• 한국균학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.455-467
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• 2021

Macrofungi are valuable resources as novel drug candidates, new biomaterials, and edible materials. Recently, genetic approaches pertaining to macrofungi have been continuously growing for their identification, molecular breeding, and genetic engineering. However, purification and amplification of fungal DNA is challenging because of the rigid cell wall and presence of PCR inhibitory metabolites. Here, we established a direct PCR method to provide a rapid and efficient method for PCR-grade macrofungal DNA preparation applicable to both conventional PCR and real-time PCR. We first optimized the procedure of lysis and PCR using the mycelia of Lentinula edodes, one of the most widely consumed macrofungal species. Lysates prepared by neutralizing with (NH₄)₂SO₄ after heating the mycelia in a mixture of TE buffer and KOH at 65℃ for 10 min showed successful amplification in both conventional and real-time PCR. Moreover, the addition of bovine serum albumin to the PCR mixture enhanced the amplification in conventional PCR. Using this method, we successfully amplified not only internal transcribed spacer fragments but also low-copy genes ranging in length from 500 to 3,000 bp. Next, we applied this method to 62 different species (54 genera) of macrofungi, including edible mushrooms, such as Pleurotus ostreatus, and medicinal mushrooms such as Cordyceps militaris. It was found that our method is widely applicable to both ascomycetes and basidiomycetes. We expect that our method will contribute to accelerating PCR-based approaches, such as molecular identification, DNA marker typing, gene cloning, and transformant screening, in macrofungal studies.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.221-229
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• 2016

Fifty-five specimens of Octopus longispadiceus, belonging to the family Octopodidae, were collected for the first time from the East Sea of Korea and identified by DNA barcoding. This species is characterized by its long right third arm and ligula, the presence of enlarged suckers in the mature male, small white spots on the mantle, head, and arms, and no cirrus above the eye. A molecular analysis of the partial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene showed that these specimens are all the same species and have the smallest genetic distance with O. longispadiceus (Kimura- two-parameter distance = 0.002-0.003). A new Korean name, "Bal-mun-eo" is proposed for this species.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.72-77
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• 2016

The genus Scutellathous Kishii, 1955 is a small group known from Korea, Japan, and Taiwan. We carried out a taxonomic study on the Korean species of Scutellathous for the first time. As the result, S. porrecticollis (Lewis, 1894) is revealed to be commonly distributing in Korea and Japan. Additionally, we found that the previous record of Athous jactatus (Lewis, 1894) from North Korea is misidentification of S. porrecticollis. We herein provide redescription of S. porrecticollis and the result of DNA barcoding of congeners belonging to Scutellathous.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.68-71
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• 2016

Sciaria thoracica Matsumura belonging to the family Sciaridae is recorded from Korea for the first time. This species is a conspicuous species having the rufous thorax in Palearctic region. The morphological diagnosis and photos of adult, and the result of DNA barcoding inferred from the Korean and the Japanese populations of S. thoracica are provided.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.41-45
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• 2020

The genus Philanthus Fabricius, 1790 in Korea are reviewed, and two species, Philanthus triangulum and P. coronata, are treated. The former is new to Korea. This species is easily separated from congeners by dense punctures in propodral enclosure and tri-forked marking in lower face. DNA barcoding test is supportive in our identification as well as conspecitficity of Korean materials showing variation in size and coloration. The observed data on flower associations of this species specified with domestic localites and date are separately provided. The current status of Philanthus coronatus that has been the only representative of the genus but forgotten for a lengthy time in Korea is discussed.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.273-279
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• 2020

We describe a newly recorded brittle star to South Korea, Amphiura (Amphiura) digitula (H.L. Clark, 1911), that was collected from Geoje Island, at a depth of 47 m. The species is characterized by a small disk, covered by numerous fine scales, small radial shields that are wider than long, a small stumpy hook at the distal end of the radial shield, two tooth papilla, two adoral shield spines, 2nd adoral shield spine longer than other, tapered dramatically toward dull tip, five arms with four proximal arm spines, and two tentacle scales. We also obtained a 657 bp sequence from COI gene and the amplified sequence matched the general DNA barcoding region. The NJ and ML phylogenetic analyses revealed A. (A.) digitula as monophyletic in the Amphiura clade. This species is clearly distinguished from other Amphiura species by morphological characteristics and the mitochondrial COI sequence, and thus represents the sixth Amphiura species reported to occur in Korea.

• Mycobiology
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.416-420
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• 2018

Crepidiastrum sonchifolium, a flowering plant in the daisy family (Asteraceae), is native to East Asia. In Korea, this plant is a locally cultivated vegetable, and its market size is gradually growing. Since the plants with downy mildew infection were initially found at a private farm of Chuncheon city, the occurrences have continued in commercial farms of other regions, highlighting that this disease is spreading throughout Korea. The pathogen was attributed to a member of the genus Bremia that contains many specialized species, each of which displays a narrow host spectrum on Asteraceae. Based on morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses, along with the high host specificity recently proven for Bremia species, the identity of the causal agent was confirmed as a so far undescribed species of Bremia. Here, we introduce Bremia itoana sp. nov., specific to C. sonchifolium.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.188-193
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• 2022

Araeosoma owstoni Mortensen, 1904, a newly recorded sea urchin, was collected from the Korea Strait by trawling during a research expedition in April 2017. The specimen was damaged and was severely peeled off on the aboral side during trawling. However, a test and the surface of the oral side of the sample were well preserved, allowing us to successfully identify it. The species was distinguished by the large and flexible test, the tiny apical section, and the interambulacra width which is twice of the ambulacra. Pedicellaria tridentate and triphyllous were presents, but tetradactyle pedicellaria was absent due to severe peeling on the aboral side. Moreover, a length of 1,212 bp sequence from mitochondrial COI gene was obtained and this sequence covered the general DNA barcoding region. The mean of interspecific divergence within A. owstoni from Korea and other eight species of Araeosoma from the GenBank was 6.8%. This value indicated that our species was clearly distinguishable from the others. Thus, the first Araeosoma species occurring in South Korea is presented in this study.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.16-21
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• 2023

In 2022, during a survey of intertidal fauna around Jindo located in the Dadohaehaesang National Park in the South Sea, epizoic hydroids attaching onto seagrass (Zostera sp.) growing on soft sediments were collected. Through taxonomic examination, an unrecorded species, Ectopleura radiata, is newly added to the hydrozoan fauna of Korea. In addition, DNA barcoding for species from Ectopleura and Tubularia clarified the distinction among morphologically indistinguishable species without gonophores. Up to now, only one species, E. crocea, has been reported in Korea. Through this study, a total of two species belonging to genus Ectopleura have been reported in Korean waters so far.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.180-188
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• 2023

The region of the marine environment between shallow waters and deep-sea (30-150 m in depth) is referred to as the twilight or mesophotic zone. This zone has been scarcely examined, as these depths are too shallow for safe submersible operation. Since 2018, a survey of mesophotic echinoderms in Korea has yielded many specimens of interest. In this study, we present two newly recorded echinoderms, Henricia irregularis and Parastichopus nigripunctatus based on morphological redescriptions with high-definition photographs and DNA barcoding data for P. nigripunctatus.