• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.78-84
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• 2012

Objectives: Odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) have a tendency to recur and possess an aggressive nature. the aim of the present study was to evaluate cytokeratin (CK) expression patterns as a method for the differentiation between dentigerous cysts (DCs) and OKCs, as their histomorphologic appearance are often indistinguishable. Materials and Methods: Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections of 43 OKCs and 38 DCs were immunohistochemically analyzed with i-solution in a quantitative manner in order to evaluate the immunoreactivity of CK 10, 16 and 17. Results: CK 10 expression was evident in 79.1% of OKCs but found in only 18.4% of DCs (P<0.05), and CK 10 expression was observed to occur more frequently in OKCs (mean 25.45%) than in DCs (2.19%) (P<0.05). The expression of CK 16 was evident in 79.1% of OKCs but found in only 7.9% of the DCs (P<0.05) and CK 16 expression was observed to occur more frequently in OKCs (mean 4.33%) than in the DCs (0.61%) (P<0.05). The expression of CK 17 was evident in 88.4% of OKCs but seen in only 15.7% of the DCs (P<0.05) and CK 17 expression was observed to occur more frequently in OKCs (mean 31.11%) than in the DCs (2.37%) (P<0.05). Conclusion: The immunohistochemical detection of CK 10, 16 and 17 can be utilized as a valuable biomarker for use in distinguishing between OKCs and DCs, which have clinically significant differential diagnoses.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제41권
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• pp.56.1-56.6
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• 2019

Background: Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is an immune checkpoint molecule that attenuates the immune response. PD-L1 contributes to failed antitumor immunity; thereby, blockade of PD-L1 with monoclonal antibody enhances the immune response. Recently, it was reported that PD-L1 was regulated by protein 53 (p53). Besides, cytokeratin 17 (CK17) is thought to be a diagnostic marker of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Our aim was to evaluate the correlation between the immunohistochemical expression of PD-L1, p53 and CK17 with clinicopathological characteristics and disease-specific survival in patients with OSCC. Methods: A total of 48 patients with OSCC were included in this study. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to evaluate the correlation among the expressions of PD-L1, p53 and CK17, and furthermore the correlation among various clinicopathological factors, PD-L1, p53 and CK17. Results: The positive rate of p53, CK17, PD-L1 (tumor cells) and PD-L1 (tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes) was 63.2%, 91.7%, 48.9% and 57.1%. A statistically significant correlation between p53 expression and T stage and TNM stage (p = 0.049, p = 0.03, respectively) was observed. Also, a statistically significant correlation between p53 and PD-L1 (TCs) expression (p = 0.0009) was observed. Five-year disease-specific survival rate was not significantly correlated with gender, TNM stage, p53 expression, PD-L1 expression and CK17 expression. Conclusion: The expression of p53 and PD-L1 shows significantly positive correlation in oral squamous cell carcinoma in tumor cells. Also, a significant correlation between p53 expression and T stage and TNM stage was observed. No other significant correlation between PD-L1 staining or CK17 and clinical or pathologic characteristics was identified.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.4217-4222
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• 2016

Purpose: To compare the expression level of CK 15 in normal esophageal and esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (ESCC) tissues and analyse possible functions of CK15 in occurrence and development. Materials and Methods: Immunohistochemistry was used to compare CK14, CK15 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression levels in ESCCs. Expression level of CK15 was also assessed by Western blotting. In addition, levels of CK15, cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen 21-1 (CYFRA21-1) and PCNA were detected in serum by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and chemiluminescence methods. Relationships between clinicopathological parameters and CK14 and CK15 expression were then analyzed. Results: According to immunohistochemistry, in esophageal and intraepithelial neoplasia (SIN) tissues, the expression of CK14, CK15 and PCNA localized to basal layer of the epithelium. CK14 and CK15 levels were higher in normal esophageal squamous epithelial tissue than in SIN and ESCC, and greater in highly differentiated than poorly differentiated carcinoma tissue. By Western blotting, we found more pronounced expression of CK15 in normal esophageal tissue, compared with carcinoma tissue. The specificity of changed CK15 and CYFRA21-1 expression was respectively 90.0% and 96.7% in serum of ESCC patients. Joint detection could improve the sensitivity of esophageal carcinoma diagnosis. Relationships between CK14, CK15 expression and clinical parameters were not statistically significant (P>0.05). Postoperative survival in patients of CK14, CK15 positive expression was longer than with negative expression ($x^2=4.35$, P=0.037; $x^2=9.852$, P=0.002). Conclusions: CK15 expression decreased in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissue and serum of esophageal squamous carcinoma patients. We infer that CK15 may play an important role for the occurrence and development of esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma. In the future, CK15 may be used for the diagnosis, treatment and prognostic evaluation of esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.797-806
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• 1999

연구배경: 소세포 폐암은 진단 당시 약 20% 이상에서 진단 당시 골수전이가 발견됨으로써 초기의 혈행성 전이가 중요한 예후인자일 것으로 추정되고 있다. 따라서 진단 또는 치료당시 기존의 검사수기로는 확인할 수 없었던 미세전이를 확인할 수 있다면 환자의 치료방침 및 예후결정에 유효한 지표가 될 수 있을 것으로 기대되어 왔다. 최근 cytokeratin(CK)-20 이 골수와 같은 조혈기관에서는 발현되지 않으면서 상피세포에서만 발현되는 것으로 알려져서 이 표지자가 소세포 폐암과 같은 상피세포암의 골수 미세전이의 발견에 효과적일 가능성을 사사하고 있다. 방 법: 소세포암세포주인 H209와 정상인의 혈구세포를 대상으로 CK-20 발현을 비교하였고, 소세포 폐암환자의 병기결정을 위한 경사로서 골수천자를 시행하면서 동시에 골수를 수집하여 이로부터 RNA를 수출하여 CK-20에 대한 primer를 이용하여 RT-PCR을 시행하였다. 결 과: H209 세포주에서는 CK-20의 발현이 관찰된 반면, 정상 혈구세포에서는 관찰되지 않아서 CK-20이 조혈세포에서는 발현되지 않고, 상피조직에 서만 특이적으로 발현되는 것으로 생각되었다. 28명의 소세포 폐암환자중 제한기가 11명, 확장기 환자가 17명이었으며, 17명의 확장기 환자가운데 골수조직검사상 골수 침범이 확인되었거나 또는 골주사검사상 전이가 확인된 환자는 7명(41%)이었다. CK-20에 대한 PCR 결과 각각 LD 11예종 l예(10%), ED 17예 중 1예(6%)에서 CK-20의 증폭이 관찰되었다. CK-20의 증폭이 관찰된 2예 중 ED 환자는 골수전이가 있었고, LD 환자는 진단당시는 원격전이가 없는 제한기의 환자였으나 후에 골전이가 관찰되었다. 결 론: 증폭이 관찰된 2 예의 환자가 모두 임상적으로는 골수 전이가 없는 상태에서 골전이가 발견됨으로써 CK-20의 발현이 혈행성 미세전이의 발견에 유용할 수 있을 가능성이 있을 것으로 추정할 수는 있으나, 골수전이가 확인되었던 7명중 6명에서는 CK-20이 발현되지 않아서, CK-20 보다 좀 더 유용한 표지자의 개발이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.1785-1787
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• 2016

Granular cell tumor (GCT) of the oral cavity is a benign lesion. Half of oral GCTs demonstrate pseudocarcinomatous hyperplasia (PCH) of the mucosa which can mimic invasive islands of oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Such similarity can be confusing when diagnosing or evaluating the two conditions, potentially leading to misdiagnosis or misclassification. Indeed, several misdiagnosed cases of oral GCT have been reported in the literature as OSCC or malignant oral GCT that resulted in unnecessary aggressive treatment for the affected patients. The aim of this study was to investigate if the cytokeratin pattern of the PCH can help in differentiating GCT from oral SCC. To distinguish between these two entities, we examined 12 patient specimens of oral GCT-PCH and oral SCC histologically and via immunohistochemistry (IHC) for CK13, CK17 and P75. The results suggest that the cytokeratin profile of PCH is similar to that of oral SCC. Therefore, consideration of IHC findings for epithelial markers alone may lead to erroneous diagnosis; thus, the presence of the granular tumor underneath the PCH and its immunopositivity for P75 or other neural definition markers can be essential to identify the underlying tumor and exclude oral SCC. Finally we recommend more studies on the molecular biology of PCH to understand how it can mimic oral SCC histologically without harboring its malignant phenotype clinically, which could have significant translational potential for understanding invasive oral SCC.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.1769-1772
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• 2016

Background: Urothelial papilloma and non-invasive papillary carcinoma are common neoplasms of the urinary bladder. Distinguishing papillomas and papillary carcinomas, especially the low grade type, is often debatable on the basis of histological features alone. Materials and Methods: We investigated immunohistochemical expression of cytokeratin 20 (CK20), p53, and Ki-67 in a group of 20 urothelial papilloma cases and 30 noninvasive papillary neoplasms of low malignant potential (PNLMP) of the urinary bladder. Whole tissue sections were examined. Results: Among the 30 carcinoma cases, 12 (40%) showed strong reactivity for the whole panel, 16 (53%) reacted positively for two markers, and 2 (7%) reacted just to one of them. Ki-67 was considered positive in 27 cases (90%) and p53 in 24 (80%), CK20 showed positive reactivity in 21 cases (70%). Only small percentages of papillomas were positive, and then only weakly. Conclusions: We concluded that the intense positivity of suspicious cells for at least one of these markers would confirm the presence of malignant changes and favours the diagnosis of carcinoma.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.128-133
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• 2003

Purpose: The benefits of the 'no-touch' isolation techniquethat is usually performed to prevent the circulation of tumor cells are not evident. The aim of this study was to determine whether the no-touch isolation technique for treating gastrointestinal cancers could prevent the circulation of tumor cells detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Matrials and Methods: By using RT-PCR to amplify mRNAs for two specific epithelial markers, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and cytokeratin 20 (CK-20), we examined 34 gastric cancer patients who had been histologically diagnosed and 22 patients had undergone serosal and peritoneal brushing. Results: In 10 ($29.4\%$) of the 34 gastric cancer patients, we detected CK20 mRNA before manipulation, and in 17 ($51.5\%$) of those patients, after we detected it. The density of the CK20 mRNA band was increased in 11 cases ($33.3\%$) and the density was decreased in 2 cases ($6.1\%$). In 16 ($48.5\%$) of the 34 gastric cancer patients, we detected CEA mRNA before manipulation, and in 17 ($51.5\%$) patients after we detected it. The density of the CEA mRNA band was increased in 8 cases ($24.2\%$) and decreased in 3 cases ($9.1\%$). Conclusion: These result suggest that the ' no-touch isolation technique ' might be useful when operating on advanced gastric cancer patients and that serosal or Douglas pouch brushing can be used to determine the status of micrometastasis.