• 패션비즈니스
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.11-22
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• 2008

The goal of this study is to provide beauticians with the fundamental material to use effectively heat permanent wave in beauty industry as well as their customer's satisfaction. It carried out an experiment with damaged hair of a woman in her late twenties to investigate the change of physical and morphological characteristics by its water content when performing heat permanent wave. After spreading 0g, 1g, 2g, 3g, and 4g of water on damaged hair respectively, heat permanent wave was treated and the change of hair was observed. The change of physical characteristic was compared through permanent wave form of hair, tensile strength and elongation. The change of morphological characteristic was observed through Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscope(TEM). The result of experiment on the physical specificity revealed that permanent wave form was the most ideal when the water content was 2g, also 3g. Though the materials with much moisture content formed the results were not satisfied. The material with 0g of water content didn't make the wave. In terms of tensile strength and elongation, tensile strength was generally reduced as per the damaged degree of hair. On the contrary, elongation was increased. It observed the changes of morphological characteristic that the damage on hair cuticle was deepen, as its moisture content was decreased, and cuticle's surface was worn away. The observation of fine structure on hair section by transmission electronic microscope also certainly showed the result that damaged hair having experience with chemical treatment had got much damaged to hair cuticle as well as hair cortex. Generally chemical treatment makes hair damaged. Under consideration of this aspect, the ultimate goal of this thesis is to minimize the damage of hair caused by chemical treatment and get the satisfaction on the hair style. According to the result of experiment, the damaged hair whose moisture content was 3g showed the best permanent wave form.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.191-195
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• 2013

Cordyceps militaris (CM) occurring from a fruiting body by a host insect is a kind of mushroom, which is composed of animal host and plant fruit body. CM contains large amounts of useful ingredients including polysaccharides, vitamins, amino acids, minerals, etc. The essential amino acids from CM including cystine, lysine, and methionine can be expected to improve damaged hair treatment as effective ingredients. In this study, the improvement effect of the CM extracts on chemical and physical properties for damaged-hair treatment was investigated. The cysteic acid and cystine monooxide produced by oxidation of cystine were analyzed their chemical structure by FT-IR spectroscopy. It was confirmed that the vibration absorption peak ($1,041cm^{-1}$) of cysteic acid was reduced and increased sulfur content considerably which means meaningful improvement effect on damaged-hair treatment. Apparently, the cuticle morphology of the damaged-hair was improved significantly by treatment with CM extracts. Especially, confocal laser scanning microscope images of the damaged-hair treated with the extract showed highly increased fluorescence intensity which means promising effect in hair treatment. The tensile strength of the damaged hair treated also increased by 168% compared with the damaged hair.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.256-269
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• 2011

Omega-3 fatty acids are a specific type of unsaturated fat that the body cannot manufacture on its own, so they must be obtained from food which is essential fatty acids (EFAs). Omega-3 fatty acids consist of three types which are a-Linolenic Acid (ALA), Eicosapentaenoic (ELA), and Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA). Especially, EFAs help to prevent skin and hair drying, acne, eczema, prevention from allergies, brittle nails, rashes, and tiny lumps. The aim of this study is to investigate improvement and protection for hair damaged by chemical treatment with omega-3 formulated shampoo. We selected virgin hair sample and divided into two groups for bleaching once and three times and then damaged hair by changing the number of hair bleaching (twice with interval of 15 minutes). Each bleached hair was treated by five different kinds of shampoo (Control, Horse shampoo, DHA shampoo, EPA shampoo, Omega-3 shampoo mixture). Apart from this, EPA/DHA 2, 5, 8, 10 and 12% shampoo were prepared and treated to hair for comparing rate of progress in damaged hair. To quantify improved condition of damaged hair, we performed Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) for ultrastructure of damaged hair fraction, measurement of thickness change and BCA Protein Assay for recovery rate of damaged hair. The moisture in hair was measured by Thermal analysis machine. In results, we observed the particle of hair surface damaged by bleaching treatment were well improved with treatment with EPA and DHA shampoo. Also, quantity of protein was lowered with higher concentration of EPA & DHA i.e., 8 and 12 % then compared with horse oil shampoo in three times treatment group. It shows that bleached hair have been recovered by treating rapidly and get protective coat. In conclusion, EPA and DHA shampoo improved damaged hair, especially with EPA / DHA 12% shampoo. Also, EPA shampoo could protect the damaged hair depending on increasing concentration of EPA. Therefore, we conclude omega-3 shampoo could make damaged hair protect and get healthy hair environment.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.614-622
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• 2022

본 연구는 라벤더추출물을 첨가한 제형제를 제조하여 손상된 모발에 도포할 때 미치는 영향에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다. 실험재료는 라벤더추출물 함량을 0 g, 3 g, 6 g, 9 g 으로 펌베이스제에 첨가하여 제조하였다. 제조한 제형제로 4개의 손상 모발 시료에 도포하여 비교 분석하였다. 손상 모발에 미치는 영향에 대한 측정방법은 인장강도, 메틸렌블루를 이용한 흡광도, 광택을 측정하였다. 연구결과의 신뢰성을 위해 통계분석을 하였다. 인장강도 측정결과는 8레벨에 6 g 과 9 g 을 함유한 제형제로 도포 한 시료의 인장강도가 증가하여 손상모발에 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있었다. 메틸렌블루를 이용한 흡광도 분석 결과 추출물을 첨가하여 도포 한 모든 시료의 흡광도가 감소하여 손상모발에 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있었다. 광택 측정 결과는 9 g 첨가시에 손상모발에 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있었다. 결론은 라벤더추출물이 손상된 모발에 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있어 모질 개선효과가 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.36-45
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• 2024

본 연구는 아보카도 오일을 첨가한 제형제를 제조하여 손상된 모발에 도포할 때 미치는 영향에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다. 실험재료는 아보카도 오일 함량을 0 g, 3 g, 6 g, 9 g 으로 펌베이스제에 첨가하여 제조하였다. 제조한 제형제로 4개의 손상 모발 시료에 도포하여 비교 분석하였다. 손상 모발에 미치는 영향에 대한 측정 방법은 인장강도, 메틸렌블루를 이용한 흡광도, 광택을 측정하였다. 연구 결과의 신뢰성을 위해 통계분석을 하였다. 인장강도 측정 결과는 시료에 6 g 과 9 g 을 함유한 제형제로 도포 한 시료의 인장강도가 증가하여 손상모발에 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있었다. 메틸렌블루를 이용한 흡광도 분석 결과 오일을 첨가하여 도포 한 모든 시료의 흡광도가 감소하여 손상모발에 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있었다. 광택 측정 결과는 6 g 과 9 g 첨가 시에 손상모발에 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있었다. 결론은 아보카도 오일이 손상된 모발에 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있어 모질 개선효과가 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.294-302
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• 2022

본 연구는 바질 오일을 첨가한 모질 개선 제형제를 제조 후 손상된 모발에 도포하여 손상 모발의 개선 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 실험원료로 바질 오일 함량을 0 g, 3 g 6 g, 9 g 으로 다르게 하여 펌베이스제에 첨가하여 제형제를 제조하였다. 제조한 제형제로 8레벨의 탈색한 시료 모발에 도포하였다. 각 시료와 손상모를 측정하여 비교 분석하였다. 측정방법은 모질 개선 효과를 알기 위해 인장강도, 메틸렌블루를 이용한 흡광도, 광택을 측정하였다. 연구결과의 신뢰성을 위해 통계분석을 하였다. 연구결과로 인장강도 측정결과는 바질 오일을 첨가하여 도포 한 모든 시료에서 손상모보다 인장강도가 증가함을 알 수 있었다. 메틸렌블루를 이용한 흡광도 분석결과 모든 시료에서 손상모보다 흡광도가 감소함을 알 수 있었다. 광택 측정결과는 모든 시료에서 손상모보다 광택이 증가함을 알 수 있었다. 결론은 바질 오일이 손상된 모발에 개선 효과가 있는 것을 알 수 있었다. 차후 다양한 오일의 종류와 연구방법으로의 연구가 필요하다.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.23-33
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• 2008

The physico-chemical characteristics by bleaching treatments were assessed by several instrumental analyses such as surface morphology, chemical structural change, color change as well as tensile strength. The change of morphological characteristic was observed through scanning electron microscope(SEM). The observation of the fine structure on hair surface by SEM showed the bleached hair had much damaged to hair cuticle, and some of cuticle surface were worn away. To investigate the chemical structural changes in hair keratin, the cross-sections of hair samples were directly analysed using Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy(FT-IRM). The results showed the cysteic acid S=O band intensity was distinctively increased by performing the bleaching treatment. The cleavage of cystine was appeared to proceed primarily through the sulfur-sulfur (-S-S-) fission whereby cysteic acid was formed as a principal oxidation products. The distribution of amide I band in hair keratin was determined by attenuated total reflectance(ATR) FT-IR mapping image. The results showed that the outer side of hair cortex was more damaged than the inner side of the hair cortex. Also, during chemical bleaching of the hair with alkaline peroxide, the hair was turned to reddish yellow due to the oxidative degradation of eumelanin. This means the eumelanin is more unstable than pheomelanin in chemical oxidation. With bleaching, the tensile strength was also reduced as a results of the chemical oxidation.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.471-478
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• 2022

본 연구는 손상된 모발의 개선 효과를 알기 위해 바바수오일을 첨가한 모질 개선 제형제를 제조 후 손상된 모발에 도포하여 실험 하였다. 실험 원료로 바바수오일 함량을 0 g, 3 g, 6 g, 9 g 으로 다르게 하여 펌 베이스제에 첨가하였다. 제조한 제형제로 8레벨의 탈색한 시료 모발에 도포하여 각 시료와 손상모를 측정하여 비교 분석하였다. 측정방법은 모질 개선 효과를 알기 위해 인장강도, 메틸렌블루를 이용한 흡광도, 광택을 측정하였다. 연구결과의 신뢰성을 위해 통계분석을 하였다. 연구결과로 인장강도 측정결과는 바바수오일을 첨가하여 도포 한 모든 시료에서 손상모보다 인장강도가 증가함을 알 수 있었다. 메틸렌블루를 이용한 흡광도 분석결과 모든 시료에서 손상모보다 흡광도가 감소함을 알 수 있었다. 광택 측정결과는 모든 시료에서 손상모보다 광택이 증가함을 알 수 있었다. 결론은 바바수오일이 손상된 모발에 개선 효과가 있는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.351-356
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• 2001

The purpose of these experiments is to improve the perm techniques which are fast growing and changing in our life style, for customer satisfaction and to use as basic data for academic purpose through comparing between two methods which are the new permanent wave treatment and the old one. I classified the hair samples to three kinds, which are healthy, normal, and damaged hair. This study is focused on the top part of hair sample which is damaged by strong and long-time sunshine. To get the best result, I use the scanning electron microscope (JSM-5200) as main device of these experiments. The followings are the results of these experiments. First, the new way of permanent wave technique has much more damage on hair than the old one. Second, There are big differences of damaging in this study. The harmed hair has worse result than the healthier hair.

• Korea Journal of Cosmetic Science
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2020

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of various pentapeptides on hair repair depending on the characteristics of comprising amino acids using crosslinking agents in hair. Total ten peptides were synthesized with two kinds of amino acids respectively, of which were previously categorized according to R group of the amino acids contributing to the characteristic of each peptide: STTSS (Ser-Thr-Thr-Ser-Ser), LIILL (Leu-Ile-Ile-Leu-Leu), CMMCC (Cys-Met-Met-Cys-Cys), DEEDD (Asp-Glu-Glu-Asp-Asp), RKKRR (Arg-Lys-Lys-Arg-Arg), TAMRA-STTSS, TAMRA-LIILL, TAMRA-CMMCC, TAMRA-DEEDD, and TAMRA-RKKRR. Pentapeptide alone, or pentapeptides with crosslinking agents such as polymeric carbodiimide (PCI) and 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) were treated to chemically damaged hair. Hair diameter and break strength (N = 40/case) were measured to calculate tensile strength of hair for computing hair repair ratio, and fluorescence yields (N = 20/case) were collected for hair treated with TAMRA-peptides. The tensile strength of hair treated with pentapeptides alone, or pentapeptides with cross-linking agents is consistent with the fluorescence yield from the microscope images of the cross-sectioned hair in vision and in numerical values. Pentapeptides consisting of hydrophobic amino acids (LIILL), amino acids with sulfur (CMMCC), and basic amino acids (RKKRR) increased the tensile strength in perm-damaged hair. Pentapeptides with no extra carboxyl/amine groups in R group of amino acids resulted in no significant differences in hair strength and fluorescence yield among hairs treated with alone and with crosslinkers. Pentapeptides with extra carboxyl groups or amine groups enabled further strengthening of hair due to increased bonds within the hair after carbodiimide coupling reaction. The hair repairs of pentapeptides with various amino acid sequences were studied using crosslinking. Depending on the physical characteristics of comprising amino acids, the restoration of damaged hair was observed with tensile strength of hair and fluorescence signals upon cross-sectioned hair in parallel to possibly understand the binding tendency of each pentapeptide within the hair.