• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.43-48
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• 1979

For the purpose of further health control, D-penicillamine was orally administered to 8 persons who were employed in lead industry and suspected lead intoxication routine industrial health examination. The does of D-penicillamine was 600 mg per day and was administered orally in every other 5 days, For the laboratory analysis 24 hours urine and 10 gm of whole blood were collected every day. The results were as follows; 1. It was found that mean urinary lead excretion per day was 446.5 g/l and 394.98 g/l, respectively during the first 5-day and the second 5-day administration with D-penicillamine. 2. Mean lead excretion per day was $130.56{\pm}66.42g/l$ after first 5-day administration and $159.28{\pm}104.44g/l$ after second 5-day administration with D-penicillamine. 3. The level of urinary lead excretion after administration increased 3 to 4 times than that before administration with D-peniciilamine. 4. Blood and urinary lead level investigated after 6 months were $44.4{\pm}10.2g/100g\;and\;72.7{\pm}29.7\;g/l$ for the eight persons.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2-2
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• pp.243.2-244
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• 2003

Purpose: This study evaluated gender differences and extents of accumulation on chronic dose of CJ-1l555 using rats. Method: 0, 10, 50 and 200 mg/kg/day of CJ-11555 (0.5% CMC) were orally administered to rats for 28 days and observed toxicokinetic parameters. Plasma concentrations were analyzed by LC-MS/MS Result: Exposure to CJ-11555 increased with the increase in dose level for both sexes. Mean concentrations at 10 and 50 mg/kg/day were generally similar an Days 1 and 28, but were generally highter on Day 28 than on Day 1 at 200 mg/kg/day. (omitted)

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.1463-1468
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• 2007

Emission of methyl bromide(MeBr) of soil fumigant was implicated in stratospheric ozone depletion. To determine the environmental fate for 1,3-dichloropene(1,3-D) of alternatives fumigants for MeBr, this paper researched the transformation for 1,3-D in water and soil. Half lives of cis-1,3-D in water with first-order kinetics are 9.9day and 1.7day at $25^{\circ}C\;and\;40^{\circ}C$, half lives of trans-1,3-D are 8.6day and 1.5day at $25^{\circ}C\;and\;40^{\circ}C$, respectively. Transformation for 1,3-D in water at high temperature faster then at low temperature. Hydrolysis for 1,3-D in water are unaffected at $pH\;2.5{\sim}pH\;10.0$, but hydrolysis for 1,3-D at pH 11.5 higher then at $pH\;2.5{\sim}pH\;10.0$. Half lives of cis-1,3-D in soil are 11.5day and 7.7day at 3% and 10% of soil moisture, half lives of trans-1,3-D are 9.9day and 6.9day at 3% and 10% of soil moisture, respectively. Transformation for 1,3-D in water increased with increasing soil moisture. Transformation for trans-1,3-D isomer are more rapid then cis-1,3-D isomer in water and soil. This research has identified that transformation for 1,3-dichloropropene are affected by temperature, pH, soil moisture, and isomer of cis and trans in water and soil.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제59권7호
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• pp.292-297
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• 2016

Purpose: To compare different regimens of vitamin D with respect to its serum increment levels and bone mineral accrual in vitamin D-deficient children. Methods: Children identified as being vitamin D deficient (serum levels<20 ng/mL) were divided into 3 treatment groups by stratified block randomization (group 1, 4,000 IU/day of vitamin D3 plus 50 mg/kg/day calcium for 12 weeks; group 2, 30,000 IU/wk of vitamin D3 plus 50 mg/kg/day calcium for 12 weeks; and group 3, 300,000 IU of vitamin D3 once intramuscularly plus 50 mg/kg/day calcium). After regimen completion, each child received a maintenance dose of 400 IU/day vitamin D3 plus 50 mg/kg/day calcium. Their serum vitamin D level was measured after 3 and 12 months. Total body less head bone mineral concentration (BMC) and total body less head bone mineral density (BMD) were measured after 12 months. Results: The mean increment in serum vitamin D levels from baseline to 3 months was significantly higher in group 3 than in groups 1 and 2, but the levels from 3 to 12 months were almost similar among all 3 groups. There were no significant differences among the 3 groups with respect to percentage increase of BMD and BMC. Conclusion: The injectable form of vitamin D was more efficacious than the oral forms in increasing the serum level to the normal range. All 3 regimens were equally effective in increasing the BMC and BMD. The 400 IU/day maintenance dose was sufficient to keep the serum level within the normal range.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제58권4호
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• pp.368-372
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• 2015

Objective : The occurrence of acute cerebral infection following deep brain stimulation (DBS) is currently being reported with elevation of C-reactive protein (CRP) level. The aim of the present study was to establish normal range of the magnitude and time-course of CRP increases following routine DBS procedures in the absence of clinical and laboratory signs of infection. Methods : A retrospective evaluation of serial changes of plasma CRP levels in 46 patients undergoing bilateral, two-staged DBS was performed. Because DBS was performed as a two-staged procedure involving; implantation of lead and internal pulse generator (IPG), CRP was measured preoperatively and postoperatively every 2 days until normalization of CRP (post-lead implantation day 2 and 4, post-IPG implantation day 2, 4, and 6). Results : Compared with preoperative CRP levels ($0.12{\pm}0.17mg/dL$, n=46), mean CRP levels were significantly elevated after lead insertion day 2 and 4 ($1.68{\pm}1.83mg/dL$, n=46 and $0.76{\pm}0.38mg/dL$, n=16, respectively, p<0.001). The mean CRP levels at post-lead implantation day 2 were further elevated at post-IPG implantation day 2 ($3.41{\pm}2.56mg/dL$, n=46, respectively, p<0.01). This elevation in post-IPG day 2 rapidly declined in day 4 ($1.24{\pm}1.29mg/dL$, n=46, p<0.05) and normalized to preoperative value at day 6 ($0.42{\pm}0.33mg/dL$, n=46, p>0.05). Mean CRP levels after IPG implantation were significantly higher in patients whose IPGs were implanted at post-lead day 3 than those at post-lead day 5-6 ($3.99{\pm}2.80mg/dL$, n=30, and $2.31{\pm}1.56mg/dL$, n=16, respectively, p<0.05). However, there was no difference in post-IPG day 2 and 4 between them (p>0.05). Conclusion : The mean postoperative CRP levels were highest on post-IPG insertion day 2 and decreased rapidly, returning to the normal range on post-IPG implantation day 6. The duration of post-lead implantation period influenced the magnitude of CRP elevation at post-IPG insertion day 2. Information about the normal response of CRP following DBS could help to avoid unnecessary diagnostic and therapeutic efforts.

• 에너지공학
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.132-139
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• 2001

석탄가스화 복합발전의 집진 공정에 사용하기 위한 금속제 safety filter의 재질 선정을 위하여 황화수소 가스 분위기에서 합금강의 부식 특성을 규명하였다. 사용 합금강은 SUS 310, SUS 316, Inconel 600과 Hastelloy X이다. 전기로 내에 설치된 지름 50mm의 qualtz 튜브 반응기에서 부식실험이 행하여졌다. 40$0^{\circ}C$부터 $700^{\circ}C$까지의 등은 조건에서 실험이 행하여졌고, 분위기 가스의 영향을 보기 위하여 H$_2$S 가스를 함유한 $N_2$(dry), $N_2$(saturation), $CO_2$(dry), 그리고 석탄가스 분위기에서 실험하였다. 부식 생성물을 파악하기 위하여 X-ray 회절기와 주사전자현미경 분석이 함께 이루어졌다. 1.7% H$_2$S, $600^{\circ}C$ 이하 온도 조건에서는 니켈계 내식강 중 Hastelloy X와 철계 내식강 중 SUS 310 등 고크롬 합금강이 IGCC 용 필터 소재 금속으로서 높은 내부식성을 나타내었다. 0.3%~4.99% 황화수소 농도 범위에서 황화수소 농도 변화에 따라서 SUS 310의 경우 3~237mg/d$m^2$.day, Inconel 600의 경우 4~660mg/d$m^2$.day로 부식속도는 크게 증가되었다. 50$0^{\circ}C$, 석탄가스 분위기에서 부식속도는 SUS 310은 45mg/d$m^2$.day, SUS 316은 110mg/d$m^2$.day, Inconel 600은 576mg/d$m^2$.day, 그리고 Hastelloy X 는 140mg/d$m^2$.day로서 합금강 시편 중 SUS 310 합금강이 가장 우수한 내식성을 나타내었다. 부식 표면에는 황화니켈, 황화철 피막이 형성되었다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.437-446
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• 2016

본 연구는 국민건강영양조사 5기의 2011년 자료를 이용하여 만 19세 이상 남녀를 대상으로 비타민D 섭취량과 혈중 25OHD 농도, 골밀도와의 관계를 분석하였다. 평균 비타민D 섭취량은 남성이 $3.84{\pm}0.23{\mu}g/day$, 여성은 $2.22{\pm}0.11{\mu}g/day$로 나타났으며, AI 미만 섭취 비율은 남성은 71.6~96.6%,여성은 80.2~98.5%로 모두 높게 나타났으며 여성이 남성에 비해 더 높았다. 혈중 25OHD 농도는 연령이 높아질수록 증가했으며, 혈중 25OHD의 결핍수준을 20 ng/mL 미만으로 보았을 때 남성은 47.8~81.1%, 여성은 59.4~92.8%의 결핍률을 보였고 젊은 층의 결핍률이 더 높았다. 50세 미만과 이상으로 나누어 비타민D 섭취량과 혈중 25OHD 농도, BMD와의 관계를 조사한 결과 50세 미만 연령층군에서는 비타민D 섭취량이 $10{\mu}g/day$ 이상인 군이 $5{\mu}g/day$ 이하인 군에 비하여 유의하게 혈중 25OHD 농도가 더 높았으며, 50세 이상 여성에서는 비타민D 섭취량이 $10{\mu}g/day$ 이상인 군이 $5{\mu}g/day$ 이하인 군에 비하여 골밀도가 유의하게 높게 나타났다. 즉, 한국 성인 남녀의 비타민D 섭취량 수준은 상당히 취약한 상태이나 식사를 통한 비타민D가 혈중 25OHD 농도를 상승시킬 수 있음을 보여주고 있다. 그러므로 한국인이 비타민D 섭취량을 늘릴 수 있도록 강화식품 정책 등을 통해 비타민D 섭취량을 늘리는 방안을 모색하여야 한다. 특히, 2010년에 비해 2015년 한국인영양소섭취기준에서 19~49세 연령층의 비타민D 충분섭취량을 $5{\mu}g$에서 $10{\mu}g$으로 상향조정한 것은 바람직한 방향으로 개정된 것으로 판단된다.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.153-170
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• 1989

Recently, frequently using hyperbaric oxygen therapy is known for its effectiveness on the healing of problem wounds such as osteomyelitis, osteoradionecrosis and gas gangrenous wound etc. The main objectives of this study was to determine the best protocol of its application of hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Author used 238 rats (Sprague-Dawley strain) deviding into 2 Groups, experimental I group for skin and experimental II group for palatal mucosal ischemic wounds, and observed its effects by microscopically. The obtained results summarized as follows; 1. Severe infiltration of inflammatory cells was observed in initial stages of both control and experimental I group. The infiltration showed decreasing tendency at 5th day of experimental D, E, F group while at 8th day in control group In d, f of experimental II group showed decreasing tendency at 8th experimental day while at 12th day in control group. 2. Macrophages appeared at 2nd day in D of experimental I group while at 6th day in control group. In d, f of experimental II group appeared at 6th day while at 10th day in control group. 3. As to the proliferation of capillary blood vessels showed at 3-4 day in most of experimental I group severely while at 8th day in control group. In experimental II group, it was at 8th day and 12th day respectively. 4. The proliferation of fibroblasts showed rather rapider in experimental I group, at 4-6th day, while at 8th day in control group. In experimental II group, it was at 8th day and 12th day respectively. 5. As to the collagen formations, it was at 4th day in experimental I group while at 8th day in control group. In experimental II group, it was at 6th day and 10th day respectively. 6. 5 rats (2.0 %) in E group and 8 rats (3.4 %) in f group showed oxygen toxic reaction, such as unstable attitude and tremor, during the experiments. This hyperbaric oxygen animal experiments disclosed excellent effects on the ischemic wound healing and it is thought to be the best protocol of its application was on D group (2.5 ATM. and 2 hrs, exposure).

• 유기물자원화
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.82-90
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• 2008

돼지의 분뇨 발생량을 측정한 결과, 3계절과 생체 중량을 고려한 평균 분뇨 발생량은 분이 1.49kg/head/d, 뇨가 3.08kg/head/d로서 총 4.57kg/head/d가 발생하였다. 오염물질 항목별 발생부하 원단위는 BOD 199.5g/head/d, CODCr 413.5g/head/d, 총질소 27.8g/head/d, 총인이 5.3g/head/d로서 BOD를 제외한 기타 오염물질의 발생부하 원단위는 기존 문헌상의 값과 유사하게 나타났다. 한우의 경우 분 발생량은 10.9kg/head/day 뇨 발생량은 3.3kg/head/day 으로 조사되어 농림부(2000)의 조사결과보다 다소 적게 나타났다. 젖소의 경우 분 발생량은 24.6L/head/day 로 다른 기관과는 차이가 났지만, 환경부(2006)의 자료와는 비슷하게 나타났으며, 뇨 발생량은 10.5L/head/day 로 농림부(2000)와 축산기술연구소(2000)보다는 높았지만, 환경부(2006)와 국립환경연구원(1986)과 한국과학기술원(1990)보다는 다소 낮게 조사되었다. 닭의 오염물질 배출량 및 농도분석 원단위를 통하여 산출된 배출부하 원단위는 사육두수 및 사료의 종류, 분의 처리방법의 상이함에 의해 산란계에서 높게 나타난 것으로 판단된다. 배출부하 원단위 중 사슴의 경우 기존의 문헌보다 높게 측정된 것은 사슴의 축종별 체중과 오염물질 발생량의 차이에 의한 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.627-640
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• 1998

골 성장 및 개조에 관여하는 전신적 조절인자인 $1,25-(OH)_2D_3$와 국소적 조절인자인 $TGF-{\beta}$가 사람의 치주인대세포 기능에 미치는 영향을 관찰하고자 그 인자들을 단독 혹은 복합적으로 치주인대세포에 가하여 그 활성 변화를 측정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 10ng/m1 농도의 vitamin $D_3$를 치주인대세포에 가한 후 배양 1, 2, 3일째의 활성은 대조군과 차이가 없었으나, 50ng/ml 농도로 가한 후 배양 3째일에는 대조군에 비해 유의하게 증가하였으며, 100ng/m1 농도에서는 배양 1, 2, 3일째에 유의하게 증가하였다. 2. 0.1ng/ml 농도의 $TGF-{\beta}$를 치주인대세포에 가한 후 배양 1, 2, 3일째의 활성은 대조군과 유의한 차이가 없었으나, 1ng/ml나 5ng/ml농도의 $TGF-{\beta}$를 가한 경우 배양 3일째에 유의하게 증가되었으며 10ng/ml농도의 경우에는 배양 2, 3일째에 유의하게 증가하였다. 3. 1ng/ml 농도의 $TGF-{\beta}$와 다양한 농도의 vitamin $D_3$를 혼합투여한 경우, 100ng/m1 농도의 vitamin $D_3$로 배양 3일째에 유의한 활성 증가를 볼 수 있었다. 4. 5ng/ml 농도의 $TGF-{\beta}$와 다양한 농도의 vitamin $D_3$를 혼합투여한 경우, 10, 50, 100ng/m1의 vitamin $D_3$에서 공히 배양 2일째부터 유의한 활성 증가를 보였으나 10ng/ml에서는 배양 3일째에 그 활성이 유지되지 못하였다. 5. 10ng/ml농도의 $TGF-{\beta}$와 다양한 농도의 vitamin $D_3$를 혼합투여한 경우, 50ng/ml의 vitamin $D_3$에서는 배양 2일째부터 100ng/m1의 vitamin $D_3$에서는 1일째부터 유의한 활성 증가를 보였다.