• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.312-320
• /
• 2003

Recently there is a growing interest in mobile cellular network providing multimedia service. However, the link bandwidth of mobile cellular network is not sufficient enough to provide satisfactory services to users. To overcome this problem, an adaptive framework has been proposed. In this study, we propose a new method of estimating DPR(Degradation Period Ratio) in an adaptive multimedia network where the bandwidth of ongoing call can be dynamically adjusted during its lifetime. DPR is a QoS(Quality of Service) parameter which represents the ratio of allocated bandwidth below a pre-defined target to the whole service time of a call. We improve estimation method of DPR using DTMC(Discrete Time Markov Chain) model by calculate mean degradation period, degradation probability more precisely than in existing studies. Under Threshold CAC(Call Admission Control) algorithm, we present analytically how to guarantee QoS to users and illustrate the method by numerical examples. The proposed method is expected to be used as one of CAC schemes in guaranteeing predefined QoS level of DPR.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2008.10a
• /
• pp.763-764
• /
• 2008

3D displays requires multiplexing of left and right pictures on the same screen so that they can be viewed independently by the view using various schemes, including LCD shutters, polarizers, narrow band filters, and lenticular lenses on the screen. All these methods reduce the effective screen brightness by as much as 10X. The eye responses to the lower brightness are analyzed and found to compensate partially giving a lower perceived brightness. This paper presents such eye response analysis and a low cost approach to increasing brightness in a RPTV using the long life DPR system, increasing the screen brightness by over 2.5 times, while maintaining acceptable lamp lifetime.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.100-109
• /
• 2012

Large road construction projects are typically partitioned into sections that are then contracted individually to contractors. Each section requires using similar heavy equipment including excavators, dump trucks and pavers, which constitute the highest cost. Normally the equipment is not shared between them, as each contractor wishes to have their equipment readily available. However, such practices result in very low utilization of these equipment. The goal of this research is to develop a programmatic resource sharing system in which contractors can share equipment depending on the changing needs of a multi-sectioned road project. This paper introduces the results of a survey performed to investigate how contractors currently manage the supply and demand of equipment and the equipment that are practical for sharing across a project. More importantly, the paper describes a set of metrics (DPR, nDPR, SDI) needed to quantify the amount of supply/demand variance occurring in each section. The metrics were used on an actual road construction project, and the results show that each section suffers from an imbalance between its monthly planned and actual utilization of equipment. The results also indicate that the sharing of the equipment can lead to potentially large savings as equipment requirements can be met within a project as to short leasing from outside vendors.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.32 no.6
• /
• pp.1244-1250
• /
• 2000

A method for simultaneous quantitative determination of plasticizers such as diethyl phthalate(DEP), di-n-propyl phthalate(DprP), di-n-butyl phthalate(DBP), di-n-pentyl phthalate(DPP), butylbenzyl phthalate(BBP), di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate(DEHP), dicyclohexyl phthalate(DCHP) and di-(2-ethylhexyl) adipate(DEHA), which are suspected as endocrine disruptors, in food was studied. A analysis method was optimized for the quantification of plasticizers in Jjambbong, which is a kind of fatty noodle, by using GC/FID. The detection limits of DEP, DprP, DBP, DPP, BBP, DEHP, DCHP and DEHA were 3.5, 5.3, 2.2, 2.2, 7.2, 1.7, 1.9 and 3.0 mg/kg, respectively. Much higher recovery was obtained by extraction with acetone/n-hexane(1:1) rather than hexane solvent system. The recovery of DEP, DprP, DBP, DPP, BBP, DEHP, DCHP and DEHA were 72.7, 85.9, 91.4, 97.1, 100.8, 103.2, 104.3 and 95.8% after 4 time extractions, respectively. The migration of plasticizers from PVC wraps into PVC wrap covered Jjambbong was conducted after shaking(120 rpm) for 30min at room temperature with chosen solvent system. It was found that the migration level of DEHA were 577, 706, 770 mg/kg into Jjambbong, respectively, while the other plasticizers were not observed.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2008.10a
• /
• pp.667-669
• /
• 2008

With the advancements or LEDs and lasers in projection display applications, arc lamps still provide the most cost effective solution to high brightness display systems. When will arc lamps become obsolete, will be of great importance today and tomorrow? Given the fact that traditional elliptical and parabolic reflectors had been around for decades; Wavien's new dual paraboloid reflector (DPR) technology with its unique imaging property enhances various aspects of the arc lamp performance will shed some light to this question. In this talk, various applications that are feasible today and anticipated needs of tomorrow will be presented.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
• /
• 2022.10a
• /
• pp.348-353
• /
• 2022

최근 신경망 기반의 언어모델이 발전함에 따라 대부분의 검색 모델에서는 Bi-encoder를 기반으로한 Dense retrieval 모델에 대한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 특히 DPR은 BM25를 통해 정답 문서와 유사한 정보를 가진 하드 네거티브를 사용하여 대조학습을 통해 성능을 더욱 끌어올린다. 그러나 BM25로 검색된 하드 네거티브는 term-base의 유사도를 통해 뽑히기 때문에, 의미적으로 비슷한 내용을 갖는 하드 네거티브의 역할을 제대로 수행하지 못하고 대조학습의 효율성을 낮출 가능성이 있다. 따라서 DRP의 대조학습에서 하드 네거티브의 역할을 본질적으로 수행할 수 있는 문서를 샘플링 하는 방법을 제시하고, 이때 얻은 하드 네거티브의 집합을 주기적으로 업데이트 하여 효과적으로 대조학습을 진행하는 방법을 제안한다. 지식 기반 대화 데이터셋인 MultiDoc2Dial을 통해 평가를 수행하였으며, 실험 결과 기존 방식보다 더 높은 성능을 나타낸다.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2008.11a
• /
• pp.59-66
• /
• 2008

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition Conference
• /
• 2004.11a
• /
• pp.7-16
• /
• 2004

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.355-356
• /
• 2001

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• v.48 no.1
• /
• pp.41-49
• /
• 2022

Objectives: We compared changes in fractal dimension (FD) and grayscale value (GSV) of peri-implant alveolar bone on digital panoramic radiography (DPR) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) immediately after implant surgery and 12 months postoperative. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, 16 patients who received posterior mandibular area dental implants with CBCT scans taken about 2 weeks after implantation and one year after implantation were analyzed. A region of interest was selected for each patient. FDs and GSVs were evaluated immediately after implant surgery and at 12-month follow-up to examine the functional loading of the implants. Results: There were no significant differences between DPR and CBCT measurements of FD values (P>0.05). No significant differences were observed between FD values and GSVs calculated after implant surgery and at the 12-month follow-up (P>0.05). GSVs were not correlated with FD values (P>0.05). Conclusion: The DPR and reconstructed panoramic CBCT images exhibit similar image quality for the assessment of FD. There were no changes in FD values or GSVs of the peri-implant trabecular bone structure at the 12-month postoperative evaluation of the functional loading of the implant in comparison to values immediately after implantation. GSVs representing bone mass do not align with FD values that predict bone microstructural parameters. Therefore, GSVs and FDs should be considered different parameters for assessing bone quality.