• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.453-458
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• 2018

Geomechanical parameters are important factors for engineering projects during design, construction and support stages of tunnel and dam projects. Geostatistical estimation methods are known as one of the most significant approach at estimation of Geomechanical parameters. In this study, Azad dam headrace tunnel is chosen to estimate Geomechanical parameters such as Rock Quality Designation (RQD) and uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) by ordinary kriging as a geostatistical method. Also Rock Mass Rating (RMR) distribution is presented along the tunnel. Main aim in employment of geostatistical methods is estimation of points that unsampled by sampled points.To estimation of parameters, initially data are transformed to Gaussian distribution, next structural data analysis is completed, and then ordinary kriging is applied. At end, specified distribution maps for each parameter are presented. Results from the geostatistical estimation method and actual data have been compared. Results show that, the estimated parameters with this method are very close to the actual parameters. Regarding to the reduction of costs and time consuming, this method can use to geomechanical estimation.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2005년도 학술발표회(1)
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• pp.753-754
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• 2005

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.483-498
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• 2015

This article describes a new in-situ load test called the Hydraulic Cylinder Test (HCT) and its application to determine the geotechnical properties of soil-rock mixtures. The main advantages of the test are its easy implementation, speed of execution and low-cost. This article provides a detailed description of the equipment and the test procedure, and examines a case study of its application to determine the geotechnical properties of an earth-filled dam for a tailings pond. The containment dams of the ponds are made from blocks of gypsum and marl, obtained from the excavation of the ponds, mixed in a matrix of sands and clays. The size of the rocks varies between 1 and 30 cm. The HCT is particularly useful for determining the geotechnical properties of this type of soil-rock mixture. Nine HCTs were carried out to determine its strength (c, ${\phi}$) and deformation (B, G) properties. The results obtained were validated using the Bim strength criterion, recently proposed, and some pressure meter tests carried out beforehand. The properties obtained are used to analyze the stability of the dam using computer simulations and a modification to its design is proposed.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.171-177
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• 2017

Water pressure test operation is used before the grouting to determine the rate of penetrability, the necessity and estimations related to grouting, by the penetration of water into the borehole. One of the parameters which have the highest effect is pressure of water penetration since the application of excessive pressure causes the hydraulic fracture to occur in the rock mass, and on the other hand, it must not be so small that prevents from seeing mechanical weaknesses and the rate of permeability. Mathematical modeling is used for the first time in this study to determine the optimum pressure. Thus, the joints that exist in the rock mass are simulated using cylindrical shell model. The joint surroundings are also modeled through Pasternak environment. To obtain equations governing the joints and the surroundings, energy method is used accompanied by Hamilton principle and an analytical solution method is used to obtain the maximum pressure. In order to validate the modeling, the pressure values obtained by the model were used in the sites of Seymareh and Aghbolagh dams and the relative error rates were measured considering the differences between calculated and actual pressures. Modeling in the sections of Seymareh dam showed 4.75, 3.93, 4.8 percent error rates and in the sections of Aghbolagh dam it rendered the values of 22.43, 5.22, 2.6 percent. The results indicate that this modeling can be used to estimate the amount of pressure for hydraulic fracture in water pressure test, to predict it and to prevent it.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제47권7호
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• pp.13-22
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• 2005

Main purpose of this article is to classify reservoirs corresponding to their physical characteristics, for example, dam height, dam width, age, repair-works history. First of all, data set of 13,976 reservoirs was analyzed using k means and self organized maps. As a result of these analysis, lots of reservoirs have been classified into four clusters. Factors and their critical values to classify the reservoirs into four groups have been founded by generating a decision tree. The path rules to each group seem reasonable since their survivor function showed unique pattern.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.65-74
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• 2010

This study is for Hanbuk Mountain Range within Gyeonggi province which is to propose the conservation plan by each damage pattern through site survey of the mountain range. The damage patterns are classified by siding, pointing and lining. The total damaged area is 103 areas: The siding pattern is damaged by developing farmland, mineral and quarry mining, dam, large scale development complex and cemetery park; The pointing pattern is including the development of road, transmission tower and way and mountaineering trail; The construction of electricity and communication facility, military facility, mobile communication station, heliport and shelter. The damages by developing road and large scale development complex are the most cause, and military facility, dam and reservoir, and residential area are the main causes, respectively. One of the compromised situation Hanbuk-Mountain Range usage as per section 7 section (18.45%), 12 section (18.45%) is the largest number of compromised has been surveyed, undermine the situation if you look at the usage by the road 25 locations (24.22%), military facilities and dam and reservoir to undermine this 11 established respectively (10.68%) were the most undermine. Therefore, this research propose the conservation plan as follow: first, need to understand, educate and publicize on Hanbuk-Mounatin Range; second, manage through the regulations and ordinance of Gyeonggi province; third build and expand the law for protecting Baekdu-Great Mountain Range.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.407-416
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• 1997

Soil, tailings, stream sediment and surface water samples collected in the vicinity of the Geumwang Au-Ag mine were analyzed in order to investigate the pollution level of heavy metals and to determine the dispersion patterns. Although the maximum concentrations of soils collected at the flotation plant and tailings dam were 9,270 ppm As, 17 ppm Cd, 1,480 ppm Cu, 10,080 ppm Pb and 18,400 ppm Zn, dispersion of heavy metals were limited in the vicinity of the flotation plant and tailings dam. This may be due to high pH values (> 8.0) of the soils by flotation solution for mineral processing. The pH values of water samples near the flotation plant and tailings dam were over 8.0 and Cd, Cu and Zn concentrations were not detected. The waters in the vicinity of Geumwang mine generally belong to a $Ca^{2+}-SO_{4}{^{2-}}$ $(HCO_3{^-})$ type.

• 대한지하수환경학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.10-20
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• 1998

상곡광상은 캄브로-오르도비스기의 석회질암내에 발달된 열극을 교대한 다금속광상이다. 광산부근에는 상당량의 폐석과 광미가 방치되어 있으며, 폐갱도에서 유출되는 갱내수는 여과없이 하천을 따라 이동되어 상수원 및 농경지로 유입되고 있다. 토양과 퇴적물의 주성분 원소는 시료에 따라 조성 차이가 심하나 Fe, Mn, Ca 및 Na이 부화되어 있고, 특히 광미야적장 토양에서는 Fe (평균 18.58 wt.%)와 Mn (4.18 wt.%)의 함량이 아주 높다. 광미야적장 토양에서 검출된 중금속의 평균함량은 Ag=10, As=2278, Cd=7, Cu=206, Pb=1372, Sb=14 및 Zn=2231 ppm이며, 광산수계의 퇴적물에는 Ag=1, As=146, Cd=1, Cu=39, Pb=146, Sb=2, Zn=259 ppm이 함유되어 있는 것으로 보아, 독성원소들은 적어도 수 km 하류까지 이동되었을 것으로 보인다. 비광산수계 퇴적물의 조성으로 표준화한 주원소의 부화지수는 광산수계 퇴적물=1.54, 광미야적장 토양=6.84로서 높은 이상치를 갖는다. 희토류원소의 부화지수는 광산수계 퇴적물=0.92, 광미야적장 토양=0.52이다 환경적 독성원소 (As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Sb, Zn)를 비광산수계 퇴적물의 조성으로 표준화한 부화지수는 광산수계 퇴적물=2.42, 광미야적장 토양=25.47 이다. EPA의 환경오염 기준치로 표준화된 부화지수는 비광산수계 퇴적물=0.53, 광산수계의 퇴적물=1.84, 광미야적장 토양=23.71 이다. 퇴적물과 토양의 X-선 회절분석 결과, 구성광물의 함량비는 다소 차이가 있으나 모든 시료에서 동일한 광물조성(방해석, 돌로마이트, 마그네사이트, 석영, 운모, 녹니석 및 점토광물)을 갖는다. 중금속 오염이 심한 토양과 퇴적물을 비중분리하여 반사현미경으로 관찰하면 황철석, 유비철석, 섬아연석, 방연석, 침철석 및 수산화 광물들이 많이 관찰되는 것으로 보아, 이 광물들이 오염원으로 작용하고 있음을 보인다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.21-34
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• 2003

Patient revisit to used hospital is a key factor in determining a health care organization's competitive advantage and survival. This article examines the relationship between customer's satisfaction and his/her revisit associated with three different methods which are the Chi Square Automatic Interaction Detection(CHAID) for segmenting the outpatient group, logistic regression and neural networks for addressing the outpatient's revisit. The main findings indicate that the important factors on outpatient's revisit are physician's kindness, nurse's skill, overall level of satisfaction, hospital reputation, recommendation, level of diagnoses and outpatient's age. Among these ones, physician's kindness is the most important factor as guidelines for decision of their revisit. The decision maker of hospital should select the strategy containing the variable amount of the level of revisit and size of outpatient's group under the constraint on the hospital's time, budget and manpower given. Finally, this study shows that neural networks, as non-parametric technique, appear to more correctly predict revisit than does logistic regression as a parametric estimation technique.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.133-142
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• 2010

국토의 구성 및 변화를 파악하기 위해서 항공 라이다 데이터의 효율적 처리를 통해 정확하게 지표의 유행(land-cover type)을 분류할 수 있는 지능형 지형 분류기(intelligent topographical classifier)의 필요성이 증대되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 정확하고 효율적인 지형 분류기 개발을 용이하게 하기 위해 데이터마이닝 도구인 WEKA를 연동시켜 항공 라이다 데이터를 가공처리하고 다양한 데이터마이닝 기법을 활용한 비교 실험을 통해 정확성이 높은 지형 분류기 제작을 지원하는 소프트웨어 시스템을 개발하였다. 본 연구에서 개발한 지형 분류기 제작 지원 시스템은 항공 영상 이미지 위에 라이다 데이터를 중첩시키는 기능, 효율적인 처리를 위한 타일링 기능, 부분 영역의 3차원 시각화 기능, 타일의 특정 추출 기능, WEKA 입력 자동 생생 기능, 분류 모델의 분류 규칙 집합을 C++ 프로그램으로 자동 코딩하여 분류기로 변환하는 기능, 타일별 지형 분류 결과 표시 기능 등이 구현되어 있다. 또한, 연동된 WEKA틀 이용해서는 분별력이 높은 특정 정보 선정 기능, 다양한 분류 기법을 적용한 지형 분류 모델 생성 기능, 지형 분류 규칙 집합 생생 기능 등을 활용하여 지형 분류기 제작을 지원할 수 있다. 따라서 항공 라이다 데이터를 이용하여 지형의 유형을 분류하는 지능형 지형 분류기를 개발하고자 하는 사용자는 본 연구에서 개발한 지형 분류기 제작 지원 시스템을 활용하여 해당 지형의 특성에 맞고 분류기 개발 목적에 부합하는 지형 분류기를 용이하게 효과적으로 개발할 수 있다.