• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.365-371
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• 2007

To evaluate the effect of air pollution on respiratory health in children, We conducted a longitudinal study in which children were asked to record their daily levels of Peak Expiratory Flow Rate(PEFR) using potable peak flow meter(mini-Wright) for 4 weeks. The relationship between daily PEFR and ambient air particle levels was analyzed using a mixed linear regression models including gender, age in year, weight, the presence of respiratory symptoms, and relative humidity as an extraneous variable. The daily mean concentrations of $PM_{10}$ and $PM_{2.5}$ over the study period were $64.9{\mu}g/m^3$ and $46.1{\mu}g/m^3$, respectively. The range of daily measured PEFR in this study was $182{\sim}481\;l/min$. Daily mean PEFR was regressed with the 24-hour average $PM_{10}(or\;PM_{2.5})$ levels, weather information such as air temperature and relative humidity, and individual characteristics including sex, weight, and respiratory symptoms. The analysis showed that the increase of air particle concentrations was negatively associated with the variability in PEFR. We estimated that the IQR increment of $PM_{10}$ or $PM_{2.5}$ were associated with 1.5 l/min (95% Confidence intervals -3.1, 0.1) and 0.8 l/min(95% CI -1.8, 0.1) decline in PEFR. Even though this study showed negative findings on the relationship between respiratory function and air particles, it was worth noting that the findings must be interpreted cautiously because exposure measurement based on monitoring of ambient air likely resulted in misclassification of true exposure levels and this was the first Korean study that $PM_{2.5}$ measurement was applied as an index of air quality.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.65-72
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• 2016

Personal Health Record(PHR) service can be helpful to patients with diseases requiring strict everyday care and medical treatment, such as diabetes or cancer. In this paper, we propose a PHR system specialized in collecting and analyzing health record data of cancer patients, and present the process of how the system can improve the efficiency of cancer treatment process. Through the smart device application, cancer PHR system obtains daily PHR data which is highly related and critical to cancer therapy. The analysis report is provided to the medical staff with an available format suited for Electronic Medical Record used at medical institution. With the final result of PHR analysis which is easily merged with medical chart, most efficient Chemotherapy treatment can be provided for the patients. Also it is possible for the patients to give the information of side-effect and other pain experience during therapy to their doctors without loss of information. The proposed PHR system has the effect of improving the quality of patient care by allowing the medical staff to acquire the main objective data necessary for drug prescription and medical care benefits.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.500-512
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• 2010

The relationship between food and nutrient intake, glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL), and body weight was investigated with high school girls residing in Seoul. As subjects, 159 girls were divided into a normal weight (NW) group (18.5 kg/$m^2$ $\leq$ BMI < 23 kg/$m^2$, n = 110) and an overweight (OW) group (BMI $\geq$ 23kg/$m^2$, n = 49) by body mass index (BMI). The food and nutrient intake data obtained by the 3-day food record were analyzed by Can pro 3.0 software. Anthropometric measurements were collected from each subject. Daily dietary GI (DGI) and dietary GL (DGL) were calculated from the 3-day food record. Body weights and BMI of NW were 52.4 kg and 20.4 kg/$m^2$ and those of OW were 65.2 kg and 25.4 kg/$m^2$, respectively. Total food, animal food, and other food intakes of NW were higher than those of OW, and vegetable food intakes of NW were lower than those of OW. Sugars intake of NW was significantly higher than OW. Nutrient intakes were not different between the two groups. Dietary fiber, calcium, and folate intakes of NW and OW were under 65% of the dietary reference intakes (DRIs). Major food sources of energy intake for both groups were rice, pizza, ice cream, pork, instant noodle, and chicken. Mean adequacy ratio (MAR), an index of overall dietary quality, was higher in NW (0.82) than in OW (0.80). Mean daily DGI of NW and OW was 66.5 and 66.4, respectively. Mean daily DGL of NW and OW was higher in NW (162.0) than in OW (155.9). DGI and DGL adjusted to energy intake were not significantly correlated with anthropometric data.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.63-75
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• 2021

Objectives The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics of atopic dermatitis patients based on the personal health records (PHR) according to age and Sasang Constitution, and to find basic data for daily life management using the personal health record. Methods We analyzed the characteristics of atopic dermatitis patients based on PHR (symptoms, emotional state, SCORAD Index, five viscera weakness questionnaire, etc.), and Sasang Constitution collected for 6 weeks in 34 patients (or guardians). Results Each item of the SCORAD Index score in children and adolescents showed that children and adolescents have significantly higher edema than adults. However, repeated measurement of the SCORAD Index showed a significant positive improvement over time regardless of age and constitution. In terms of the symptoms of atopic dermatitis, there was a significant correlation between age and swelling, quality of life and effusion, pruritus (itch) and sleep disturbance in relation to the general characteristics of the subject. In the five visceral weakness scores, adults had significantly higher spleen weakness, liver weakness, kidney weakness scores than in children and adolescents. All results showed a high tendency to have a high lung weakness score, which was more pronounced in children and adolescents. Conclusion This study is meaningful to confirm the correlation between SCORAD Index items related to the symptoms of atopic dermatitis, and to identify trends for specific items by ages and Sasang Constitution.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Health Society Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.311-314
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• 2005

To evaluate the acute effects of fine particles on pulmonary function, a longitudinal study was conducted. This study was carried out for the schoolchildren(3rd and 4th grades) living in Inner-Mongolia, China. 113 Chinese children were asked to record their daily levels of peak expiratory flow rate(PEPR) using portable peak flow meter(mini-Wright) for 40 days and 3 time everyday(12 April 2004 to 21 May 2004). The atmospheric concentration of fine particles in study area was also determined everyday during same period. The relationship between dailypeak expiratory flow rate(PEFR) and fine particle levels was analyzed using a mixed linear regression models including gender, age, height, the presence of respiratory symptoms, and daily average relative humidity as extraneous variables. The analysis showed that the increase of fine particle concentrations was negatively associated with the variability in PEPR. The IQR(inter-quartile range) increments of $PM_{10}$ or $PM_{2.5}(66.0{\mu}g/m^3$ and $118.9{\mu}g/m^3$, respectively) were also shown to be related with 1.422L/min(95% Confidence intervals: 0.270 ${\sim}$ 2.574) and 1.214L1min(95% Cl: 0.010 ${\sim}$ 2.418) decline in PEFR.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.140-148
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• 2004

To evaluate the acute effects of fine particles on pulmonary function, a longitudinal study was conducted. This study was carried out for the schoolchildren (3rd and 6th grades) living in Beijing, China. Each child was provided with a mini-Wright peak flow meter and a preformatted health symptom diary for 40 days, and was trained on their proper use. Participants were instructed to perform the peak flow test three times in standing position, three times a day (9 am, 12 pm, and 8 pm), and to record all the readings along with the symptoms (cold, cough, and asthmatic symptoms) experienced on that day. Daily measurement of fine particles (PM$_{10}$ and PM$_{2.5}$) was obtained in the comer of the playground of the participating elementary school for the same period of this longitudinal study. The relationship between daily peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and fine particle levels was analyzed using a mixed linear regression models including gender, height, the presence of respiratory symptoms, and daily average temperature and relative humidity as extraneous variables. The total number of students participating in this longitudinal study was 87. The range of daily measured PEFR was 253-501$\ell$/min. In general, the PEFR measured in the morning was lower than the PEFR measured in the evening (or afternoon) on the same day. The daily mean concentrations of PM$_{10}$ and PM$_{2.5}$ over the study period were 180.2$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎥ and 103.2$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎥, respectively. The IQR (inter-quartile range) of PM$_{10}$ and PM$_{2.5}$ were 91.8$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎥ and 58.0$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎥. During the study period, the national ambient air quality standard of 150$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎥ (for PM$_{10}$) was exceeded in 23 days (57.5%). The analysis showed that an increase of 1$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎥ of PM$_{10}$ corresponded to 0.59$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎥ increment of PM$_{2.5}$. Daily mean PEFR was regressed with the 24-hour average PM$_{10}$ (or PM$_{2.5}$) levels, weather information such as air temperature and relative humidity, and individual characteristics including gender, height, and respiratory symptoms. The analysis showed that the increase of fine particle concentrations was negatively associated with the variability in PEFR. The IQR increments of PM$_{10}$ or PM$_{2.5}$ (at 1-day time lag) were also shown to be related with 1.54 $\ell$/min (95% Confidence intervals: 0.94-2.14) and 1.56$\ell$/min (95% CI: 0.95-2.16) decline in PEFR.R.ine in PEFR.ine in PEFR.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.21-30
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• 2021

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence and big data, a lot of medical data is effectively used, and the diagnosis and analysis of diseases has entered the era of intelligence. With the increasing public health awareness, ordinary citizens have also put forward new demands for panic disorder health services. Specifically, people hope to predict the risk of panic disorder as soon as possible and grasp their own condition without leaving home. Against this backdrop, the smart health industry comes into being. In the Internet age, a lot of panic disorder health data has been accumulated, such as diagnostic records, medical record information and electronic files. At the same time, various health monitoring devices emerge one after another, enabling the collection and storage of personal daily health information at any time. How to use the above data to provide people with convenient panic disorder self-assessment services and reduce the incidence of panic disorder in China has become an urgent problem to be solved. In order to solve this problem, this research applies the context awareness to the automatic diagnosis of human diseases. While helping patients find diseases early and get treatment timely, it can effectively assist doctors in making correct diagnosis of diseases and reduce the probability of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.317-323
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• 1988

Mean daily excretion of Ca, P, and Fe were measured in 49 healthy young Koreans(23 males and 26 females) form urine and feces samples cellected for three days. Dietary intakes of the subjects during the study periods were calculated from intake records. Main results of the study are as following: 1) Mean daily urinary, fecal, and total Ca excretions were 162$\pm$20mg, 346$\pm$39mg, and 508$\pm$50mg, respectively in males and 154$\pm$16mg, 262$\pm$26mg, and 416$\pm$24mg, respectively in females. The mean values of the two groups were not significantly different. 2) Mean daily urinary, fecal, and total P excretions were 751$\pm$45mg, 384$\pm$26mg and 1135$\pm$56mg, respectively in males and 552$\pm$29mg, 335$\pm$34mg and 894$\pm$50mg, respectively in females. Urinary and total P excretion in males were significantly higher than females(p<0.01), but such differences disappeared when the excretions were calculated per kg body weight. 3) mean daily fecal Fe excretions were 12.8$\pm$0.9mg in males and 10.1$\pm$0.8mg in females. The mean value in males was significantly higher than that in females(p<0.05) but when calculated per kg body weight, both groups excreted 0.2mg/kg body weight. 4) Mean daily intake levels of the minerals estimated from three day food intake records were Ca 543mg, P 1136mg, and Fe 14.3mg in males and Ca 533mg, P 869mg, Fe 10.8mg in females. These intake levels seem to be sufficient to supply the daily losses of the study subjects except P in females. However, the problem of estimating dietary intake levels by food intake record should be recognized. Especially females in the study are in menstration age and their Fe losses in the menstration (estimated to be 0.5mg of available Fe per day) should be also supplied in the diet.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.613-625
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• 2019

The rise of the Internet of Things (IoT) devices have greatly influenced many industries and one of them is healthcare where wearable devices started to track all your daily activities for better health monitoring accuracy and even down to tracking daily food intake in some cases. With the amounts of data that are being tracked and shared between from these devices, questions were raised on how to uphold user's data privacy when data is shared between these IoT devices and third party. With the blockchain platforms started to mature since its inception, the technology can be implemented according to a variety of use case scenarios. In this paper, we present a system architecture based on the healthcare system and IoT network by leveraging on multiple blockchain networks as the medium in between that should enable users to have direct authority on data accessibility of their shared data. We provide proof of concept implementation and highlight the results from our testing to show how the efficiency and scalability of the healthcare system improved without having a significant impact on the performance of the Electronic Medical Record (EMR) that mostly affected by the previous solution since these solutions directly connected to a public blockchain network and which resulted in significant delays and high cost of operation when a large amount of data or complicated functions are involved.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.30-39
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• 1991

This study was designed to investigate the effects of dietary calcium. serum estrogen level and physical activity on the bone status of 116 healthy elderly women living in urban area. Current calcium intake was assessed by convenient method(refered to as Ca intake) and calcium containing food frequency method(refered to as Ca index) Daily activity record was used for the estimation of physical activity level, and serum estrogen level was measured from fasting blood of subjects. The rate of bone resorption was evaluated by the determination of hydroxyproline(Hpr) in fasting urine with correction for creatinine excretion. The results of this study are summarized as follows : 1) Average daily Ca intake of subjects was 621.4$\pm$155.8mg, which is above the Korean recommended dietary allowances. However 44.8% of the subjects consumed Ca below RDA level. Ca index score was significantly correlated with the bone status(P<0.05), Ca intake did not show significant correlation with the bone status although a positive trend of influence was evident. 2) Average serum estrogen level of subjects was 18.7$\pm$9.8pg Contrary to our anticipation. estrogen level did not show any significant relation to age and bone status. 3) Daily physical activity was classified into four categories by activity intensity : sedentary. moderate, active and severe. The average physical activity of subjects belong to moderate level. and the bone status was significantly related to the physical activity(P<0.01) 4) Among other influential factors such as age, pocket-money. family type. drinking, smoking and BMI, there was a significant difference between bone status and BMI(P<0.05). 5) Multiple regression analysis of variables showed that physical activity has greater effect than other variables when the entire subjects were taken into account. However. eliminating the subjects whose bone status rated as excellent(Hpr/cr<0.009), Ca index showed higher correlation than physical activity. These results have demonstrated that dietary calcium intake is the primary important factor for keeping good bone health and that bone status of subjects with a sufficient calcium intake is affected by various factors such as physical activity, age, smoking. BMI and others.