• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.2529-2549
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• 2023

For effectively lowering down the risk of cyber threating, the zero-trust architecture (ZTA) has been gradually deployed to the fields of smart city, Internet of Things, and cloud computing. The main concept of ZTA is to maintain a distrustful attitude towards all devices, identities, and communication requests, which only offering the minimum access and validity. Unfortunately, adopting the most secure and complex multifactor authentication has brought enterprise and employee a troublesome and unfriendly burden. Thus, authors aim to incorporate machine learning technology to build an employee behavior analysis ZTA. The new framework is characterized by the ability of adjusting the difficulty of identity verification through the user behavioral patterns and the risk degree of the resource. In particular, three key factors, including one-time password, face feature, and authorization code, have been applied to design the adaptive multifactor continuous authentication system. Simulations have demonstrated that the new work can eliminate the necessity of maintaining a heavy authentication and ensure an employee-friendly experience.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.23 no.11
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• pp.1396-1405
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• 2020

Cyber threats such as forced personal information collection and distribution of malicious codes using malicious URLs continue to occur. In order to cope with such cyber threats, a security technologies that quickly detects malicious URLs and prevents damage are required. In a web environment, malicious URLs have various forms and are created and deleted from time to time, so there is a limit to the response as a method of detecting or filtering by signature matching. Recently, researches on detecting and predicting malicious URLs using machine learning techniques have been actively conducted. Existing studies have proposed various features and machine learning algorithms for predicting malicious URLs, but most of them are only suggesting specialized algorithms by supplementing features and preprocessing, so it is difficult to sufficiently reflect the strengths of various machine learning algorithms. In this paper, a system for predicting malicious URLs using multiple machine learning algorithms was proposed, and an experiment was performed to combine the prediction results of multiple machine learning models to increase the accuracy of predicting malicious URLs. Through experiments, it was proved that the combination of multiple models is useful in improving the prediction performance compared to a single model.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.137-144
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• 2016

The followings are required to establish uniform principle of criminal jurisdiction for international cyber crime into customary international law; (1) clear guideline of UN for promoting national practice (2) formation of general practices based on these guidelines (3) these general practices should obtain legal confidence. International society is in close cooperation for investigating and controlling cyber threat. The US FBI has closed down the largest online crime space called 'Darkcode' and prosecuted related hackers based on joint investigation with 19 countries including England, Australia, Canada, Bosnia, Croatia, Israel, and Rumania. More and more people in Korea are raising their voices for joining cyber crime treaty, 'Budapest Treaty.' Budapest Treaty is the first international treaty prosecuting cyber crime by setting out detailed regulations on internet criminal act. Member countries have installed hotline for cyber crime and they act together. Except European countries, America, Canada, and Japan have joined the treaty. In case of Korea, from few years before, it is reviewing joining with Ministry of Foreign affairs, Ministry of Justice and the National Police but haven't made any conclusion. Different from offline crime, cyber crime is planned in advance and happens regardless of border. Therefore, international cooperation based on position of punishing criminals and international standards. Joining of Budapest international cyber crime treaty shall be done as soon as possible for enhancing national competence.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.195-204
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• 2014

Recent, Secure the small and medium-sized enterprises from advanced and intelligence cyber threat, 24 hours of prevention, detection and analysis is essential. Small and Medium Business monitoring center is operated by government financial support to protect and prevent these threats. Currently it provides security to about 900 small and medium-sized enterprises. This paper studies abnormal and attack packets from small and medium-sized businesses[enterprises] which is monitored by Small and Medium Business monitoring center and provides improvement of security control for small and medium-sized enterprises.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2014.10a
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• pp.387-389
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• 2014

It is preferred to the popularization of smart device business processes through mobile. The ratio of Internet access via mobile devices is reached 30% of PC in September 2012. It is reproduced in a mobile environment that security threats arising from the Internet. that is the characteristics of cyber security threats appearing on the mobile era. Web Application Service security research firm OWASP (The Open Web Application Security Project) issued Session Management threat. That threat will be reproduced in the mobile environment. But Mobile is significantly different from Desktop Computer about Session Management environment. This proceeding proposes a improved Session Management method in Mobile environment.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.763-780
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• 2024

As the domestic and international landscape undergoes rapid changes, the importance of implementing security measures in response to the growing threats that businesses face is increasing. In this context, the need for Security by Design (SbD), integrating security from the early design stages, is becoming more pronounced, with threat modeling recognized as a fundamental tool of SbD. Particularly, to save costs and time by detecting and resolving security issues early, the application of the Shift Left strategy requires the involvement of personnel with limited security expertise, such as software developers, in threat modeling. Although various automated threat modeling tools have been released, their lack of user-friendliness for personnel lacking security expertise poses challenges in conducting threat modeling effectively. To address this, we conducted an analysis of research related to threat modeling tools and derived usability evaluation criteria based on the GQM(Goal-Question-Metric) approach. An expert survey was conducted to validate both the validity and objectivity of the derived criteria. We performed usability evaluations of three threat modeling tools (MS TMT, SPARTA, PyTM), and the evaluation results led to the conclusion that MS TMT exhibited superior usability compared to other tools. This study aims to contribute to the creation of an environment where personnel with limited security expertise can effectively conduct threat modeling by proposing usability evaluation criteria.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.363-374
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• 2015

Instrumentation and control(I&C) system has been mainly designed and operated based on analog technologies in existing Nuclear Power Plants(NPPs). However, As the development of Information Technology(IT), digital technologies are gradually being adopted in newly built NPPs. I&C System based on digital technologies has many advantages but it is vulnerable to cyber threat. For this reason, cyber threat adversely affects on safety and reliability of I&C system as well as the entire NPPs. Therefore, the software equipped to NPPs should be developed with cyber security attributes from the initiation phase of software development life cycle. Moreover through cyber security assessment, the degree of confidence concerning cyber security should be measured and if managerial, technical and operational work measures are implemented as intended should be reviewed in order to protect the I&C systems and information. Currently the overall cyber security program, including cyber security assessment, is not established on I&C systems. In this paper, we propose cyber security assessment methods in the Software Development Life Cycle by drawing cyber security activities and assessment items based on regulatory guides and standard technologies concerned with NPPs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2020.07a
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• pp.99-102
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• 2020

인터넷 사용 인구가 증가하면서 이제 사이버공간은 우리 생활에서 중요한 인프라가 되었다. 최근 인터넷 침해사고의 추세는 주로 금전적인 이익을 얻기 위하여 발생하고 있으며, 그 수법이 갈수록 지능적이고 복합적인 기법들을 사용하여 대응과 분석이 점점 어려워지고 있다. 인터넷 침해사고는 이제 특정 개인, 기업의 문제가 아닌 사회적, 국가적 이슈가 되고 있다. 이처럼 인터넷 등 정보통신의 발달에 따른 생활의 편리함 등 순기능과 함께 해킹 등과 같은 역기능도 피할 수 없는 상황이다. 침해사고에 대한 대응은 특정 계급에 국한되는 것이 아니라 사이버공간을 이용하든 모든 사용자가 대비를 해야한다. 사이버 위협에 지속적으로 대비하고, 침해사고 예방 및 대응 수준과 사용자들의 보안 인식을 높혀 개인, 기업, 국가의 안전을 보장해야 할 것이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 침해사고 사례를 바탕으로 분석해 개인 인터넷 이용자들에게 인터넷 침해사고 예방 및 대응요령을 제공한다.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.17-29
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• 2023

In this paper, we aim to propose cyber security considerations and countermeasures for infrastructure and services in the UAM(Urban Air Mobility) Air Traffic Management field, which is one of the key elements of the UAM market that has not yet bloomed. Air traffic management is an important factor for safe navigation and social acceptance of UAM. In order to realize air traffic management, infrastructure and services based on solid network connectivity must be established. And for industries where connectivity is the core component, it can become an infiltration route for cyber threats. Therefore, cyber security is essential for the infrastructure and services. In detail, we will look into the definition of the existing air traffic management field and the cyber threats. In addition, we intend to identify cyber security threat scenarios that may occur in the newly designed UAM air traffic management infrastructure. Moreover, in order to study the cyber security countermeasures of the UAM air traffic management infrastructure, there will be analysis of the UAM operation concept. As a result, countermeasures applicable to the infrastructure and service fields will be suggested by referring to the cyber security frameworks.

• Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.1-9
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• 2022

As various services are linked to IoT(Internet of Things) and portable communication terminals, cyber attacks that exploit security vulnerabilities of the devices are rapidly increasing. In particular, cyber attacks targeting heterogeneous devices in large-scale network environments through advanced persistent threat (APT) attacks are on the rise. Therefore, in order to improve the effectiveness of the response system in the event of a breach, it is necessary to apply a data enrichment mechanism for the collected artifact data to improve threat analysis and detection performance. Therefore, in this study, by analyzing the data supplementation common elements performed in the existing incident management framework for the artifacts collected for the analysis of intrusion accidents, characteristic elements applicable to the actual system were derived, and based on this, an improved accident analysis framework The prototype structure was presented and the suitability of the derived data supplementary extension elements was verified. Through this, it is expected to improve the detection performance when analyzing cyber incidents targeting artifacts collected from heterogeneous devices.