• 환경영향평가
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.705-716
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• 2011

For the efficient discovery of knowledge and information from the observed systems, data mining techniques can be an useful tool for the prediction of water quality at intake station in rivers. Deterioration of water quality can be caused at intake station in dry season due to insufficient flow. This demands additional outflow from dam since some extent of deterioration can be attenuated by dam reservoir operation to control outflow considering predicted water quality. A seasonal occurrence of high ammonia nitrogen ($NH_3$-N) concentrations has hampered chemical treatment processes of a water plant in Geum river. Monthly flow allocation from upstream dam is important for downstream $NH_3$-N control. In this study, prediction models of water quality based on multiple regression (MR), artificial neural network and data mining methods were developed to understand water quality variation and to support dam operations through providing predicted $NH_3$-N concentrations at intake station. The models were calibrated with eight years of monthly data and verified with another two years of independent data. In those models, the $NH_3$-N concentration for next time step is dependent on dam outflow, river water quality such as alkalinity, temperature, and $NH_3$-N of previous time step. The model performances are compared and evaluated by error analysis and statistical characteristics like correlation and determination coefficients between the observed and the predicted water quality. It is expected that these data mining techniques can present more efficient data-driven tools in modelling stage and it is found that those models can be applied well to predict water quality in stream river systems.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.1047-1058
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• 2003

겨울철에 금강하류에서는 암모니아성 질소(NH3-N) 농도가 주기적으로 높게 검출되어, 부여지점에서 취수하는 정수장의 수처리 공정에 큰 장애가 되고 있다. 질소농도 저하와 소독부산물 생성 억제를 위해 종종 대청댐의 추가 방류가 검토되고 있으나, 방류량과 직소농도 관계의 정량적 분석에 어려움이 있었다. 본 연구에서는 8년간의 일별 수질자료와 댐 방류량 자료를 이용하여 겨울철(12월∼3월) 동안 일별 NH3-N 농도를 예측할 수 있는 다중회귀모형을 개발하고, 최근 2년간의 자료를 이용하여 모형을 검증하였다. 모형 개발과정에서 모의값은 실측값과의 결정계수와 모형효율이 모두 0.95 이상으로 높게 나타났다. 검증과정에서는 각각 0.84∼0.94와 0.77∼0.93으로써 신뢰도가 약간 떨어졌지만, 방류량과 하류의 NH3-N 농도 관계를 분석하는데 충분히 활용가능 한 것으로 평가되었다. 모형은 갈수기 동안 댐 방류량이 NH3-N 농도 저감에 미친 효과를 분석하는데 사용되었다. 1∼3월 동안 방류량을 5 에서 50cms까지 증가시켜 파며 모의한 결과, NH3-N 농도는 평균 0.332∼0.583 mg/L 감소하였으며 2월에 가장 큰 저감효과가 나타났다. 개발된 다중회귀 수질모의기법은 충분한 실측자료가 확보된 경우에 수치모형이 요구하는 광범위한 경계조건 자료 없이도 댐 방류량과 하천수질의 인과관계를 분석하는데 유용하게 활용가능 할 것으로 기대된다

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.537-545
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• 2018

설계홍수량 산정 시 도달시간과 같은 시간매개변수의 결정은 매우 중요한 요소이다. 도달시간은 주로 홍수 및 하천관리를 위해 이용되고 있으며, 평수기의 도달시간은 하천의 유지유량 및 이수관리를 위해 이용되고 있다. 자연하천에 대한 도달시간 산정은 주로 유역의 지형학적 인자를 기반으로 산정하고 있으며, 지형학적 인자 이외에 유출곡선지수, 유속, 강우강도의 인자를 고려하여 도달시간을 산정하고 있다. 그러나 재현기간별 강우조건과 토양함수상태를 함께 고려한 도달시간의 산정연구는 부재한 상황이다. 따라서 본 연구는 재현기간별 강우조건과 토양함수상태를 고려하여 임진강의 황강댐과 임진교 수위관측소 구간을 자연하천으로 설정한 경우와 황강댐의 방류량 조건에 따라 임진교 수위관측소에 도달하는 경우로 구분하여 도달시간을 산정하였다. 자연하천으로 설정한 구간에 대해서는 기 개발된 도달시간 산정방법과 비교 검토를 통해 결과를 입증하였으며, 이를 토대로 황강댐의 방류량 조건별 도달시간을 산정하였다. 본 연구에서 제시된 도달시간은 임진강 유역의 홍수관리와 황강댐 방류시 위험에 대비할 수 있는 시간을 확보할 수 있다.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.87-94
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to analysis the pollutant loading of Chin yang Reservoir according to the variation of outflow. Regression equation of the pollutant loading and outflow was represented as $L=a\;Q^b$ in which L = pollutant loading(kg/day), a and b = regression coefficient, and Q = outflow($m^3/day$). Regression coefficients ($R^2$) of Sanchung, Sinan and Changchon site was in range of 0.8376 to 0.9818. Therefore the pollutant loading was good correlated with outflow. Changchon site had minimum b value because outflow of pollutant was little compared with rainfall. The SS was the highest b value 1.621~1.7834 among water quality parameters because the pollutant loading of SS was much affected by outflow. Also, the pollutant loadings per area could be calculated and compared in case of the dry season, normal season and flood season. The pollutant loading in the normal and flood season except the dry season were higher in order of Sanchung, Sinan and Changchon site. Pollutant loading per area were higher in order of Sinan, Sanchung and Changchon site. When it compared with pollutant loading per area calculated using pollutant unit loading, T-N was much different each other.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제17권11호
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• pp.1281-1293
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• 2008

This study aims at the estimation of dam failure time and dam failure scenario analysis of and applied to Yeoncheon Dam which was collapsed August 1st 1999, using HEC-HMS, DAMBRK-FLDWAV simulation model. As the result of the rainfall-runoff simulation, the lancet flood amount of the Yeoncheon Dam site was $10,324\;m^3/sec$ and the total outflow was $1,263.90\;million\;m^3$. For the dam failure time estimation, 13 scenarios were assumed including dam failure duration time and starting time, which reviewed to the runoff results. The simulation time was established with 30 minutes intervals between one o'clock to 4 o'clock in the morning on August 1, 1999 for the setup standard for each case of the dam failure time estimation, considering the arrival time of the flood, when the actually measured water level was sharply raising at Jeongok station area of the Yeoncheon Dam downstream, As results, dam failure arrival time could be estimated at 02:45 a.m., August 1st 1999 and duration time could be also 30 minutes. Those results and procedure could suggest how and when dam failure occurs and analyzes.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 2003년도 학술발표논문집
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• pp.495-498
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• 2003

In order to analyze water supply capacity in estuary barrage dam, a system was developed in which base model was consisted of daily water balance model and daily inflow model. Agricultural water demand to paddy fields and domestic and industrial water demand were considered in this daily water balance model. Also outflow volume through sluice gate and inside water level at time to start outflow was conditioned initially to simulate reservoir storage. The DAWAST model was selected to simulate daily reservoir inflow in which return flows from agricultural, domestic and industrial water were included to simulate runoff. Using this developed system, water supply capacity in the Keum river estuary reservoir was analyzed.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2005년도 학술발표회(1)
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• pp.751-752
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• 2005

• Water Engineering Research
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.143-153
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• 2002

As the natural flows in rivers dramatically decrease during drought season in Korea, a deterioration of river water quality is accelerated. Thus, consideration of downstream water quality responding to changes in reservoir release is essential for an integrated watershed management with regards to water quantity and quality. In this study, water quality models based on artificial neural networks (ANNs) method were developed using historical downstream water quality (rm $\NH_3$-N) data obtained from a water treatment plant in Geum river and reservoir release data from Daechung dam. A nonlinear multiple regression model was developed and compared with the ANN models. In the models, the rm NH$_3$-N concentration for next time step is dependent on dam outflow, river water quality data such as pH, alkalinity, temperature, and rm $\NH_3$-N of previous time step. The model parameters were estimated using monthly data from Jan. 1993 to Dec. 1998, then another set of monthly data between Jan. 1999 and Dec. 2000 were used for verification. The predictive performance of the models was evaluated by comparing the statistical characteristics of predicted data with those of observed data. According to the results, the ANN models showed a better performance than the regression model in the applied cases.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.293-301
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 댐 유역의 가뭄 관리를 위한 강수량의 적정 임계수준을 결정하였다. 5개 댐 유역(보령댐, 부안댐, 대청댐, 합천댐 및 용담댐)을 대상으로 일단위 저수량 및 강수량 자료를 수집하였고, 유역평균강수량을 계산하였다. 6개 누적기간(30, 60, 90, 180, 270 및 360일)의 값으로 변환하였고, 일 단위 저수량 및 누적강수량의 예년대비 백분율을 계산하였다. 강수량의 적정 누적기간 결정을 위해 상관성 및 변동성을 분석하였다. 모든 댐에서 90일 이하의 누적 강수량은 댐 홍수기를 제외하고는 상관성이 낮았고, 270일 누적 강수량의 상관성은 높았다. 누적기간 중에 댐 홍수기 강수량 값의 포함여부가 상관성에 큰 영향을 미친 것으로 확인되었다. 변동계수 비율은 누적기간이 짧을수록 비율이 크고 길수록 적었으며, 270일이 모든 월에서 1에 근접하였다. 댐 용수공급 조정기준을 이용한 ROC 분석을 통해 보령댐은 저수량이 관심단계 이하일 때 강수량의 임계수준6은 270일 누적강수량의 백분율이 90% 이하, 4개 댐은 80% 이하로 나타났다. 인위적인 댐 운영이 가뭄분석에 미치는 영향을 분석하고자 강수량 백분율, 저수량 및 방류량 백분율의 거동을 분석하였다. 댐 방류량 조건은 강수량 및 저수량간의 연계분석에 불확실성을 야기하였다. 따라서 강수량을 활용한 댐 가뭄 분석을 위해서는 대상 댐유역에 대한 적정 임계수준 및 방류량 조건이 검토되어야 할 것이다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.44-59
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• 2014

Despite the implementation of TMDL, the water quality in lower watershed of Nam river dam has worsened continuously since 2005. Multifarious pollution sources such as cities and industrial districts are scattered around it. Nam river downstream bed slope is very gentle towards the downstream water flow of slows it down even more, depending on the water quality deterioration is accelerated eutrophication occurs. In this study, the mainstream in lower watershed of Nam river dam region to target aquatic organic matter by phytoplankton growth contribution was evaluated by statistical analysis. and statistical evaluation of water quality and the accuracy of forecasting, model calibration and verification procedures by completing QUALKO2 it's eutrophic phenomena that occur frequently in the dam outflow through scenarios predict an increase in water quality management plans to present the best should.