• Toxicological Research
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.89-96
• /
• 1987

To test the efficacies of thiosulfate in cyanide poisoning with or without oxygen, after the administration of sublethal dose of potassium cyanide, serial arterial blood samples were collected during 60 minutes in 15 rabbits. Cyanide ion concentrations were measured by Conway cell microdiffusion method, and arterial oxygen tensions were also observed. Comparison of elimination constants showed that arterial blood cyanide ion concentration decreased most rapidly in the thiosulfate with oxygen-administered group. The elimination of cyanide ion by the action of thiosulfate in acutely poisoned rabbit accelerated probably due to oxygen and elimination pattern seems to occur by first-order elimination kinetics.

• Analytical Science and Technology
• /
• v.14 no.6
• /
• pp.540-544
• /
• 2001

Determination of cyanide ion has been studied by adsorptive stripping voltammetry using hanging mercury electrode. Cyanide ion complexed with copper ion is adsorpbed on the electrode and oxidised at the positive potential scan. Optimal conditions of CN determination were found to be ; supporting electrolyte solution ; 0.1 M NaCl of ammonium buffer at pH 10, accumulation potential; -800 mV vs Ag/AgCl, accumulation time ; 300 s, scan rate ; 50mV/s. The linear concentration of cyanide ion was observed in the range $1{\times}10^{-8}$, $1{\times}10^{-7}M$. The detection limit(n/s=3) was $0.13{\mu}g/L$($5{\times}10^{-9}M$) with 3.5% RSD.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.18 no.6
• /
• pp.423-429
• /
• 1974

The rate constant of the addition of hydrogen cyanide to $ ${\alpha}$-cyano-\beta-piperonylacrylic$ acid (CPA) were determined by UV spectrophotometry at various pH and a rate equation which can be applied over wide pH range was obtained. From this equation, one may conclude that below pH 3 the reaction is started by the addition of hydrogen cyanide molecule to CPA, however, at pH 6~8, hydrogen cyanide is added to $ {\alpha}$-cyano-$ {\beta}$-piperonyl acrylate anion. From pH 3 to 6, these two reaction are competitive. Above pH 9, the reaction is proceeded by the addition of cyanide ion to $ {\alpha}$-cyano-$ {\beta}$-piperonyl acrylate ion. From pH 3 to 9, the complex reaction mechanism can also be fully explained by the rate equation obtained.

• Analytical Science and Technology
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.47-55
• /
• 1993

The quantitative determination of trace cyanide ion in the presence of sulfide ion has been studied by addition of cupric ion using differential pulse Cathodic Stripping Voltammetry. The detection limit of cyanide ion in the presence of $5.0*10^{-5}M$ sulfide ion and $1.0*10^{-3}M$ cupric ion was $2.0*10^{-7}M$ in KCI-Phosphate buffer(pH=7.0) at accumulation potential -0.30V and accumulation time 3.0 min.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
• /
• 2001.10a
• /
• pp.135-139
• /
• 2001

According to the requirement of cyanide precipitation-purification technology, adopt the acidized sulfate to precipitate cyanide. Studying the influence of acidity and the dosage of sulfate on precipitation rate of impurity ion in cyanide wastewater, and, on the basis of synthetic precipitation experiments, we obtain principle process of cyanide precipitation-purification to technology.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
• /
• v.29 no.2
• /
• pp.140-145
• /
• 1996

Silver deposits formed on copper substrates by replacement reactions show poor adhesion, and a silver film plated on such a deposit does not adhere. Silver ion makes a highly stable complex with cyanide ion, so that in a silver cyanide solution, the activity of silver ion is very small. This is one of the reasons for the universal use of cyanide baths in the industrial silver plating. However, the consideration of the difference between the values of the stability constants for bath the silver-iodide complex and the copper-iodide complex suggest that the rate of replacement deposition of silver on the copper substrate in si]ver-potassium iodide solution, could be comparatively low. To confirm this, the rate of replacement deposition of silver in both a silver-potassium iodide solution ($AgNO_3$0.10 mol/L, KI 2.00 mol/L ) and a strike silver plating bath (AgCN 0.028 mol/L, KCN 1.15 mol/L ) was estimated from the current density corresponding to the point of intersection of the anodic and the cathodic polarization curves. These estimated values were almost the same, and it is suggested that the silver-potassium iodide solution is not only a cyanide free silver plating bath capable of employing a copper substrate but a silver plating bath which requires no strike plating.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.17 no.6
• /
• pp.411-415
• /
• 1973

The reaction between cyanide ion and triphenyl methane dyes is subject to marked catalysis by cationic micelles of cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide(CTABr) and retarded by anionic micelles of sodium lauryl sulfate(NaLS). Added salts, anions inhibit the catalysis by CTABr, and cations, especially $Zn^{++},\;Cd^{++}$ decrease the retardation of the reaction rates in the presence of NaLS. The kinetic effects of the ionic micelles are much larger in water than in ethanol-water, methanol-water, propanol-water and acetone-water, but strange solvent effects, acceleration the reaction rates, was found in the reaction with malachite green in water-methanol system.

• Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.11 no.6
• /
• pp.318-324
• /
• 2006

The higher valence state of iron i.e., Fe(VI) was employed for the oxidation of one of an important toxic ion, cyanide in the aqueous medium. Cyanide was oxidized into cyanate, which is 1,000 times less toxic to cyanide and often accepted for its ultimate disposal. It was to be noted that Fe(VI) is a very powerful oxidizing agent and can oxidize most of the cyanide within few minutes i.e., ca 5 mins of contact. The data was obtained by the UV-Visible measurements for the Fe(VI) decomposition. The UV-Visible data was used to evaluate the overall rate constant for second order redox reaction between ferrate(VI) and cyanide. Also the pseudo first order rate constant was calculated as keeping the cyanide concentration in excess.

• Applied Chemistry
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.25-28
• /
• 2012

A determination method of cyanide ion (CN^-) using nickel complexation reaction by continuous monitoring system. The mechanical parameters and chemical conditions of the complexation reaction were investigated prior to application of continuous monitoring system for determination of cyanide. On the optimized conditions, the calibration curve was linear over the range from 5.0×10^-6 to 1.0×10^-4 M. In this range, 2.40% of the reproducibility (RSD, n=3) was obtained. The limit of detection (3σ/s) was calculated to be 1.8×10^-6 M.

• Toxicological Research
• /
• v.29 no.2
• /
• pp.143-147
• /
• 2013

Cyanogenic glycosides are HCN-producing phytotoxins; HCN is a powerful and a rapidly acting poison. It is not difficult to find plants containing these compounds in the food supply and/or in medicinal herb collections. The objective of this study was to investigate the distribution of total cyanide in nine genera (Dolichos, Ginkgo, Hordeum, Linum, Phaseolus, Prunus, Phyllostachys, Phytolacca, and Portulaca) of edible plants and the effect of the processing on cyanide concentration. Total cyanide content was measured by ion chromatography following acid hydrolysis and distillation. Kernels of Prunus genus are used medicinally, but they possess the highest level of total cyanide of up to 2259.81 $CN^-$/g dry weight. Trace amounts of cyanogenic compounds were detected in foodstuffs such as mungbeans and bamboo shoots. Currently, except for the WHO guideline for cassava, there is no global standard for the allowed amount of cyanogenic compounds in foodstuffs. However, our data emphasize the need for the guidelines if plants containing cyanogenic glycosidesare to be developed as dietary supplements.