• Title/Summary/Keyword: DBH. Quercus mongolica

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Site Characteristics and Stand Structure of Quercus mongolica Forests in the Republic of Korea (한국 신갈나무림의 입지환경과 임분구조)

  • Kwon, Ki Cheol;Han, Sung An;Lee, Don Koo;Jung, In Kwon;Seo, Yong Jin;Shin, Ku Taek;Jeon, Chang Seok
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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    • v.111 no.1
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    • pp.100-107
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    • 2022
  • Quercus mongolica is an important deciduous tree species in the Republic of Korea; it covers most of the total natural deciduous forest area in the country. In this study, the site characteristics and stand structure of Q. mongolica forests were investigated at sites where Q. mongolica occupied >50% of the total basal area during the 7th National Forest Inventory period (2016-2020). The total number of circular sample plots (400 m2) of Q. mongolica forests was 1,421. These forests were mainly dominant at >800 m above sea level (a.s.l). However, they were also distributed on north-facing slopes at <600 m a.s.l. and gradually on southern slopes with ascending altitudes. Quercus mongolica forests were distributed in silt loam, loam, or sandy loam soils with relatively high fertility. Dominant species distributed with Q. mongolica included Pinus densiflora, Quercus variabilis, Acer pseudosieboldianum, Fraxinus rhynchophylla, and Quercus serrata. Pinus densiflora and Q. variabilis grew in large DBH classes, Q. serrata grew in middle DBH classes, and A. pseudosieboldianum and F. rhynchophylla grew in small DBH classes. The dominant species distributed at the lower layer of Q. mongolica forests were Sasa borealis, Lindera obtusiloba, Rhododendron mucronulatum, Rhododendron schlippenbachii, Q. mongolica, and Fraxinus sieboldiana.

Forest Vegetation of the Jangtaesan, Haetaesan, Ahnpyoungsan and Gubongsan area in Daejeon Metropolitan City, Korea (대전 장태산, 해태산, 안평산과 구봉산 지역의 산림식생)

  • Kim, Hyo-Jeong;Lee, Mi-Jeong;Kwon, Oh-Won;Shin, Dong-Hoon;Lee, Kyoo-Seok;Seo, Byung-Key;Song, Ho-Kyung
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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    • v.7 no.5
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    • pp.47-56
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    • 2004
  • This study was carried out to analyze forest vegetation of the Jangtaesan, Haetaesan, Ahnpyoungsan and Gubongsan in Daejeon. Employing the releve method of Braun-Blanquet, 76 plots were sampled. The communities were classified into Quercus mongolica community, Quercus variabilis community, and Pinus densiflora community. Average coverage rate was 85% in tree layer, 44% in subtree layer, 37% in shrub layer, 25% in herb layer, respectively. The importance values were 58.76 in Pinus densiftora, 44.86 in Quercus monegolica, 44.06 in Quercus variabilis, 33.00 in Quercus serrata, 18.73 in Rhus trichocarpa, 18.07 in Prunus sargentii. DBH range of most Pinus densiflora, Quercus mongolica and Quercus variabilis was between 5cm and 20cm. Therefore, Pinus densiflora, Quercus mongolica and Quercus variabilis will be dominant species in the study area for several more decades. Quercus mongolica community was distributed mainly on the north and east slope in a high-altitude and relative good nutrition condition. Querucus variabilis community was distributed mainly on the south slope in a middle-altitude and medium nutrition condition. Pinus densiflora community was distributed mainly in a low-altitude and poor nutrition condition.

Structure of Forest Community in Mt. Yeonginsan, Asan-Shi (아산시 영인산의 산림군락 구조)

  • Cheong, Yongmoon;Bang, Euiseok;Cho, Yonghyeon;Kim, Hyunsook;Song, Hokyung
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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    • v.9 no.4
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    • pp.60-66
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    • 2006
  • With the species composition table, the forest community of Mt. Yeonginsan were classified into Quercus mongolica community, Pinus densiflora community, and Quercus acutissima community. The importance value of the study community was 73.55, 36.28, 29.87, 25.07, 24.88, and 21.25 in Quercus mongolica, Quercus serrata, Pinus densiflora, Pinus rigida, Larix leptolepis, and Quercus acutissima, respectively. According to breast diameter analysis, the importance value of Quercus mongolica, Quercus acutissima and Quercus serrata continuously increase.

Forest Vegetation on the South and North Slopes of Donghaksa Valley in Gyeryongsan National Park (계룡산 동학사계곡 남사면과 북사면의 산림식생)

  • Kim, Hyun-Sook;Kim, Ho-Jun;Lee, Kyoo-Seock;Song, Ho-Kyung
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.52-61
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    • 2004
  • This study has been carried out to classify forest vegetation in south and north slopes of Donghaksa valley for supplying basic data for conservation and restoration of the valley. With the phytosociological method, the forest of the south and north slopes of Donghaksa valley was classified as four groups; Quercus variabilis community, Quercus mongolica community, Pinus densiflora community and Carpinus laxiflora community. The dominant species were found in the order of Pinus densiflora, Quercus variabilis, Carpinus laxiflora, and Quercus mongolica. Comparing the north and south slopes, Quercus variabilis were the highest dominant species in the south and Carpinus laxiflora in the north. Pinus densiflora were the next dominant species in both south and north slopes. According to the DBH analysis result, Pinus densiflora and Quercus variabilis had density of normal distribution style among the entire community. Therefore, their dominance are expected to continue for now. But, Quercus mongolica and Carpinus laxiflora are expected to extend their influence in the future in terms of competition with Pinus densiflora. The correlation between each community and the environment according to DCCA ordination was examined in this study. The result told us that Quercus variabilis is distributed mainly on the south slope in a mid-steep and mid-altitude area. Quercus mongolica community appeared on the north slope in the steep high-altitude area that has high percentage in total nitrogen and CEC. Pinus densiflora community is distributed on both south and north slopes in a gentle slope and low-altitude area. Carpinus laxiflora is distributed on the north slope in a mid-steep and mid-altitude area.

Ecological Studies on the Vegetational Characteristics of the Abies koreana Forest (구상나무림(林)의 군락생태학적 연구)

  • Lee, Yoon Won;Hong, Sung Cheon
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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    • v.84 no.2
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    • pp.247-257
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    • 1995
  • This research carried out forest community classification on the basis of the methods of ZM school, in order to furnish useful information needed for forest management, and for afforestation and preservations of Abies koreana forest which was Korean native species, and the research results could be summarized as follows. Abies koreana forest was divided into 10 vegetation units ; This forest was divided into Abies koreana-Quercus mongolica community and Abies koreana-Sasa quelpartensis community. Abies koreana-Quercus mongolica community was divided into Tripterygium regelii group, Patrinia saniculaefolia group, and Typical group, and Tripterygium regelii group seas divided into Typical subgroup. Pimpinella brachycarpa subgroup, and Hemirocallis fulva subgroup. Abies koreana-Sasa quelpartensis community was divided into Berberis koreana group, Trachelospermum asiaticum var. intermedium group, and Typical group. Berberis koreana group was divided into Typical subgroup and Hepatica asiatica subgroup, and Tranchelospermum asiaticum var. intermedium group was divided into Hepatica asiatica subgroup and Typical subgroup. According to the results of the analysis by coincidence method, Abies koreana-Quercus mongolica community represented in Mt. Chiri, Mt. Deokyu and Mt. Kaya which were located in the Sobaek mountains, Abies koreana-Sasa quelpartensis community represented in Mt. Hanla. Therefore it was thought that Abies koreana forest was classified by geographical position, and vegetation units of Abies koreana forest tended to be classified by the altitude and topography. As for DBH and height of Abies koreana, mean DBH and height of Abies koreana-Quercus mongolica community were each 28.4cm, 10.6m that were larger than mean DBH and mean height(each 23.6cm, 6.3m) of Sasa quelpartensis community. Among Abies koreana-Quercus mongolica community, Patrinia saniculae-folia group had the smallest mean DBH and mean height(20cm, 5m), and among Abies koreana-Sasa quelpartensis community, Typical group had the smallest mean DBH and mean height(4cm, 3m).

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Study on the DBH Analysis and Forest Succession of Pinus densiflora and Quercus mongolica Forests (소나무림(林)과 신갈나무림(林)의 흉고직경급(胸高直徑級) 분석(分析)과 천이(遷移)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究))

  • Song, Ho Kyung;Jang, Kyu Kwan
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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    • v.86 no.2
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    • pp.223-232
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    • 1997
  • One hundred Sixty two quadrats were sampled from natural forests, in Kangwon-do and Kyungsangbuk-do. On the basis of Mueller-Dombois & Ellenberg method, field survey, which accounts for the characters of the species structure of Pinus densiflora community and Quercus mongolica community, was carried out between 1991 and 1994. To analyze the data, CCA ordination and D.B.H, analysis were used. 1. DBH analysis showed that Pinus densiflora community is likely replacing Quercus mongolica or Quercus variabilis community. DBH analysis also showed that Quercus mongolica - Lindera obtusiloba community balances among the Quercus mongolica, Fraxinus rhynchophylla, and Tilia amurensid in the canopy, and that Quercus mongolica-Abies nephrolepis community, mixed forest balances among the Quercus mongolica, Pinus koraiensis, and Abies nephrolepis in the canopy. In general, Quercus mongolica seems to remain as a dominant species. 2. A certain correlation seems to exist between nutrients types and Pinus densiflora community. Quercus mongolica prefered to grow in the medium elevation area that has medium level of total nitrogen, organic matter, and C.E.C. Pinus densiflora, Quercus serrata and Quercus variabilis were found in the low elevation area that has low level of total nitrogen, organic matter, and C.E.C. 3. There seemed to be a certain correlation between nutrients types and Quercus mongolica community. Quercus mongolica and Acer pseudosieboldianum was distributed in the slope area that has medium level of $Mg^{{+}{+}}$, $Ca^{{+}{+}}$, and C.E.C., while Abies nephrolepis, Taxus cuspidata and Pinus koraiensis in the high elevation and ridge area that has low level of $Mg^{{+}{+}}$, $Ca^{{+}{+}}$, and C.E.C. Carpinus laxiflora and Abies holophylla were found in the medium elevation area that has medium level of $Mg^{{+}{+}}$, $Ca^{{+}{+}}$, and C.E.C., while Kalopanax pious, Carpinus cordata and Acer truncatum in the moderately moist and valley area that has high level of $Mg^{{+}{+}}$, $Ca^{{+}{+}}$, and C.E.C. Pinus densiflora and Fraxinus rhynchophylla seemed to prefer the slightly dry, low elevation and ridge area.

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Forest Vegetation and Soil Environment on Mt. Mohu (모후산 삼림식생과 토양환경)

  • Lee, Ho-Joon;Kang, Jae-gu;Chun, Young-Moon;Kim, Jong-Hong;Bae, Byung-Ho
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • v.18 no.3
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    • pp.367-383
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    • 1995
  • The relationship between floristic composition and soil environmental factors was investigated in the forest vegetation of Mt. Mohu.The forest vegetation unit of the Mt. Mohu could be divided into three communities, Quercus mongolica community, Pinus densiflora community and Quercus variabilis community. There were two subcommunities in Quercus mongolica community, which were Rhododendron schlippcubachii subcommunity and Stephanandra incisa subcommunity. The Quercus mongolica community was distributed at the altitude of 600~900 m, Pinus densiflora and Quercus variabilis communities were distributed on south-west slope at the altitudes of 430~520 m and 400~500 m, respectively.The DBH class of dominant species in each community showed that Quercus mongolica had 9 individuals/a at 11~15 cm class, Quercus variabilis 5.6 individuals/a at 11~15 cm class, and Pinus densiflora 8 individuals/a at 16~20 cm class. Quercus mongolica. Quercus variabilis and Pinus densiflora communities showed a bell-shape distribution.The contents of organic matter and soil water, and cation exchange capacity of the soil increased and the pH decreased in proportion to increased altitude. The soil environmental conditions of Quercus mongolica community were more favorable than those of Pinus densiflora and Quercus variabilis communities.The supposed successional sere of the forest vegetation of Mt. Mohu was as follows: Pinus densiflora community.Quercus variabilis community.Quercus mongolica community

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Vegetation community composition and changes of Jinaksan (Mt.) in Korea

  • Seungah Yang;Mira Lee;Badamtsetseg Bazarragchaa;Hyoun Sook Kim;Sang Myong Lee;Joongku Lee
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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    • v.50 no.2
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    • pp.165-180
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    • 2023
  • This study investigated 62 nested quadrat plots of Jinaksan to identify community classification and changes of the vegetation by using the phytosocial method and analyzed importance values. Vegetation types were classified into 8 communities: Quercus mongolica community, Q. variableis community, Q. aliena community, Pinus densiflora, Q. acutissima, Zelkova serrata, Carpinis laxiflora, and C. tschonoskii. The significance value was highest in Q. mongolica (62.75) followed by P. densiflora (55.16), Q. variabilis community (25.03), Z. serrata (22.17), Q. aliena (18.30), Prunus serrulata var. pubescens (16.86), C. laxiflora (13.25), Q. acutissima (10.72), C. tschonoskii (10.08), Q. serrata (8.02), Fraxinus sieboldiana (6.93), Acer pseudosieboldianum (6.73), and Styrax obassis (5.73). Quercus mongolica displayed a stable distribution pattern, presenting a reverse J-shaped curve from the diameter at breast height (DBH) analysis, and it was judged that current state would be maintained for a certain period. In addition, P. densiflora is expected to dominate for the time being and Quercus species are expected to gradually decrease.

Classification and Analysis of Community Structure of Jinaksan Forest in Geumsan (금산 진악산의 산림군락 분류 및 구조 분석)

  • Ji, Yoon-Eui;Lee, Mi-Jung;Kim, Hyo-Jeong;Lee, Kyoo-Seock;Lee, Sun;Song, Ho-Kyung
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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    • v.21 no.3
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    • pp.262-270
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    • 2003
  • This study was carried out to analyze forest vegetation of Jinaksan in Geumsan, Chungnam Province. Employing the releve method of Braun-Blanquet, 26 plots were sampled in forest of Jinaksan. The communities were classified into Quercus mongolica, Quercus variabilis, Quercus aliena, and Pinus densiflora communities. Coverage rate was 79.4% in tree layer,27.6% in subtree layer,37.0% in shrub layer, 31.1% in herb layer, respectively. The importance values were 45.51 in Q. mongolica,44.17 in P. densiflora,26.56 in Q. variabilis,26.78 in Q. serrata,20.81 in Q. aliena, and 15.58 in Prunus serrulata var. spontanea, respectively. Most of the DBH in the Q. mongolica, Q. variabilis, Q. aliena, and p. densiflora was between 5 cm and 15 cm. Therefore, Q. mongolica, Q. variabilis, and Q. aliena will be dominant species in the study area for several decades.

Plant Community Structure of the Choksangsansong Area in T$\v{o}$kyusan National Park (덕유산 국립공원 적상산성 일원의 식물군집구조)

  • 오구균
    • Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.172-180
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    • 1994
  • The forest of Choksangsansong area was studied to investigate vegetational structure with twenty-five plots(20m$\times$25m). Relative importance values, DBH class distribution, species, diversity indices, DCA ordination and TWINSPAN classification were used for vegetational structure analysis. Quercus mongolica, Carpinus cordata, Quercus serrata and Cornus controversa were appeared to be dominant species in each plot and dominant species in the Choksangsansong area was Quercus mongolica. The forest of Choksangsansong area was classified into four groups and showed seral stage from Quercus mongolica to Carpinus cordata. Vegetational succession in the Choksangsansong area shall be accelerated to moist and shade tolerant species due to cool and humid climatic condition by upper dam construction of the Mujuyangspalchonso (pumping up power station).

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