• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.428-435
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• 2015

This study was conducted to investigate the quality characteristics of instant gruel containing ear mushroom and black rice with the goal of improving the added value and increasing the consumption of ear mushroom. To make ear mushroom instant gruel using the puffing technique, the proportion of white rice to black rice and the amounts of dried ear mushroom added ranged from 75~100% : 25~0% and 0~4%, respectively. Based on rapid visco analysis (RVA) of gruel powder, peak viscosity, holding strength, final viscosity and set back increased as we increased the proportion of dried ear mushroom and decreased that of black rice. The gruel made of 80% white rice : 20% black rice and 3% dried ear mushroom contained $18.53{\mu}g/100g$ vitamin $D_2$, 3.73 g/100 g dietary fiber and is therefore expected to improve bone health and bowel movement. Also, the DPPH free radical scavenging activity for this gruel was 56.7%, which indicates high antioxidant activity. In contrast, using 100% white rice or 75% white rice : 25% black rice adversely affected the taste and flavor of the gruel.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.441-447
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• 2013

Purpose: The present study was conducted to investigate the axial rotations of toric soft lens during the change of lens wearer's posture, and the relationship between its rotation and corneal astigmatism. Methods: The amount, direction, and speed of toric soft contact lens rotation were measured for 42 eyes (aged 20s) with the rule astigmatism in the straight and lying postures, and it compared between their changes according to corneal astigmatism. Results: There was no significant difference in the axial rotation of lens for the astigmatism prescription between the straight and lying postures. However, the rotation angle was significantly different according to the posture of lens wearer. Rotating directions in straight posture were nasal direction for 20 eyes and temporal direction for 22 eyes. In lying posture, lenses of most wearers were rotated to a direction of lying posture, and the initial rotating speed was very fast in initial wearing for -0.75 D toric lenses, but consistency for -1.25 D toric lenses. The rotation angle in lying posture showed significantly different according to the amount of corneal astigmatism, the lens speed was also significantly different according to the wearing time but not the amount of corneal astigmatism. Conclusions: The axial rotation of toric soft lens was different by the lens wearer's posture and its amount was the greater with the higher degree of corneal astigmatism. Thus, these factors should be considered for the development of toric lens design.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.38A no.8
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• pp.623-628
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• 2013

The retrodirective array antenna system is operated faster than existing techniques of beamforming due to its less complexity. Therefore, it is effective for beam tracking in the environment of fast vehicle. On the other hand, it also has difficulty in estimating AOA according to multipath environment or multiuser signals. To improve the certainty of estimating AOA), this article proposes hybrid digital retrodirective array antenna systme combined with MUSIC algorithm. In this paper, the digital retrodirective array antenna system is designed according to the number of antenna array by using only one digital PLL which finds angle of delayed phase. And we evaluate the performance of the digital retrodirective array antenna for the high speed tracking application. Performance is studied by simulink when the speed of mobile is 300km/h and the distance between transmitter and receiver is 100m and then we have to confirm the performance of the system in multi path environment. As a result, the mean of AOA (Angle Of Arrival) error is $4.2^{\circ}$ when SNR is 10dB and it is $1.3^{\circ}$ when SNR is 20dB. Consequently, the digital RDA shows very good performance for high speed tracking due to the simple calculation and realization.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.325-350
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• 2020

For University students, reading is one of the important way of character education and career education that can give students the power to recognize and adapt to changes in society. The university supports the reading activities of university students in various ways, such as opening liberal arts courses related to reading or setting up required credits. In addition, it supports activities such as selecting the recommended book list for university students and providing the list. The purpose of this study is to analyze the problems of the current university's recommended book list and methods of using reading, and to propose improvement plans. To this end, using D University as an example, the current status of the recommended book list and reading discussion program were identified, and problems were investigated. In the current recommended book list, the subject area and list did not properly reflect the times, and the information on the provided list was very simple. Also, it was found that there was no suggestion on how to use the recommended book list. Through this, the recommended book list with the addition of bibliographic information and composition of the subject area was proposed. In addition, the reading discussion method was structured using Havruta.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.671-679
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to develop a practical caries activity test by fluorescence using laser, plasma light and halogen light. The subjects of study were 45 children of 7-8 years old Argon laser, plasma light and halogen light were irradiated to buccal or labial surface of all teeth. Fluorescence of initial carious lesion from teeth was observed through barrier filter and the number of teeth showing lesion was counted. Visual examination for the dDfFtT, mutans streptococci screening test and Lactobacilli colony counting were also done. Data analysis was accomplished by Axelsson's method. The result from the present study can be summarized as follows. 1. Laser, plasma light and halogen light could detect the initial carious lesions better than visual examination(p<0.05). 2. There was positive correlation between laser(r=0.42), plasma light(r=0.41), halogen light(r=0.39) and dBfFtT rate(p<0.01). 3. The specificity sensitivity and predictive value was showed highest value in laser, but was showed favorable value in plasma light and halogen light. In regard to above results, laser, plasma light and halogen light all considered to be reliable method for determining individual caries activity. And they were also considered to be practical method because it would be simple, inexpensive, and time saving method.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.590-595
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• 1995

To examine the characteristics of antioxidative compounds from Capsella bursa-pastoris, ethanol extracts were separated into five organic solvent fractions; hexane(Fr.H), diethyl ether (Fr.E), ethyl acetate(Fr.EA), butanol (Fr.B), and water(Fr.D) fractions. Fr.B showed the greatest electron donating ability and inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation. Whereas Fr.E had the most excellent activity in the superoxide radical scavenging activity by xanthine/xanthine oxidase-cytochrome c reduction system. The inhibitory effect of each fraction on xanthine oxidase was also measured. Fr.E had the strongest inhibitory effect on xanthine oxidase and $IC_{50}$ was $5.65\;{\mu}g$. The results indicate that the superoxide radical scavenging activity of Fr.E is caused by the inhibitory effect on radical generating system of xanthine oxidase. Also the order of inhibitory effect on xanthine oxidase was Fr.B

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.91-103
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• 2013

In this Research, in order to improve problems of not enough technical validation and structural and hydraulic stability evaluation when nature-friendly revetment block is applied to field, hydraulic stability evaluation according to hydraulic behavior change of porosity soil block for vegetation reinforcement that secures ecological function was reviewed. By selecting object section, numerical analysis and hydraulic model experiments were performed; for numerical analysis, by using 1-dimensional numerical analysis model HEC-RAS and 2-dimensional numerical analysis RMA-2, one-dimensional(1D) and two-dimensional(2D) numerical analysis were performed; by applying Froude's similarity law, reduced-scale hydraulic model experiments according to vegetation existence were performed. In hydraulic model experiment, for validity of experiment result, the result of velocity and tractive force of reduced-scale hydraulic model experiments was converted to prototype so that it can be compared and reviewed under the same condition of one-dimensional(1D) and two-dimensional(2D) numerical analysis result; as a result, it was confirmed that comparatively united result appeared, and by comparing prototype-converted tractive force result with revetment's allowable tractive force coming from an existing research, block's hydraulic stability was suggested.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.623-635
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• 2011

Inefficient rumen microbial fermentation is a major factor limiting intake of low quality roughage in ruminants. In this study, the effect of energy supplementation on rumen microbial fermentation, absorption of balanced digestion products and voluntary feed intake in sheep was investigated. A basal diet of a urea-treated mixture of wheaten chaff and barley straw (3:1 DM) containing 22.2 g N/kg DM was used. Four Merino-cross wethers weighing $45{\pm}4.38\;kg$ and fitted with permanent rumen and abomasal cannulae were allocated to four treatments in a $4{\times}4$ Latin square design. The dietary treatments were basal diet ($E_0$), or basal diet supplemented with sucrose (112.5 g/d) administered to the animals intra-ruminally ($E_R$), abomasally ($E_A$), or through both routes (50:50) ($E_{RA}$). Feed intake (basal and dietary) was increased (p<0.05) by sucrose supplementation through the rumen ($E_R$) or abomasum ($E_A$). However, there was no difference (p>0.05) in intake between animals on the control diet and those supplemented with sucrose through both intraruminal and abomasal routes ($E_{RA}$). The digestibility of DM and OM was highest in $E_R$ and $E_A$ supplemented animals. Although the rumen pH was reduced (p<0.001) in animals supplemented with sucrose entirely intra-ruminally ($E_R$), the in sacco degradation of barley straw in the rumen was not adversely affected (p>0.05). Intra-ruminal sucrose supplementation resulted in a higher concentration of total VFA, acetate and butyrate, while the pattern of fermentation showed a higher propionate: acetate ratio. Intra-ruminal supplementation also increased (p<0.05) the glucogenic potential (G/E) of the absorbed VFA. However, there was no difference (p>0.05) in microbial protein production between the four dietary treatments. Protozoa numbers were increased (p<0.05) by intra-ruminal supplementation of sucrose.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.220-227
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• 2021

PCT (Power Cable Tunnel) and UT (Utility Tunnel), which are non-transport underground infrastructures, are mostly RC (Reinforced Concrete) structures, and their durability decreases due to the deterioration caused by carbonation over time. In particular, since the rate of carbonation varies by use and region, a predictive model based on actual carbonation data is required for individual maintenance. In this study, a carbonation prediction model was developed for non-transport underground infrastructures, such as PCT and UT. A carbonation prediction model was developed using multiple regression analysis and deep neural network techniques based on the actual data obtained from a safety inspection. The structures, region, measurement location, construction method, measurement member, and concrete strength were selected as independent variables to determine the dependent variable carbonation rate coefficient in multiple regression analysis. The adjusted coefficient of determination (Ra2) of the multiple regression model was found to be 0.67. The coefficient of determination (R2) of the model for predicting the carbonation of non-transport underground infrastructures using a deep neural network was 0.82, which was superior to the comparative prediction model. These results are expected to help determine the optimal timing for repair on carbonation and preventive maintenance methodology for PCT and UT.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.83-88
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• 2005

This study was conducted to estimate the contents of heavy metals including lead, cadmium, zinc, copper as well as iron status(serum iron, total iron binding capacity, feritin etc)in blood samples of middle school students(n=300). The contents of heavy metals were determined using the GF-AAS (Graphite furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer). The microwave digestion method and dilution method were compared. The dilution method showed the better recovery and detection limit than microwave digestion method. The values of toxic metals in whloe blood of boys & girls were 3.46 & 3.05 for Pb,0.063 & 0.065 for Cd respectively (ug/dL). Also the values of trace metals in serum of boys & girls were 105.9 & 92.6 for Zn, 98.3 & 99.0 for Cu respectively (ug/dL). The prevalence of iron deficiency was $7.5\%$ in 146 boys and $14.3\%$ in 156 girls. The mean values of lead in girls were higher in iron deficiency, iron deficiency anemia and anemia groups than normal group. The mean values of lead and zinc were higher in boys compared to those in girls(P<0.05), the mean values of cadmium and copper in boys were similar to those in girls. Our results of toxic metals such as Pb & Cd showed lower to CDC's(Centers for Disease Control) blood lead levels of concern for children, 10 ug/dL.