• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.30 no.12B
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• pp.847-854
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• 2005

Many of scheduling algorithms that provide a pre-defined bandwidth to a traffic flow fall into a category of Latency-rate (LR) server, the delay of whose network can be simply calculated by adding up individual 'latencies' of each LR servers. Deficit Round Robin (DRR) is one of such LR servers and the simplest one to implement, so that it is adopted in many real systems. In this research we suggest an improved version of DRR, the DRR with Instant Service (DRR-IS), and analyze it. We have proved that the DRR-IS is still an LR sewer and have obtained its latency. The DRR-IS, compared with DRR, turns out to have the same complexity while provide about $30\%$ better latency.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.44 no.3 s.357
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• pp.41-50
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• 2007

In this paper, a new Dual Round-Robin (DRR) based iterative SLIP (iSLIP) scheduling scheme, called DiSLIP is proposed for IP switching systems. By using DRR followed by iSLIP, DiSLIP can exploit desynchronization effect of DRR and high performance of iSLIP, while the drawbacks of two schemes are minimized. 'Through computer simulation, we verify the switch throughput and total waiting time of the proposed scheme under nonuniform and correlated self-similar traffic. Moreover, the proposed scheme can considerably reduce the complexity of parallel matching logics compared to iSLIP. From the result, we observe that the proposed scheme outperforms DRR on throughput as well as iSLIP schemes on complextiy.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.285-291
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• 2011

A pose estimation process from medical images is calculating locations and orientations of objects obtained from Computed Tomography (CT) volume data utilizing X-ray images from two directions. In this process, digitally reconstructed radiograph (DRR) images of spatially transformed objects are generated and compared to X-ray images repeatedly until reasonable transformation matrices of the objects are found. The DRR generation and image comparison take majority of the total time for this pose estimation. In this paper, a fast DRR generation technique based on GPU parallel computing is introduced. A volume ray-casting algorithm is explained with brief vector operations and a parallelization technique of the algorithm using Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) is discussed. This paper also presents the implementation results and time measurements comparing to those from pure-CPU implementation and open source toolkit.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2005.07a
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• pp.697-699
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 그래픽 하드웨어를 이용한 텍스처기반 볼륨렌더링으로 DRR 영상을 고속으로 생성하는 방법을 제안한다. 제안방법은 크게 세단계로 구성된다. 첫째, CT 영상 슬라이스 데이터에서 각 슬라이스를 최인접보간법으로 보간함으로써 등방해상도의 볼륨데이터를 생성한다. 둘째, 그래픽 하드웨어의 메모리용량 때문에 발생하는 문제를 해결하기 위해 텍스처 메모리의 효율적 관리방법을 제시한다. 셋째, 텍스처기반 볼륨렌더링을 이용해서 X-ray 영상과 유사한 투시투영한 DRR 영상을 생성한다. 본 논문에서 제안한 방법을 평가하기 위해서 인공 심장 데이터를 사용한다. 제안방법의 수행시간과 화질을 평가하기 위해서 기존 광선추적법, 복셀투영법을 적용한 DRR 영상과 비교 분석하였다. 실험결과 제안 방법은 기존 방법에 비해서 빠르게 DRR 영상을 생성하였고, 영상의 화질 또한 광선추적법의 결과 영상의 화질만큼 좋은 영상을 생성하였기 때문에 실시간 정합에 적합하였다.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.67-76
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• 2006

We evaluated the accuracy of a patient setup error correction due to reference image quality for a 2D-2D matching process. Digitally reconstructed radiographs (DRRs) generated by use of the Pinnacle3 and the Eclipse for various regions of a humanoid phantom and a patient for different CT slice thickness were employed as a reference images and kV X-ray Images from the On-Board Imager were registered to the reference DRRs. In comparison of the DRRs and profiles, DRR image quality was getting worse with an increase of CT image slice thickness. However there were only slight differences of setup errors evaluation between matching results for good and poor reference DRRs. Although DRR image quality did not strongly affect to the 2D-2D matching accuracy, there are still potential errors for matching procedure, therefore we recommend that DRR images are needed to be generated with less than 3mm slice thickness for 2D-2D matching.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2010

In this paper we propose a scheduling algorithm for supporting Quality of Service(QoS) in IEEE 802.11e HCCA referred to as ASR-DRR and ASD-DRR, which aims at providing improved performance for the support of multimedia traffic. Although We identify the problem of the current IEEE 802.11e HCCA (Hybrid Coordination Function Controlled Channel Access) scheduler and its numerous variations, that the queue information cannot be notified to the Hybrid Coordinator (HC) timely, therefore the uplink delay lengthens unnecessarily. We suggests a simple solution and a couple of implementation practices, namely the Adaptive Scheduler with RTS/CTS (ASR) and Adaptive Scheduler with Data/Ack (ASD). They are both further elaborated to emulate the Deficit Round Robin (DRR) scheduler. They are also compared with existing exemplary schedulers through simulation, and shown to perform well.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.412-421
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• 2016

Global Warming makes the climate change in the earth. Life environment is continuously deteriorated. As a preparation and adaptation of the climate change, there are many international activities including IPCC and UNFCCC. Also Sendai framework is new DRR activity of UNISDR. In this study, we discuss inter-connection of the activities and we check our preparation and guide for the future DRR actitivities.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 2008

This study investigated the effect of Rehmanniae Radix preparata extract on the antioxidant enzymes of kidney and renal function in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups including normal control (NC), diabetic control (DC), and diabetic treatment with Rehmanniae Radix preparata (DRR). Over a 4-week study period, Rehmanniae Radix preparata aqueous extract was administered orally at 1124 mg/kg BW/day. The serum glucose level in the DRR group was significantly lower (P<0.05) than the DC group. The serum blood urea nitrogen in diabetic groups was significantly higher (P<0.001) than the NC group. The urinary total protein level in the DRR group was significantly lower (P<0.05) than the DC group. The renal xanthine oxidase activity in the DRR group was significantly lower (P<0.01) than the DC group. The renal catalase activity in the DC group was significantly lower (P<0.05) compared to the NC group and that was significantly higher (P<0.05) in the DRR group than the DC group. In conclusion, these results indicated that Rehmanniae Radix preparata can prevent or retard the development of diabetic nephropathy via its beneficial effects for correcting the hyperglycemia and favorable effects on antioxidant enzyme system.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.435-442
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• 2001

According to the current increase of the usefulness of information in Internet, several methods are proposed in which multimedia information may be efficiently managed and retrieved. The purpose of this paper is to propose the new grouping method by SRR(Semantic Reference Relation) and DRR(Direct Reference Relation). The important point of this method proposed in this paper is to group MDI(Multimedia Document Informations) as a cluster of this multimedia objects. According to the result of experimental simulation, which has been tested by by the 1,000 multimedia items in internet, this method has made more efficiently the service and grouping of MDI possible than any other methods do in internet.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2003.04d
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• pp.451-453
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• 2003

본 논문은 블루투스 MAC 계층에서의 패킷 스케줄링 성능의 개선을 목적으로 한다 현재 대부분의 많은 블루투스 MAC 계층 스케줄링 방식은 라운드로빈(RR)을 사용하고 있는데, 많은 슬롯과 시간을 낭비하게 되고 최적화된 업링크와 다운링크에 적합하지 않다. 한편, 블루투스의 마스터 노드에서 생기는 자원 낭비 문제를 해결하기 위한 몇 가지 MAC 스케줄링 알고리즘이 있다. 본 논문에서는 Bin-packing 과 DRR 을 이용하는 MAC 계층에서의 효과적인 패킷 스케줄링 알고리즘을 제안하고 시뮬레이션을 통해서 그 성능이 기존 방식에 비해 우월함을 보인다.