• 제목/요약/키워드: DR6

검색결과 720건 처리시간 0.028초

선택적 함구증 환자에서의 Fluoxetine 치험 (A CLINICAL TRIAL OF FLUOXETINE IN THE TREATMENT OF SELECTIVE MUTISM)

  • 박민숙;남수용;육기환;노경선;이홍식;송동호
    • Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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    • 제8권2호
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    • pp.266-272
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    • 1997
  • 본 연구의 목적은 선택적 함구증 환자에게 강력한 세로토닌 재흡수 억제제인 fluoxetine을 투여한 후에 임상효과를 검증하고자 하였다. 대상은 선택적 함구증 환아 17명으로 8주간 fluoxetine $20{\sim}60mg$을 투약하였고, Clinical Global Impression(CGI), Children’s Depression Inventory(CDI), Revised Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale(RCMAS) 척도의 변화를 통해 치료효과를 평가함과 아울러 선택적 함구증의 동반병리 및 fluoxetine의 부작용을 조사하였다. Fluoxetine 치료후의 CGI 척도 점수는 치료전의 4.3(${\pm}0.6$)점에서 1.9(${\pm}0.9$)점으로, CDI는 치료전 17.8(${\pm}5.6$)점에서 11.6(${\pm}3.9$)점으로, RCMAS는 치료전 13.2(${\pm}4.2$)점에서 9.6(${\pm}3.6$)점으로 유의한 감소를 보였고, 8주 치료기간 중 치료 4주 이후에 58.8%의 환자가, 치료 8주 시기에는 76.5%의 환자가 임상적 호전을 보고하였다. 선택적 함구증 환자들은 가족 관계의 문제, 사회공포증, 경계성 지능, 언어문제 등의 정신과적 질환이 동반되어 있었으며, 8주간의 fluoxetine투여기간동안 식욕감퇴, 흥분/탈억제, 입면곤란, 구역질, 입마름 등의 부작용이 나타났으나 대체로 내약성을 유지하였다. 이 연구를 통해서 선택적 함구증 환아의 치료에 선택적 세로토닌 재흡수 억제제가 효과적임이 시사된다.

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자하거(紫河車)가 칼슘재흡수, cyclooxygenase의 발현, PGE2 생합성에 미치는 영향 (Hominis Placenta suppress Calcium release, cyclooxygenase expression and PGE2 synthesis)

  • 정연호;김나영;이태균;김동일
    • 대한한방부인과학회지
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    • 제18권1호
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    • pp.55-63
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    • 2005
  • Purpose : 자하거(Hominis Placenta; HP)는 건강한 사람의 태반을 홍제(烘製)하여 건조한 것으로 한의학에서는 기혈(氣血)을 대보(大補)하고 신정(腎精)을 보익(補益)시켜 구병(久病)으로 인한 신체허약(身體虛弱)이나 혹은 체질허약(體質虛弱)과 혈기부족(氣血不足) 및 신허정휴(腎虛精虧) 등 등(證)을 치료(治療)하는데 단미(單味) 또는 복방(複方)에 배오(配伍)하여 쓰여왔다. 또한 자하거는 면역학적으로 골대사 활성이 있는 것으로 알려져 있어 본 연구에서는 자하거의 항골다공증 활성을 분자세포생물학적으로 검정하고자 하였다. Methods : Osteoblast cells에서 자하거가 COX-2 mRNA의 발현과 $PGE_2$ 생합성을 억제시키는지를 관찰하기 위해 먼저 TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-${\beta}$ 와 IL-6를 처리한 후 $PGE_2$의 생합성과 더불어 COX-2 mRNA의 발현을 확인하였다. 그 후 TGF-${\beta}$, 자하거(紫河車)와 이 둘의 조합인 자하거+TGF-${\beta}$가 COX-2 mRNA 발현과 $PGE_2$ 생합성을 저해시키는지 관찰하였다. 또한 자하거가 IL-1${\beta}$로 유발된 흰쥐의 과칼슘혈증을 감소시키는지를 확인하였다. Results : IL-6, IL-1${\beta}$와 TNF-${\alpha}$를 동시에 처리하면 이것을 단독으로 처리한 것과 비교해 볼 때 $PGE_2$의 생합성과 더불어 COX-2 mRNA의 수치가 상승작용을 일으키며 증가하였다. TGF-${\beta}$, 자하거와 이 둘의 조합인 자하거+TGF-${\beta}$은 COX-2 mRNA 발현, $PGE_2$ 생합성 및 골재흡수를 감소시켰다. 자하거(紫河車)는 IL-1${\beta}$, TNF-${\alpha}$와 IL-6 각각 또는 이들의 조합으로 인해 증가하는 COX-2 mRNA 발현과 $PGE_2$ 생성을 감소시키는 반면 COX-1 mRNA 발현에는 유의성 있는 영향을 미치지 않았다. 한편 자하거는 농도의존적으로 IL-1${\beta}$로 유발된 흰쥐의 과칼슘혈증을 감소시켰다. 이러한 결과는 흰쥐의 두개골 골아세포에서 $PGE_2$ 생산에 대한 IL-${\beta}$, TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6의 상승작용이 COX-2의 유전자 발현 증가에 기인함을 보여주었다. Conclusions : 이러한 결과들로부터 자하거가 골대사과정중 골재흡수를 억제하는데 효과적임을 밝히게 되었으며, 자하거의 골다공증의 억제기전이 골재흡수관련 단백질들의 전사조절에 있음을 최초로 해명하게 되었다.

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Chemicals Constituents from Leaves of Diospyros iturensis (Gürke) Letouzey & F. White and their Biological Activities

  • Feusso, Hermann Marius Feumo;Dongmo, Jean de dieu;Djomkam, Hermine Laure Maza;Akak, Carine Mvot;Lateef, Mehreen;Ahmed, Ayaz;Azebaze, Anatole Guy Blaise;Waffo, Alain Francois Kamdem;Ali, Muhammad Shaiq;Vardamides, Juliette Catherine
    • Natural Product Sciences
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    • 제26권4호
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    • pp.311-316
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    • 2020
  • The chemical investigation of the methanolic crude extract of leaves of Diospyros iturensis gave us 15 known secondary metabolites identified as mixture of α-amyrenone (1) and β-amyrenone (2), β-amyrin (3), mixture of β-sitosterol (4) and stigmasterol (5), betulin (6), uvaol (7), betulinic acid (8), ursolic acid (9), corosolic acid (10), actinidic acid (11),11-O-p-hydroxybenzoylbergenin (12), bergenin (13) and mixture of stigmasterol glucoside (14) and β-sitosterol glucoside (15) respectively. The structures of secondary metabolites were elucidated with the help of NMR and mass spectral data and by comparison of their spectral data with literature. Among the fifteen isolated compounds, four compounds were identified for the first time in Diospyros genus. These included uvaol (7), corosolic acid (10), actinidic acid (11) and 11-O-p-hydroxybenzoylbergenin (12). Crude methanolic extract of leaves and four isolated compounds including betulin (6), betulinic acid (8), 11-O-p-hydroxybenzoylbergenin (12) and bergenin (13) were evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against two cancer cell lines CAL-27 and NCI-H460 by the MTT assay, antioxidant potential and inhibitory activity against the lipoxygenase and urease enzymes, respectively. The results indicated that the methanolic crude extract of leaves exhibited moderate antioxidant activity and was inactive against the two cancer cell lines. Betulin (6), 11-O-p-hydroxybenzoylbergenin (12) and bergenin (13) exhibited moderate antioxidant and lipoxygenase inhibition with IC50 = 65.8, 85.6, 82.5 μM and IC50 = 58.5, 95.2, 76.2 μM, respectively. Furthermore, 11-O-p-hydroxybenzoylbergenin (12) and bergenin (13) exhibited moderate urease inhibition activity with IC50 values of 45.6 μM and 49.8 μM, respectively.

심장이식술 20례의 조기성적 (Early Results of Heart Transplantaion: A Review of 20 Patients)

  • 박종빈;송현;송명근;김재중;이재원;서동만;손광현
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • 제30권2호
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    • pp.164-171
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    • 1997
  • 현재 심장이식은 말기 심부전환자에게 확정적인 치료방법으로 받아들여지고 있다. 사람에게 최초의 성공적인 심장이식은 1967년에 시행되었으며, 국내에서는 1992년 11월에 처음으로 시행되었다. 국내에서 1992년 처음으로 시행된 이후, 50례 이상이 시행되었다. 아산재단 서울중앙병원에서는 1992년 11월 이후 20례의 동소심장이식이 시행되었다. 본 연구의 목적은 본원에서 시행된 20례의 심장이식환자의 조기성적과 추적경과를 분석함에 있다. 이식환자 평균연령은 39$\pm$11.8 (20~58)세이었으며, 평균 추적관찰기간은 11.4$\pm$11.2 (1~41)개월이었고, 모두 현재까지 생존하고 있다. 혈액형은 14명에서 일치하였고 6명에서 적합하였다. 수술전 심장질환으로는 확장성 심근병증이 16례, 판막질환이 2례, 허혈성 심근병 증이 1례, 거대세포 심근염이 1례였다. 수혜자와 공여자간의 조직적합이식항원(HLA)교차반응검사는 18례에서 가능하였고, 16례에서 T세포와 B세포 모두에서 음성이었고, 2례에서 warm B세포에 양성이 의심되었다. A, B, DR의 6개의 유전자좌중 8명에서는 1개의 유전자좌에서, 5명은 2개의 유전자좌에서, 1명은 3개의 유전자좌에서 일치를 보였다. \ulcorner자당 동종이식 급성거부반응 평균횟수는 2.8$\pm$0.5 (0~6)회 이었으며, 치료가 요구되는 평균횟수는 1.0$\pm$0.9 (1~3)회이었다. 수술로부터 치료가 요구되는 급성거부 반응까지의 평균기간은 35.5$\pm$20.4 (5~60)일이었다. 1례에서 급성 체액성거부반응이 의심되었으며 성공적으로 치료되었다. 심초음파나 MUGA주사로 측정된 좌심실구혈율은 심장이식후 평균 17.5$\pm$6.8 (9~32)%에서 58.9$\pm$2.0 (55~62)%로 증가하였다. 5명의 환자에게 24시간 이상 일시적 심박동보조가 요구되었으나 모두 일주일내에 정상 동성 리듬으로 회복되었다. 한 명에서는 이식후 140일째 완전 방실 블럭이 나타나 영구적 심박동조율기가 요구되었다. 또 한 명의 환자에게서 이식직후 Cyclosporine연관성 신경독성이 나타났으나 수술후 27시간후에 회복되었다. 서울중앙병원에서 심장이식수술은 발전단계에 있으며 조기 결과는 외국의 잘 정립된 병원의 결과와 비견되지만 장기 추적결과는 재평가되어야 하겠다. 심장이식은 말기 심부전환자에게 성공적인 치료방법이 되리라 사료된다.

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효소 및 미생물의 고정화에 관한 연구 제1보. 방사선조사에 의한 Glucose Oxidase의 고정화법 (Studies on the Immobilization of Enzymes and Microoganism Part 1. Immobilizing Method of Glucose Oxidase by Gamma Radiation)

  • Kim, Sung-Kih
    • 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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    • 제7권1호
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    • pp.1-8
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    • 1979
  • 혈액 및 생체반응물질등에 함유된 미량의 glucose를 효소적으로 간편하게 측량하기 위하여 먼저 고가의 glucose oxidase를 고정화 시켰다. 전리 방사선조사에 의하여 이 효소를 쉽게 고정화 시킬수 있는 방법과 그 알맞는 조건 및 높은 잔여 활성에 관한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 여러가지 monomer 및 polymer의 combination 중에서 AA-Bis, NK ester 23G, 물 (1:1:2)에 가용성 효소 1ml를 고정화 시켰을 경우를 비롯하여 GOD의 잔여활성이 50%이상인 여러 monomer Combination 찾았다 2) Carrier의 방사선중합에 필요한 선량은 100 krad 이상 이였으나, 400~500krad가 적당하였고, solvent는 toluene, n-haxane, petoleum ether chloroform 등을 이용할 때 고정화된 GOD의 잔여 활성 및 이화학적 성장이 좋았다. 3) GOD 고정화에 이용될 수 있는 완충 용액은 tris-glycerol buffer (pH 7.0)가 phosphate (pH 7.0) 보다 높은 활성을 보여 주었다. 4) 고정화된 GOD의 최적 pH는 6.0~6.5 또 온도는 30~4$0^{\circ}C$로서 가용성 효소보다 작용범위가 넓었고, pH 및 온도의 변화도 완만하였다. The author acknowledges with gratitude financial assistance from International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria and also sincerely thanks Dr. K. Kawashima and his colleagues, National Food Research Institute, Tokyo, Iapan for encouragement and assistance.

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Morphometric Characteristic between Diploid and Spontaneous Triploid Carp in Korea

  • Lim, Sang Gu;Han, Hyeng Keun;Goo, In Bon;Gil, Hyun Woo;Lee, Tae Ho;Park, In-Seok
    • 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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    • 제21권1호
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    • pp.55-62
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    • 2017
  • We used flowcytometry to ploidy verification after that investigate difference between diploid and spontaneous triploid through the truss dimension and classical dimension at crucian carp, Carassius auratus, crucian carp C. cuvieri and common carp, Cyprinus carpio collected from Hangang river, Hantangang river, Imjingang river, Geumgang river, Yeongsangang river and Nakdonggang river, Korea. There were significant differences among the three species for the truss dimensions anterior origin of dorsal fin $(2){\times}$ anterior origin of anal fin (5), $2{\times}$ anterior origin of pelvic fin (6), $2{\times}$ origin of pectoral fin (7), posterior origin of dorsal fin $(3){\times}5$, $3{\times}6$, and $3{\times}7$ (P<0.05). There were no significant differences among the three species in the truss dimensions dorsal fin length ($2{\times}9$) and eye diameter (ED)(P>0.05). On the other hand, there were no significant differences in the several classical dimensions of each species (P>0.05). Three classical dimensions, most anterior extension of the head $(1){\times}2$, $1{\times}6$ and $2{\times}$ most posterior scale in lateral line (4) did not differ between the C. auratus diploid and spontaneous triploid (P>0.05). Two classical dimensions, $1{\times}6$ and longest length between most anterior extension of the head and gill cover ($1{\times}8$) did not differ between the C. cuvieri diploid and spontaneous triploid (P>0.05). One classical dimensions, $1{\times}2$ did not differ between the common carp diploid and spontaneous triploid (P>0.05). There were significant differences in the each diploid and triploid species (P<0.05). These results suggest that the classification of each species and classification between diploid and spontaneous triploid morphometrical parameters used in this study are useful indices of morphometrical status in the each species from major river of Korea.

인간 말초혈액 단핵구 유래 수지상세포의 면역반응에 미치는 Gefitinib의 영향 (The Effect of Gefitinib on Immune Response of Human Peripheral Blood Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells)

  • 조진훈;김미현;이광하;김기욱;전두수;박혜경;김윤성;이민기;박순규
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • 제69권6호
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    • pp.456-464
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    • 2010
  • Background: Synergistic antitumor effects of the combined chemoimmunotherapy based on dendritic cells have been reported recently. The aim of this study is to search new applicability of gefitinib into the combination treatment through the confirmation of gefitinib effects on the monocyte derived dendritic cells (moDCs); most potent antigen presenting cell (APC). Methods: Immature and mature monocyte-derived dendritic cell (im, mMoDC)s were generated from peripheral blood monocyte (PBMC) in Opti-MEM culture medium supplemented with IL-4, GM-CSF and cocktail, consisting of TNF-${\alpha}$ (10 ng/mL), IL-$1{\beta}$ (10 ng/mL), IL-6 (1,000 U/mL) and $PGE_2$ ($1{\mu}/mL$). Various concentrations of gefitinib also added on day 6 to see the influence on immature and mature MoDCs. Immunophenotyping of DCs under the gefitinib was performed by using monoclonal antibodies (CD14, CD80, CD83, CD86, HLA-ABC, HLA-DR). Supernatant IL-12 production and apoptosis of DCs was evaluated. And MLR assay with $[^3H]$-thymidine uptake assay was done. Results: Expression of CD83, MHC I were decreased in mMoDCs and MHC I was decreased in imMoDCs under gefitinib. IL-12 production from mMoDCs was decreased under $10{\mu}M$ of gefitinib sinificantly. Differences of T cell proliferation capacity were not observed in each concentration of geftinib. Conclusion: In spite of decreased expressions of some dendritic cell surface molecules and IL-12 production under $10{\mu}M$ of gefitinib, significant negative influences of gefitinib in antigen presenting capacity and T cell stimulation were not observed.

Antioxidant and Free Radical Scavenging Potential of Justicia gendarussa Burm. Leaves in vitro.

  • Mruthunjaya, K.;Hukkeri, V.I.
    • Natural Product Sciences
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    • 제13권3호
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    • pp.199-206
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    • 2007
  • Antioxidant activity of 70% aqueous ethanolic extract of leaves of Justicia gendarussa (EJ) was evaluated. EJ was prepared by cold maceration method. The antioxidant potency of EJ was investigated employing various established in vitro systems, such as DPPH radical scavenging, nitric oxide (NO) scavenging, ${\beta}-carotene$ linoleic acid module system (${\beta}$ CLAMS), hydroxyl (OH) radical scavenging, anti lipid peroxidation. $IC_{50}$ values were determined in each experiment. Also, ferric ion reduction capacity of extracts in presence and absence of chelating agent (EDTA) and total antioxidant capacity were determined. Preliminary phytochemical investigation was carried out to know the nature of constituents present in the leaves and correlate it with antioxidant activity. Further total phenolic content was determined in EJ. $IC_{50}$ values of EJ were 123.09 ${\pm}$ 3.01, 643.0 ${\pm}$ 61.10, 132.3 ${\pm}$ 6.03, 68.5 ${\pm}$ 11.5 and 68.13 ${\pm}$ 1.38 ${\mu}g/mL$ in DPPH radical scavenging, NO scavenging, ${\beta}$ CLAMS, OH radical scavenging and anti lipid peroxidation activity respectively. In total antioxidant capacity assay, ascorbic acid equivalent value was found to be 205.56 ${\pm}$ 4.69 ${\mu}g/mg$ of extract. Total phenolic content was found to be 43.76 ${\pm}$ 4.27 ${\mu}g$ equivalent of gallic acid per mg of extract. Phytochemical investigation reveals the presence of flavonoids. The results indicate that EJ possess antioxidant activity and flavonoids are responsible for this activity.

한국재래닭과 Rhode Island Red의 교잡에 의한 주요 경제형질의 잡종강세 효과 추정 2. 한국재래닭과 Rhode Island Red 교잡종의 산란능력 (Estimation of Heterosis for Some Economic Ti'aits in Crossbreds between Korean Native Chicken and Rhode Island Red II. Laying Performance of Korean Native chicken and Rhode Island Red Crossbreds)

  • 강보석;정일정;이상진;김상호;오봉국;최광수
    • 한국가금학회지
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    • 제24권3호
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    • pp.127-137
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    • 1997
  • This study was conducted to estimate the laying performance and heterosis of Korean Native Chicken(KNC), Rhode Island Red(RIR), and KNC x RIR crossbreds A total of 1,274 female pullets were produced from KNC, RIR and RIR crossbreds in National Livestock Research Institute, Korea. The experiment was conducted for 2O~64 weeks from Jan 20. to Nov.25, 1996. The age at first egg of crossbreds were 144.1~148.7 days. The first egg weight of crossbreds was 39. 4~40.3 g, and body weights at first egg of KNC dark brown strain x RlR(DR), KNC light brown strain x RlR(LR) and KNC dark black strain x RlR(BR) were 1,943 g, 1,925 g and 2,044 g, respectively. During the laying period the average viability of crossbreds was 96.6~98.3%. The hen-day egg production of crossbreds were 111.1~113.O eggs at 40 weeks of age, and 223.5~227.5 eggs at 64 weeks of age, respectively. The hen-day egg production peaks were 78.2~80.1% in KNC, and 85.8~87.5% in crossbreds. The heterosis were estimated to be 3.61%, 9.21%, 4.78%, 2.97% and -1.63% for the first egg days, body weights at first egg, layer viability, hen-day egg production, and feed conversion ratio, respectively.

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Gene Expression Patterns of the Endogenous Antioxidant Enzymes in Linuron-Treated Rat Ventral Prostates after Castration

  • Yon, Jung-Min;Lin, Chunmei;Lee, Yoon-Bok;Lee, Beom-Jun;Yun, Young-Won;Nam, Sang-Yoon
    • 한국수정란이식학회지
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    • 제27권2호
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    • pp.101-105
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    • 2012
  • Linuron is a pesticide with a weak anti-androgenic property, which impacts male reproductive organs. In this study, to clarify whether linuron affects the cellular antioxidant system of ventral prostate, gene expression patterns of the representative antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase (GPx), selenoprotein P (SePP), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were investigated in the rat ventral prostates exposed to linuron using real-time RT-PCR analyses. Sprague-Dawley rats castrated at 6 weeks old were treated with linuron (25, 50, or 100 mg/kg per oral) daily for 10 days after testosterone propionate administration (0.4 mg/kg) subcutaneously. As compared to normal control animals, mRNA levels of phospholipid hydroperoxide GPx (PHGPx), SePP, and Mn SOD significantly increased in the prostates exposed to linuron (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg). However, cytosolic GPx (100 mg/kg) and Cu/Zn SOD (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) mRNA levels significantly decreased in the ventral prostates. These results indicate that linuron upregulates the expressions of PHGPx, SePP, and Mn SOD mRNAs, but down-regulates the expressions of cytosolic GPx and Cu/Zn SOD in rat prostates, suggesting that linuron may have dual effects in the cellular antioxidant system of prostate.