• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.127-138
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• 2016

The Korean government has implemented various policies such as establishing new major/department and operating a variety of education programs related with cybersecurity. However, it has not yet been constructed virtuous cycle that can provide appropriate education and training to professionals with the high level and quality. In this study, by surveying and analyzing satisfaction about education and training program aimed at employees in public sector who are in charge of cybersecurity, we suggest the direction of education and training for cybersecurity experts required at the national level.

• Journal of Platform Technology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.91-105
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• 2024

As the number of cases of applying IT systems to the existing isolated ICS (Industrial Control System) network environment continues to increase, security threats in the ICS environment have rapidly increased. Security threat scenarios help to design security strategies in cybersecurity training, including analysis, prediction, and response to cyberattacks. For successful cybersecurity training, research is needed to develop valid and reliable security threat scenarios for meaningful training. Therefore, this paper proposes a case-based security threat scenario development methodology for cybersecurity training in the ICS environment. To this end, we develop a methodology consisting of five steps based on analyzing actual cybersecurity incident cases targeting ICS. Threat techniques are standardized in the same form using objective data based on the MITER ATT&CK framework, and then a list of CVEs and CWEs corresponding to the threat technique is identified. Additionally, it analyzes and identifies vulnerable functions in programming used in CWE and ICS assets. Based on the data generated up to the previous stage, develop security threat scenarios for cybersecurity training for new ICS. As a result of verification through a comparative analysis between the proposed methodology and existing research confirmed that the proposed method was more effective than the existing method regarding scenario validity, appropriateness of evidence, and development of various scenarios.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.1167-1187
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• 2020

We are facing the situation where cyber threats such as hacking, malware, data leakage, and theft, become an important issue in the perspective of personal daily life, business, and national security. Although various efforts are being made to response to the cyber threats in the national and industrial sectors, the problems such as the industry-academia skill-gap, shortage of cybersecurity professionals are still serious. Thus, in order to overcome the skill-gap and shortage problems, we propose a Cybersecurity technical response Job Competency(CtrJC) framework by adopting the concept of cybersecurity personnel's job competency. As a sample use-case study, we implement the CtrJC against to personals who are charged in realtime cybersecurity response, which is an important job at the national and organization level, and verify the our framework's effects. We implement a sample model, which is a CtrJC against to realtime cyber threats (We call it as CtrJC-R), and study the verification and validation of the implemented model.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.53-68
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• 2021

Many organizations try to hire and retain a well-trained workforce to get their security level of IT assets and networks. However, most academic studies have focused on only how many workforces are needed to keep the secure function. We have to transit to other aspects of cybersecurity HRM studies because well-training workforces are not the problem of numbers but the quality. This study proves how the person-job fit and the work values impact job satisfaction of the cybersecurity workforce in early careers who graduated school recently and have a high turnover intention. The results of this study provide a lot of practical implications regarding job satisfaction of the cybersecurity workforce in an early career as follows. First, the major-job fit of the cybersecurity workforce doesn't influence job satisfaction, unlike other studies. Second, what graduates learned in college is little helpful in hands-on work, so retraining the cybersecurity workforce in an early career is very important. Third, the cybersecurity HRM plans have to center on realizing the self-realization of workforces to improve job satisfaction.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.299-309
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• 2022

Human factor represents a very challenging issue to organizations. Human factor is responsible for many cybersecurity incidents by noncompliance with the organization security policies. In this paper we conduct a comprehensive review of the literature to identify strategies to address human factor. Security awareness, training and education program is the main strategy to address human factor. Scholars have consistently argued that importance of security awareness to prevent incidents from human behavior.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.282-290
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• 2022

A huge budget is spent on technological solutions to protect Information Systems from cyberattacks by organizations. However, it is not enough to invest alone in technology-based protection and to keep humans out of the cyber loop. Humans are considered the weakest link in cybersecurity chain and most of the time unaware that their actions and behaviors have consequences in cyber space. Therefore, humans' aspects cannot be neglected in cyber security field. In this work we carry out a systematic literature review to identify human factors in cybersecurity. A total of 27 papers were selected to be included in the review, which focuses on the human factors in cyber security. The results show that in total of 14 identified human factors, risk perception, lack of awareness, IT skills and gender are considered critical for organization as for as cyber security is concern. Our results presented a further step in understanding human factors that may cause issues for organizations in cyber space and focusing on the need of a customized and inclusive training and awareness programs.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.43-60
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• 2018

Recently, with the arrival of the 4th industrial revolution, the security risks are converging and complexly changing, and the demand of cybersecurity experts is increasing. Therefore, in this paper, it is the largest of the domestic educational institutions, it has the largest number of emissions talent, and selects the representative major field of humanities and society. Then, after analyzing the common curriculum in each major field, compare it with the training course of cybersecurity experts derived through existing previous research. Through analysis results, we try to design a retraining course for cybersecurity professional human resources. Utilizing the results of this research, it is expected that it will be used as the basic material necessary for the subjects of the re-curriculum education. It is also expected to contribute to resolving the supply-demand gap of cybersecurity professionals.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.123-130
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• 2021

Cybersecurity has been vital for decades and will remain vital with upcoming ages with new technological developments. Every new day brings advancement in technology, which leads to new horizons, and at the same time, it brings new security challenges. Numerous researchers around the globe are continuously striving hard to provide better solutions for the daily basis of new arising security issues. However, the challenges are always there. These challenges become new norms during the current Covid pandemic, where most industries, small industrial enterprises, education, finance, public sectors, etc. were under several attacks and threats globally. The hacker has more opportunities during the pandemic period by shifting most of the operations live. This research enlightened the several cybersecurity attacks and threats during this pandemic time globally. It provided the best possible recommendations to avoid them using the cyber awareness and with appropriately linked training. This research can provide a guideline to the above stated sector by identifying the related attacks.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2023.11a
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• pp.151-153
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• 2023

Federated learning (FL)-based network intrusion detection techniques have enormous potential for securing the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) cybersecurity. The openness and connection of systems in smart industrial facilities can be targeted and manipulated by malicious actors, which emphasizes the significance of cybersecurity. The conventional centralized technique's drawbacks, including excessive latency, a congested network, and privacy leaks, are all addressed by the FL method. In addition, the rich data enables the training of models while combining private data from numerous participants. This research aims to create an FL-based architecture to improve cybersecurity and intrusion detection in IoT networks. In order to assess the effectiveness of the suggested approach, we have utilized well-known cybersecurity datasets along with centralized and federated machine learning models.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.187-188
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• 2022

As information processing technology develops with the trend of the times, the possibility of cyber threats to nuclear facilities is increasing. In the 2000s, there was a growing perception that cyberattacks on nuclear facilities were needed, and in fact, a cybersecurity regulatory system for nuclear power plants began to be established to prepare for cyberattacks. In Korea, in order to prepare for cyber threats, in 2013 and 2014, the Act on Protection and Radiation Disaster Prevention, Enforcement Decree, and Enforcement Rules of Nuclear Facilities, etc., and notices related to the Radioactive Disaster Prevention Act were revised. In 2015, domestic nuclear operators prepared information system security regulations for each facility in accordance with the revised laws and received approval from the Nuclear Safety Commission for implementation of information system security regulations divided into seven stages. In 2019, a special inspection for step-by-step implementation was completed, and since 2019, the cybersecurity system of operators has been continuously inspected through regular inspections. In this paper, we present some measures to build improved training to suit the steadily revised inspection of the nuclear facility cybersecurity system to counter cyber threats to the ever-evolving nuclear facilities.