• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.283-295
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• 2019

Perirectal cystic lesions are rare entities, for which only a relatively few research publications are available. These lesions are heterogeneous in nature and can range from benign lesions to malignant lesions; thus, they are sometimes difficult to differentiate. Some studies have reported on retrorectal or presacral cystic lesions, but to our knowledge, there have been only a few reports on perirectal cystic lesions. Cystic lesions arise from the retrorectal space as well as the rectal lumen or adjacent organ, and they should be differentiated based on their characteristics and anatomic location. Thus, we comprehensively studied diseases with a cystic component around the rectum, which are perirectal cystic lesions. A clinical challenge with perirectal cystic lesions is that it is sometimes difficult to distinguish malignant lesions from benign lesions and is thus difficult to determine the extent for surgical excision. We thus attempted to identify benign and malignant imaging features of perirectal cystic lesions.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.62-78
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• 2023

As the majority of incidentally detected lesions in the anterior mediastinum is small nodules with soft tissue appearance, the differential diagnosis has typically included thymic neoplasm and prevascular lymph node, with benign cyst. Overestimation or misinterpretation of these lesions can lead to unnecessary surgery for ultimately benign conditions. Diagnosing mediastinal cysts using MRI serves as a problem-solving modality in distinguishing between surgical and nonsurgical anterior mediastinal lesions. The pitfalls of MRI evaluation for anterior mediastinal cystic lesions are as follows: first, we acknowledge the limitation of T2-weighted images for evaluating benign cystic lesions. Due to variable contents within benign cystic lesions, such as hemorrhage, T2 signal intensity may be variable. Second, owing to extensive necrosis and cystic changes, the T2 shine-through effect may be seen on diffusion-weighted images (DWI), and small solid portions might be missed on enhanced images. Therefore, both enhancement and DWI with apparent diffusion coefficient values should be considered. An algorithm will be suggested for the diagnostic evaluation of anterior mediastinal cystic lesions, and finally, a management strategy based on MRI features will be suggested.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.18-23
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• 1995

We analyzed the results of ethanol sclerotherapy in 47 patients with cystic thyroid lesion. Cytologic study showed all of the lesions to be benign. The patients were followed clinically and ultrasonically I month and 3 or more months after ethanol sclerotherapy. If the cystic lesions recurred, repeated treatment was offered. In 4 patients with pure cystic lesion, all of the patents had almost total resolution of the cystic lesions. In 43 patients with mixed cystic lesion, 16(37.2%) patients had almost total resolution of the cystic lesions, 10(23.3%) patients showed a decrease' in the cystic lesion of <50%, but 11(25.6%) patients it did not change in size. Overall, in 30(63.8%) patients the cystic lesion decreased in size. Eleven patients who were not effective by sclerotherapy or follicular proliferation by cytology were converted to surgery. Although no severe complication were observed, there were complication of severe pain in I patient and a drunken feeling in I patient. If the malignancy must be excluded by repeated cytologic examination of aspirated fluid, we consider instillation of ethanol into the cystic lesions of the thyroid to be a simple, safe, economical and effective treatment.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.559-564
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• 2024

Incidental pancreatic cystic lesions are a common challenge encountered by diagnostic radiologists. Specifically, given the prevalence of benign pancreatic cystic lesions, determining when to recommend aggressive actions such as surgical resection or endoscopic ultrasound with sampling is difficult. In this article, we review the common types of cystic pancreatic lesions including serous cystadenoma, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm, and mucinous cystic neoplasm with imaging examples of each. We also discuss high-risk or worrisome imaging features that warrant a referral to a surgeon or endoscopist and provid several examples of these features. These imaging features adhere to the latest guidelines from the International Consensus Guidelines, American Gastroenterological Association (2015), American College of Gastroenterology (2018), American College of Radiology (2010, 2017), and European Guidelines (2013, 2018). Our focused article addresses the imaging dilemma of managing incidental cystic pancreatic lesions, weighing the options between imaging follow-up and aggressive interventions.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.622-626
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• 2001

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis(ADEM) is an uncommon immune-mediated inflammatory demyelinating disorder that typically affects the white matter of the central nervous system. Radiologic findings of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis are not pathognomomic. The differential diagnosis is always difficult. Occasionally, the clinical features, radiological and histopathological findings of patients with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis mimic the brain tumor or other space occupying lesions. The authors report a 6-year-old girl who presented with right hemiparesis two days after nausea and vomiting. Brain MRI of the patient revealed non-enhanced multiple cystic lesions in subcortical white matter of both cerebral hemisphere with prominent edema. One of the cystic lesions was resected to differentiate with metastatic tumor or inflammatory disease such as abscess and confirmed as the acute disseminated encephalomyelitis via various immunohistochemical stains. Pertinent literature is reviewed with discussion on this uncommon ADEM associated with multiple cystic lesions.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.501-504
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• 1993

Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the tracea is rare, but is a very serious critical life-threatening disease.Nearly all the lesions of the trachea are presented as obstructive lesions. Bronchoscopic examination including chest CT, tomogram and air tracheogram are essential for the further definition of these lesions. This is a case report of adenoid cystic carcinoma in a 47 years old male patient. The tumor was located in cervical trachea with wide base and obstructing the lumen almost completely. The patient`s symptom was productive cough and hoarseness for 4 months. The tumor was resected and End-to-End anastomosed. The tumor was confirmed to be adenoid cystic carcinoma histopathologically. The need for removal of tracheal tumor whether complete or incomplete, is clear enough regardless of the histology of the tumor. This patient was treated post-operatively with radiation.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.308-310
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• 2014

Decompression is considered an effective treatment for odontogenic cystic lesions in the jaw. A variety of decompression devices are successfully used for the treatment of keratocystic odontogenic tumors, radicular cysts, dentigerous cysts, and ameloblastoma. The purpose of these devices is to keep an opening between the cystic lesion and the oral environment during treatment. The aim of this report is to describe an effective decompression tube using a stainless steel tube and wire for treatment of jaw cystic lesions.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.107-112
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• 2003

A congenital cystic adenoid malformation of the lung(CCAM) is characterized by an anomalous fetal development of the terminal respiratory structures, resulting in the adenomatoid proliferation of the bronchiolar elements and cystic formation. CCAM has been detected on the fetus, premature babies and stillborn as well as infants and children. An adult presentation of CCAM is extremely rare. When cystic lesions occur with a repeated infection, an evaluation of the cystic lesions requires a differential diagnosis of CCAM, sequestration, a lung abscess, a pneumatocele and a bronchogenic cyst. The definite treatment of CCAM is the surgical removal of the involved lobe. We report a case of a CCAM in a 24-year-old female with a brief review of the relevant literature.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.27 no.11
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• pp.930-937
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• 1994

Pulmonary sequestration, congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation[CCAM], infantile lobar emphysema[ILE], and bronchogenic cysts are four congenital lesions that show abnormal cystic areas within the lung field in early life. They share similar embryologic and clinical characteristics, Therefore they are sometimes difficult to make differential diagnosis each other, and all require surgical treatment. From 1984 to 1993, 20 patients underwent surgical corrections under these diagnostic categories[10 bronchogenic cyst, 4 pulmonary sequestration, 4 CCAM, and 2 ILE] in the department of thoracic & cardiovascular surgery, Inje University, Pusan Paik Hospital. There were 9 females and 11 males, Ages ranged from 26 days after birth to 69 years. Among them 5 cases of bronchogenic cyst were found out incidentally, but remained all 15 cases were noted as symptomatic cases. Recurrent pulmonary infections, respiratory distress and cough with cystic lesions in chest film were the main characteristics of them. Computed tomography and aortography were available for diagnostic conformation. For all the cases surgical resection were performed: 1 pneumonectomy, 2 bilobectomy, 9 lobectomy, 7 cyst resection and 1 mass[extralobar pulmonary sequestration] resection. All surgical treatments were well tolerated with no physical limitation. There was no operative mortality, and only one postoperative complication[empyema thoracis]. All patients were followed up ranging from 4 months to 9 years. A clinical awareness of these related lesions is important for prompt diagnosis and effective surgical treatment.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.111-120
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• 1993

Fine needle aspiration cytology has become a frequently used technique for the diagnosis of lesions in the head and neck. Fine needle aspiration cytology of the salivary glands were performed on 66 patients. In 59 patients with satisfactory samples, cytologic diagnoses were as follows; there were 47 benign lesions, including pleomorphic adenoma(20), Warthin's tumor(3), benign cystic lesion(4), Inflammatory lesion(4), lymphoid lesion(3), myoepithelioma(1), unspecified benign neoplasm (5), and unclassified benign lesion(7). There were 6 cases of undetermined malignancy and 6 malignant lesions including mucoepidermoid carcinoma(3), adenoid cystic carcinoma(1), carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma(1), and metastatic carcinoma(1) in cytologic diagnosis. In 25 patients, the cytologic diagnosis was correlated with histologic findings. The sensitivity of the benign lesion was 96% and the specificity was 82%. There was no false-positive diagnosis. The sensitivity and the specificity of pleomorphic adenoma were 75% and 95%, respectively. Some of Warthin's tumors were confused with benign cystic lesion due to frequent cystic change of the tumor. The sensitivity and specificity of the malignant lesions were 56% and 88%, respectively. There were three false negative diagnoses. Two mucoepidermoid carcinomas were correctly diagnosed by cytology. Two of three adenoid cystic carcinomas were misdiagnosed as benign tumors.