• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.31 no.8
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• pp.2329-2332
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• 2010

Cyclocondensation of 2-aminothiophenol and aryl/heteryl aldehydes has been carried using biomimetic catalyst, $\beta$-Cyclodextrin in water and obtained 2-aryl/heteryl benzothiazoles with better to excellent yields. This biomimetic catalyzed route is simple, economic, and environmentally benign.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.64.5-64
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• 2002

This paper concerns a new digital redesign (DR) technique for an observer-based output-feedback control (OBOFC) system. The term DR involves converting an analog controller into an equivalent digital one in the sense of state-matching. The considered DR problem is formulated as convex minimization problems of the norm distances between linear operators to be matched. The stability condition is easily embedded and the separation principle on the DR of the OBOFC is explicitly shown. A numerical example is included for visualizing the feasibility of the proposed technique.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.454-456
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• 2008

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.35-36
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• 2011

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2007.07a
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• pp.149-150
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• 2007

By adding Gyro sensor to support the steering wheel angle sensor, an improved functional DR solution is proposed in this paper The proposed angle data algorism is developed based on the steering wheel with Gyro sensor for DR. The Gyro sensor support the error of steering wheel sensor to improve the angle data for the DR algorism.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.41 no.11
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• pp.979-992
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• 2018

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the third most important food crop, and breeding drought-tolerant varieties is vital research goal. However, detailed molecular mechanisms in response to drought stress in potatoes are not well known. In this study, we developed EMS-mutagenized potatoes that showed significant tolerance to drought stress compared to the wild-type (WT) 'Desiree' cultivar. In addition, changes to transcripts as a result of drought stress in WT and drought-tolerant (DR) plants were investigated by de novo assembly using the Illumina platform. One-week-old WT and DR plants were treated with -1.8 Mpa polyethylene glycol-8000, and total RNA was prepared from plants harvested at 0, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h for subsequent RNA sequencing. In total, 61,100 transcripts and 5,118 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) displaying up- or down-regulation were identified in pairwise comparisons of WT and DR plants following drought conditions. Transcriptome profiling showed the number of DEGs with up-regulation and down-regulation at 909, 977, 1181, 1225 and 826 between WT and DR plants at 0, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h, respectively. Results of KEGG enrichment showed that the drought tolerance mechanism of the DR plant can mainly be explained by two aspects, the 'photosynthetic-antenna protein' and 'protein processing of the endoplasmic reticulum'. We also divided eight expression patterns in four pairwise comparisons of DR plants (DR0 vs DR6, DR12, DR24, DR48) under PEG treatment. Our comprehensive transcriptome data will further enhance our understanding of the mechanisms regulating drought tolerance in tetraploid potato cultivars.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.345-351
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to offer more accurate information in whole spine examination of 3 spot DR through the comparative study about image distortion as making the flat phantom and measuring horizontal, vertical ratio and cobb angle of the virtual. We produced $H(40cm){\times}V(116cm){\times}D(2.3cm)$ flat acrylic phantom with lattice type of lead plate. We took projection respectively 3 times, total 9 times in each equipments using manufactured phantom as changing OFD to 6, 12, 18 cm. We measured a horizontal and vertical length of lead lattice and calculated the ratio. As appointing arbitrary points in the phantom and we measured cobb angle. The results of horizontal, vertical ratio measured CR type 0.98~1.01, scan DR type 0.96~0.97 and 3 spot DR 0.99~1.01. Cobb angle measured $52.5{\sim}53.3^{\circ}$, $52.1{\sim}54.3^{\circ}$ and $52.8{\sim}53.2^{\circ}$. Finally we can say that 3 spot DR method is an accurate method without any distortion in whole spine radiography.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.87-98
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• 2014

Objectives : We investigated whether snake venom toxin(SVT) from Vipera lebetina turanica sensitizes HT29 human epithelial colorectal cancer cells to tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand(TRAIL) induced apoptosis in cancer cells. Methods : Cell viability assay was used to assess the inhibitory effect of TRAIL on cell growth of HT29 human colorectal cancer cells. And 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole(DAPI), terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling assay(TUNEL) staining assay were used to evaluate cell-apoptosis. Western blot analysis were conducted to observe apoptosis related proteins and death receptor. To assess whether the synergized inhibitory effect of SVT and TRAIL on reactive oxygen species(ROS) generation was reversed by strong anti-oxidative agent. Results : SVT with TRAIL inhibited HT29 cell growth different from TRAIL alone. Consistent with cell growth inhibition, the expression of TRAIL receptors; Expression of death receptor(DR)4 and DR5 was significantly increased and intrinsic pro-apoptotic cleaved caspase-3, -9 was subsequently increased together with increase of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and extrinsic pro-apototic caspase-8 was also activated. In addition, the expression of anti-apoptotic survival proteins, a marker of TRAIL resistance(eg, cFLIP, survivin, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein(XIAP) and Bcl-2) was suppressed by the combination treatment of SVT and TRAIL. Pretreatment with the ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine abolished the SVT and TRAIL-induced upregulation of DR4 and DR5 expression and expression of the intrinsic pro-apoptotic caspase-3 and-9. Conclusion : The collective results suggest that SVT facilitates TRAIL-induced apoptosis in $HT_{29}$ human epithelial colorectal cancer cells through up-regulation of the TRAIL receptors; DR4 and DR5 and consecutive induction of bilateral apoptosis via regulating apoptosis related proteins.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.13-20
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• 2010

The leaves of Madhuca (M.) indica J.f.Gmel. (Sapotaceae) have been used traditionally in folk medicine due to its astringent properties and are effective in treatment of eczema and snake bites. Methanolic extract of M. indica is rich in tannins and has been proven experimentally to possess antibacterial activity. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the anti-ulcer and antioxidant activity of M. indica in rats. The methanolic extract of leaves of M. indica was tested at various doses (75, 150 and 300 mg/kg, p.o.) for its effect on gastric secretion and gastric ulcers in pylorus-ligation and on ethanol- induced gastric mucosal injury in rats. The significant reduction in ulcer index in both the models along with an increase in the pH of the gastric fluid and mucin content of stomach, and the acid secretory parameters such as total acidity and volume of gastric fluid were also significantly reduced along with reduction in the pepsin activity in pylorusligated rats proved the anti-ulcer activity of M. indica. The increase in the levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase and reduced glutathione and decrease in lipid peroxidation in both the models proved the antioxidant activity of M. indica. Thus it can be concluded that M. indica possesses anti-ulcer activity, which can be attributed to its antioxidant mechanism of action.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.1140-1146
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• 2004

This study was carried out to investigate the comparison of immunomodualtory effects of water-extracted Ginseng Radix(GR), Pilose Asia-bell(PA), Astragali Radix(AR), Astractylodes Rhizoma alba(AA) and Dioscoreae Rhizoma (DR). The parameter examined to assess apparent immunomodulatory effect of the water-extracted GR, PA, AR, AA and DR included the regulation of Nitric oxide (NO), the expression of Th1/Th2 type cytokine, the change of B cell phenotype. The water-extracted GR, PA, AR, AA and DR inhibited NO production and iNOS protein expression in LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. In the Th1 and Th2 cytokine expression, the water-extracted GR, PA, AR, AA and DR induced IL-2 and IFNr mRNA gene expression. Therefore, it seems that the water-extracted GR, PA, AR, AA and DR have a inducing effect of Th1 type cytokines. In the Flow cytometry analysis, the water-extracted GR, PA, AR, AA and DR did not change B cell phenotype (CD45R/B220). The water-extracted GR, PA, AR, AA and DR have a reducing effect of immune suppression cause by Methotrexate (MTX), an agent of immune suppression. These results suggest that the immunomodulatory effects of the water-extracted GR, PA, AR, AA and DR may be, in part, associated with the inducing IL-2 and IFNr mRNA gene expression in and regulation of NO production in macrophage cells.