• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.133-148
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• 2007

Objectives : The purpose of our study was to investigate the effects of Injinchunggan-tang (Yinchenchinggan-tang) on DMN liver damage caused by applying proteomics. Materials and Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this experiment; the rats were divided into the normal group (normal saline), the control group (DMN) and the samplegroup (DMN+IJCGT). The DMN was induced 3 days a week for 3 weeks in the control group. The normal saline without DMN was induced by the same method in the normal group. Injinchunggan-tang extract was orally administered twice a day for 3 weeks after DMN was induced in the sample group. The livers of each group were processed and we investigated histology, OxyBlot, 2-dimensional electrophoresis, and western blot of liver of each group. Results : In the histological findings of the liver, the control group showed portal fibrosis with a few septa or without septa. The sample group showed no fibrosis or portal fibrosis without septa. In the OxyBlot finding, Injinchunggan-tang prevented liver damage by oxidation. In the 2-dimensional electrophoresis finding, formiminotransferase cyclodeaminase (FTCD), FYVE-finger containing protein, aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), and ratio of predicted : hypothetical protein LOC68668 isoform 1 were changed. Conclusions : Injinchunggan-tang exerts an inhibitory effect against the fibrosis and oxidation induced by the DMN in the rat liver cell, and some proteins induced by the DMN were changed by Injinchunggan-tang.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.34 no.1 s.132
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• pp.60-64
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• 2003

Solanum lyratum(Solanaceae) has been used as a traditional analgesic, antipyretic and hepatoprotective agents in Korea. In this study, we investigated the hepatoprotective effect of ethylacetate extract of Solanum lyratum (SL) on the dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)-induced liver damage in rats. Oral administration of SL (150, 300 mg/kg daily for 4 weeks) into the DMN-treated rats remarkably prevented the elevation of serum alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase and alkaline phosphatase levels. SL also increased serum protein level and reduced the hepatic level of malondialdehyde in DMN-treated rats. Furthermore, DMN-induced elevation of hydroxyproline content was reduced by the treatment of SL. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that SL exhibited in vivo hepatoprotective effect against DMN-induced liver injury, and suggest that SL may be useful in the prevention of liver damage.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.200-218
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• 2008

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Injinchunggan-tang (Yinchenchinggan-tang) on DMN-induced liver damage by applying proteomics. Materials and Methods : Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this experiment and were divided into the normal group (normal saline), the control group (DMN) and the sample group (DMN+IJCGT). DMN was injected i.p. once a day three times a week for 3 weeks in the control group. Normal saline instead of DMN was administered to the normal group. In the sample group, Injinchunggan-tang (Yinchenchinggan-tang) extract was orally administered once a day for 10 days after DMN was induced. The livers of each group were processed and analyzed by histology, Western blot, $Oxyblot^{TM}$, CBB and 2-dimensional electrophoresis. Results : In the histological findings of the liver, IJCGT reduced collagen deposition and liver damage in DMN-induced hepatic fibrosis. IJCGT increased MMP-13 protein production assessed by western blot. Protein oxidation induced by DMN treatment was decreased by IJCGT. In the 2-dimensional electrophoresis finding, the level of the increased proteins induced by DMN treatment such as GRP 75, 58kDa glucose regulated protein and heat shock 70kDa protein 5 were decreased by IJCGT. IJCGT was considered to have the protective effects on hepatotoxicity induced by DMN. In the 2-dimensional electrophoresis finding, the level of increased oxidized proteins such as heat shock 70 protein, mitochondrial malonyltransferase, calreticulin precursor, actin, NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase, ankyrin repeat and SOCS box protein 11 were decreased by IJCGT. IJCGT was considered to have protective effect on the protein production induced by DMN treatment. Conclusion : Injinchunggan-tang (Yinchenchinggan-tang) exerts an inhibitory effect against the fibrosis and protein oxidation induced by DMN treatment in the rat liver. IJCGT was considered to have protective effects on the hepatotoxicity and protein production induced by DMN treatment.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.34-39
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• 2008

Oxidative stress may represent a common link between chronic liver damage and hepatic fibrosis. In the present study, we investigated activity changes of sphingomyelin catabolic enzymes, such as sphingomyelinases and ceramidases by using dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)-treated Sprague-Dawley (SD) male rats hepatic fibrosis model as a hepatic fibrosis model. Twenty rats divided into five groups received: (1) saline; (2) DMN for 1 week, (3) DMN for 2 weeks, (4) DMN for 3 weeks, and (5) DMN for 4 weeks by intraperitoneally 10 mg/kg of body weight for three consecutive days a week. Activities of acidic and neutral sphingomyelinases and acidic, neutral and alkaline ceramidases were measured in the liver and kidney from DMN-treated rats. We found increased ceramidase activities from 2-week and/or 3-week DMN treated rat livers compared to control rat liver. Acidic sphingomyelinase and alkaline ceramidase activities were significantly increased in 3-week DMN-treated rat kidneys compared to control rat kidney. Therefore, sphingolipid metabolizing enzymes and sphingolipid metabolites are supposed to be involved in liver fibrosis, although further investigation is necessary to elucidate meanings of sphingolipids during the liver fibrosis

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.181.1-181.1
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• 2003

Polyphenolic compounds have been reported to exhibit a wide range of pharmacological properties. In this study. we investigated the hepatoprotective effect of skin and seed of grape which contain abundant polyphenol compounds on dimethylnitrosamine(DMN)-induced liver damage in rats. Ingestion of skin and seed of grape (10％ diet, daily for 4 weeks) into the DMN-treated rats remarkably prevented the elevation of serum alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase and alkaline phosphatase, and bilirubin levels. (omitted)

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.180.1-180.1
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• 2003

Proanthocyanidins, one of the major natural polyphenolic compounds of grape has been reported to exhibit a wide range of pharmacological properties. In this study, we investigated the hepatoprotective effect of proanthocyanidins on the dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)-induced liver damage in rats. Oral administration of proanthocyanidins (20, 50mg/kg daily for 4 weeks) into the DMN-treated rats remarkably prevented the elevation of serum alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase and alkaline phosphatase, and bilirubin levels. (omitted)

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.122.1-122.1
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• 2003

Morin, one of the major natural flavonoids has been reported to exhibit a wide range of pharmacological properties. In this study, we investigated the hepatoprotective effect of morin on the dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)-induced liver damage in rats. Oral administration of morin (10, 20mg/kg daily for 4 weeks) into the DMN-treated rats remarkably prevented the elevation of serum alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase and alkaline phospatase, and bilirubin levels. Morin also increased serum protein level and reduced the hepatic level of malondialdehyde in DMN-treated rats. (omitted)

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.116.2-116.2
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• 2003

Aspirin and aspirin-like nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug have been the mainstay of therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. In this study, we investigated the hepatoprotective effect of aspirin on the dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)-induced liver damage in rats. Oral administration of aspirin (7.5, 15mg/kg daily for 4 weeks) into the DMN-treated rats remarkably prevented the elevation of serum alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase and alkaline phosphatase, and bilirubin levels. Aspirin also increased serum protein level and reduced the hepatic level of malondialdehyde in DMN-treated rats. (omitted)

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.147-158
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• 2024

Hepatic fibrosis refers to the scarring of liver tissue, often resulting from chronic liver injury or inflammation. It is characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix proteins, impairing liver function and potentially progressing to cirrhosis if left untreated. To improve the liver functions, Cordyceps militaris, a species of parasitic fungus known for its medicinal properties, is used in the form of extract. It has been traditionally used in Chinese medicine to boost energy, improve stamina, and support overall health. In this study, we investigated the hepatoprotective effects of Cordyceps militaris extract powder in a liver injury model induced by hepatic fibrosis. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were administered Dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) to induce liver injury, and the hepatoprotective effects of Cordyceps militaris extract powder intake were assessed by comparing changes in liver enzyme levels and histological observations. Rats injected with DMN were orally administered Cordyceps militaris extract powder at doses of 0, 125, 250, and 500 mg·kg^-1·day^-1 for three weeks. After three weeks of treatment, no significant differences were observed in hematological, clinical chemical, organ weight, gross examination, or microscopic examination between the DMN-alone group and the Cordyceps militaris extract powder-treated group. In conclusion, hepatoprotective effects against DMN-induced liver injury in SD rats treated with Cordyceps militaris extract powder were not observed under this study condition.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.179.3-180
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• 2003

Solanum lyratum (Solanaceae) has been used as a traditional analgesic, antipyretic and hepatoprotective agents in Korea. In this study, we investigated the hepatoprotective effect of ethylacetate extract of Solanum lyratum (SL) on the dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)-induced liver damage in rats. Oral administration of SL (150, 300 mg/kg daily for 4 weeks) into the DMN-treated rats remarkably prevented the elevation of serum alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase and alkaline phosphatase levels. (omitted)