inserting dummy data. By using this method, a attacker cannot distinguish the original data from the transmitting data. In this paper, we propose a method for privacy preserving frequent itemset mining by using the technique of inserting dummy data. In addition, the proposed method is effective in terms of calculation because it does not require encryption technology or other mathematical operations.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.103-109
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• 2007

Payment and security requirement are playing an increasingly critical role in RFID system, allegedly the core of the ubiquitous, especially in logistics. Therefore, security technology has been playing essential role gradually unlike the past when only the perception of equipment was considered important technology. The current encoding system allows the access only to the user who has the secret key. Many encoding algorithm has been studied to ensure the security of secret key. Security protocol is the most typical way to authorize appropriate user perception by using the data and secret key to proceed the encoding and transmit it to the system in order to confirm the user. However, RFID system which transmits more than dozens of data per second cannot be used if the algorithm and protocol of the existing wired system are used because the performance will degrade as a consequence. Security protocol needs to be designed in consideration of property of RFID and hardware. In this paper, a protocol was designed using SNEP(Sensor Network Encryption Protocol), the security protocol used for the sensor similar to RFID- not the current system used in wired environment- and ECC (Elliptic Curve Cryptography: oval curve encoding), the encoding algorithm.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.2719-2735
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• 2015

In the cloud environment, users pay more attentions to their data security since all of them are stored in the cloud server. Researchers have proposed many mutual authentication schemes for the access control of the cloud server by using the smart card to protect the sensitive data. However, few of them can resist from the smart card lost problem and provide both of the forward security and the backward security. In this paper, we propose a novel authentication scheme for cloud computing which can address these problems and also provide the anonymity for the user. The trick we use is using the password, the smart card and the public key technique to protect the processes of the user's authentication and key exchange. Under the Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDH) assumption, it is provably secure in the random oracle model. Compared with the existing smart card based authentication schemes in the cloud computing, the proposed scheme can provide better security degree.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.41-49
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• 2007

USIM(UMTS Subscriber Identity Module) technology that accept 3GPP(3rd Generation Partnership Project) standards for information security supports security function in 3GPP. Supported security functions of USIM are confidentiality of user identity, mutual authentication and key agreement between end user and network, confidentiality of user data and data integrity. It is very important technology in wireless network. It makes secure environment that user and service provider can use securely mobile service in network. In this paper, design and implementation USIM security module that supports common network access method and authentication protocol in 3GPP and WLAN(Wireless LAN) and AAA (3A-Authentication Authorization Accounting) server system based RADIUS.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institutes of Information Security and Cryptology Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.123-132
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• 2006

Biometric-based authentication can provide strong security guarantee about the identity of users. However, security of biometric data is particularly important as the compromise of the data will be permanent. To protect the biometric data, we need to store it in a non-invertible transformed version. Thus, even if the transformed version is compromised, the actual biometric data remains safe. In this paper, we propose an approach to protect finger-print templates by using the idea of the fuzzy vault. Fuzzy vault is a recently developed cryptographic construct to secure critical data with the fingerprint data in a way that only the authorized user can access the secret by providing the valid fingerprint. We modify the fuzzy vault to protect fingerprint templates and to perform fingerprint verification with the protected template at the same time. This is challenging because the fingerprint verification is performed in the domain of the protected form. Based on the experimental results, we confirm that the proposed approach can perform the fingerprint verification with the protected template.