• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.2581-2594
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• 2018

The microcell terrain is the most common wireless network terrain in our life. In order to solve wireless network optimization of weak coverage in the microcell terrain, improve call quality and reduce the cost of the premise, power amplifiers in base stations should be adjusted according to user volume. In this paper, characteristics of microcell topography are obtained after analysis. According to the topography characteristics of different microcells, changes in the number of users at different times have been estimated, meanwhile, the number of scatter users are also obtained by monitoring the PCCPCH RSCP and other parameters. Then B-Spline interpolation method has been applied to scatter users to obtain the continuous relationship between the number of users and time. On this basis, power amplification can be chosen according to changes in the number of users. The methods adopted by this paper are also applied in the engineering practice, sampling and interpolation are used to obtain the number of users at all times, so that the power amplification can be adjusted by the number of users in a microcell. Such a method is able to optimize wireless network and achieve a goal of expanding the area of base stations, reduce call drop rate and increase capacity.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.175-180
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• 2006

The horizontal to vertical ratio technique in spectral domain is a common useful technique to estimate empircal site transfer function. The technique, originally proposed by Nakamura, is porposed to analyse the surface waves in the micortremor records. The purpose of this paper is to estimate spectral ratio using observed data at the seismic stations in Korean Peninsula from the Fukuoka earthquake including many aftershocks. The results show that most of the stations have fairly good amplification factors. However, some of the stations show that very high amplification factors at narrow high frequency band. Those stations which have very high amplification factors seem to do some kind of mechanical consideration for quality observation.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.8
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• pp.2519-2522
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• 2014

Recently, the observation of the electrocatalytic behavior of individual nanoparticles (NPs) by electrochemical amplification method has been reported. For example, the Iridium oxide ($IrO_x$) NP collision on the Pt UME was observed via electrocatalytic water oxidation. However, the bare Pt UME had poor reproducibility for the observation of NP collision signal and required an inconvenient surface pre-treatment for the usage. In this manuscript, we has been investigated other metal electrode such as Cu UME for the reproducible data analysis and convenient use. The $IrO_x$ NP collision was successively observed on the bare Cu UME and the reproducibility in collision frequency was improved comparing with previous case using the $NaBH_4$ pre-treated Pt UME. Also, the adhesion coefficient between NP and the Cu UME was studied for better understanding of the single NP collision system.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-18
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• 2012

The spatial variation of ground motion in Kolkata Metropolitan District (KMD) has been estimated by generating synthetic ground motion considering the point source model coupled with site response analysis. The most vulnerable source was identified from regional seismotectonic map for an area of about 350 km radius around Kolkata. The rock level acceleration time histories at 121 borehole locations in Kolkata for the vulnerable source, Eocene Hinge Zone, due to maximum credible earthquake (MCE) moment magnitude 6.2 were generated by synthetic ground motion model. Soil investigation data of 121 boreholes were collected from the report of Soil Data Bank Project, Jadavpur University, Kolkata. Surface level ground motion parameters were determined using SHAKE2000 software. The results are presented in the form of peak ground acceleration (PGA) at rock level and ground surface, amplification factor, and the response spectra at the ground surface for frequency 1.5 Hz, 3 Hz, 5 Hz and 10 Hz and 5% damping ratio. Site response study shows higher PGA in comparison with rock level acceleration. Maximum amplification in some portion in KMD area is found to be as high as 3.0 times compared to rock level.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.40-51
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• 2016

The problem has been pointed out that the domestic design response spectrum does not reflect site amplification, particularly in the high frequency bands, including the fact that site specific response spectrum from the observed ground motions appears relatively higher than design response spectrum. Among various methods, this study applied H/V spectral ratio of ground motion for estimating site amplification. This method, originated from S waves and Rayleigh waves, recently has been extended to Coda waves and background noise for estimating site amplification. For limited time of periods, 4 electric substation sites had operated seismic stations at two separate locations (bedrock and borehole) within each substation site. H/V spectral ratio of S wave, Coda wave, and background noise, was applied to 36 accelerations of 3 macro earthquakes (Odaesan, Jeju and Gongju earthquakes), larger than magnitude 3.4. observed simultaneously at each bedrock location within 4 electric substation sites. Site amplifications at the bedrock location of 4 sites were compared among S wave, Coda wave energy, and background noise, and then compared to the previous results from the borehole location data. The site classification was also tried using resonancy frequency information at each site and location. The results suggested that all the electric substation sites showed similar site amplification patterns among S wave, Coda wave, and background noise. Each station showed its own characteristics of site amplification property in low, high and specific resonance frequency ranges. Comparison of this study to other results using different method can give us much more information about dynamic amplification of domestic sites characteristics and site classification.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.16 no.6 s.65
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• pp.486-494
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• 2006

The horizontal to vertical (H/V) ratio technique in spectral domain is a common useful technique to estimate empirical site transfer function. The technique, originally proposed by Nakamura, is proposed to analyse the surface waves in the micrortremor records. The purpose of this paper is to estimate spectral ratio using observed data at the seismic stations distributed within Southern Korean Peninsula from the Fukuoka earthquake including 11 aftershocks. The results show that most of the stations have fairly good amplification characteristics in low frequency band. However, some of the seismic stations show one (resonant frequency specific to the site) or several local peaks of amplification factors with narrow high frequency band. Even though the site amplification characteristics are important information, we should be careful to analyse the observed ground motions from the seismic stations which have several very high amplification peaks for the deconvolution of seismic source and attenuation parameters.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.1388-1396
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• 2003

The hydrodynamic instability of the three-dimensional boundary layer on a rotating disk introduces a periodic modulation of the mean flow in the form of stationary cross flow vortices. The instability labeled Type II by Faller occurs first at lower Reynolds number than that of well known Type I instability. Detailed numerical values of the amplification rates, neutral curves and other characteristics of the two instabilities have been calculated over a wide range of parameters. Presented are the neutral stability results concerning the two instability modes by solving the appropriate linear stability equations reformulated not only by considering whole convective terms but also by correcting some errors in the previous stability equations. The present stability results agree with the previously known ones within reasonable limit. Consequently, the flow is found to be always stable for a disturbance whose dimensionless wave number is greater than 0.75. Some spatial amplification contours have been computed for the stationary disturbance wave, whose azimuth angle $\varepsilon$= 11.29$^{\circ}$ to 15$^{\circ}$ and for the moving disturbance wave, whose azimuth angle $\varepsilon$ = 12.5$^{\circ}$ to 15$^{\circ}$. Also, some temporal amplification contours have been computed for the stationary disturbance wave, whose azimuth angle $\varepsilon$= 11.29$^{\circ}$ to 15$^{\circ}$ and for the moving disturbance wave, whose azimuth angle $\varepsilon$= 12$^{\circ}$ to 15$^{\circ}$. The flow instability was observed by using a white titanium tetrachloride gas over rotating disk system. When the numerical results are compared to the present experimental data, the numerical results agree quantitatively, indicating the existence of the selective frequency mechanism.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.439-443
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• 2000

In order to evaluate the safety of greenhouse horticulture products in Korea, we carried out this work by screening of Fusarium species, which produce deoxynivalenol (DON) from greenhouse horticulture in Western Gyeongnam and Northern Gyeongbuk, Korea. For this study, high sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ALP/NADP method, was applied to detection of DON by enzyme amplification system. From 192 samples of greenhouse horticulture soil and its products, 103 isolates of Fusarium species were obtained. The isolates were cultured at 28C for 15 days and the cultured mediums were extracted by ethyl acetate. The production of DON was verified by thin layer chromatography (TLC). As the results of TLC, 8 strains were identified as DON producing strain. We screened potential producers of DON by ALP/NADP. The levels of DON production were shown from 0.007 to 1.21 g/ml of YES medium. The maximum DON producing strain No. 32-D-3 was isolated from soil in Namhae, Korea. In conclusion, the above results indicate that DON producing fungi contaminated greenhouse horticulture products in Korea. Therefore, further studies are required to accumulate more detailed data about the contamination of DON in various cereals.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.273-281
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• 2014

In most current seismic design codes, design earthquake ground motions are defined by a reference spectrum, based on bedrock and site amplification factors that quantify the geotechnical dynamic conditions. Earthquake engineering bedrock is the fundamental geotechnical formation where the seismic waves are attenuated without amplification. To better define bedrock in an earthquake engineering context, shear wave velocity ($V_S$ ) data obtained from in-situ seismic tests were examined for several rock strata in Korea; these data were categorized by borehole drilling investigations. The $V_S$ values for most soft rock data in Korea are > 750 m/s, which is the threshold $V_S$ value for identifying engineering bedrock from a strong motion station. Conversely, VS values are < 750 m/s for 60% of $V_S$ data in weathered rock in Korea. Thus, the soft (or harder) rock strata below the weathered rock layer in Korea can be regarded as earthquake engineering bedrock.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
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• v.53 no.8
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• pp.421-431
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• 2004

Line constants are composed by impedances and susceptances. A paper which was published estimated only impedances of line constants. Therefore, this paper estimates susceptances as well as impedances of equivalent five-conductors model using the reduced equivalent method. In order to verify estimated line constants, we measured line constants of real railway system. And we compared calculated results with measured data on 60Hz∼3000Hz. For the other verification, the calculation results from the proposed model and the measurement data from the test are compared focused on the amplification of harmonic current in the paper.