• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.47-51
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• 2003

Sarcoma 180 암세포를 이식한 마우스에서 면역조절 작용을 갖는 홍삼산성다당체 (RGAP)를 항암제 cyclophosphamide (CY)와 병용투여한 결과, RGAP (100 mg/kg)와 CY (3 mg/kg)의 병용투여는 고용량의 CY (10 mg/kg) 단독투여보다 강한 항암작용을 나타내었다. 또한 RGAP (100 mg/kg)과 CY (10 또는 20 mg/kg)과의 병용투여는 CY의 단독투여보다 LL/2 폐종양을 보다 강하게 억제하였다. RGAP (100 mg/kg) 와 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) (2.5 mg/kg)을 병용투여하였을 때도 sarcoma 180 암세포를 이식한 마우스에서 5-FU 단독투여군에 비해 현저한 항암시너지 효과를 나타내었다. LL2 폐 종양에 미치는 결과에서도 RGAP (100 mg/kg)와 5-FU (5 또는 10 mg/kg) 병용투여군은 항암제 단독투여군보다 강한 항종양 효과를 나타내었다. 이상의 결과로부터 RGAP는 항암제 CY 또는 5-FU와 병용투여시 sarcoma 180 및 LL/2 폐종양에 대해서 저용량 항암제의 사용으로 고용량의 항암제 사용에서와 유사한 항암효과를 나타낼 수 있어서 항암효과를 극대화 시킬뿐만아니라 항암제 사용에 의한 면역독성과 같은 부작용을 경감시킬 수 있는 항암치료 보조제로서의 사용가능성을 제시하였다.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.71-79
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• 1989

Complex formation of water-soluble polyparacyclophanes bearing two diphenylmethane or two diphenyl ether skeletons with l-anilinonaphthalene-8-sulfonate (ANS) and 2-p-toluidinylnaphthalene-6-sulfonate (TNS) was investigated quantitatively to develop useful host compounds comparing with ${\alpha}\;-\;and\;{\beta}-cyc1odextrins$$({\alpha}-\;and\;{\beta}-CyDs$) in aqueous solution. Benesi-Hildebrand type analysis of the fluorescent intensity showed that the dissociation constants (Kd) of paracyclophane-ANS complexes were $1.55\;{\times}\;10^{-4}M$ for 1,6,20,25-tetraaza[6.1.6.1]paracyclophane(CPM 44) and $1.23\;{\times}\;10^{-4}M$ for 1,7,21,27-tetraaza[7.1.7.1]paracyclophane (CPM 55), and those of paracyclophane-TNS complexes were $6.99\;{\times}\;10^{-6}M$ for CPM 44 and $6.23\;{\times}\;10^{-5}M$ for CPM 55, in 1:1 molar ratio. On the other hand, the Kd values of 1,7,21,27-tetraaza-14,34-dioxa[7.1.7.1]paracyclophane (CPE 55)-ANS, 1,8,22,29-tetraaza-15,36-dioxa[8.1.8.1]paracyclophane (CPE 66)-ANS, CPE 55-TNS, CPE 66-TNS complexes were $1.75\;{\times}\;10^{-3}M$, $3.07\;{\times}\;10^{-3}M$, $3.75\;{\times}\;10^{-3}M$ and $2.15\;{\times}\;10^{-3}M$, respectively. On the contrary, the Kd values of ${\alpha}-CyD-ANS$, ${\beta}-CyD-ANS$, ${\alpha}-CyD-TNS$ and ${\beta}-CyD-TNS$ complexes were found to be $3.98\;{\times}\;10^{-2}M$, $1.05\;{\times}\;10^{-2}M$, $1.38\;{\times}\;10^{-2}M$ and $3.52\;{\times}\;10^{-4}M$, respectively. These results mean that the complexation of CPMs with ANS or TNS is by 5.6-1,975 fold stronger than that for ${\alpha}-or\;{\beta}-CyDs$, and the complex formation of CPEs with ANS or TNS is nearly same as or somewhat stronger than that for ${\alpha}-or\;{\beta}-CyDs$. From the Kd values determined at different temperatures, thermodynamic parameters were calculated and the complexation was found to be a spontaneous exothermic reaction. The effects of pH on Kd values of CPM 44-ANS, and CPM 55-ANS complexes were negligible in the range of pH 1.2-1.8. However, the Kd values of these complexes increased significantly with increasing ionic strength.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제63권1호
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• pp.33-42
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• 2024

복숭아혹진딧물(Myzus persicae)은 다식성으로 담배, 감자, 고추, 배추, 복숭아 등에 심각한 피해를 입히는 대표적인 농업해충이다. 본 연구에서는 국내 복숭아혹진딧물 야외개체군의 λ-cyhalothrin, imidacloprid 및 flupyradifurone에 대한 약제 저항성 발달 수준과 점 돌연변이(R81T, L1014F, M918L)의 발생 여부를 확인하였다. 또한, qRT-PCR을 통해 사이토크롬 P450 유전자인 CYP6CY3 발현량을 확인하였다. 그 결과, λ-cyhalothrin은 저항성비(Resistance Ratio, RR)가 12개 모든 지역이 > 200으로 높은 저항성을 보였다. Imidacloprid와 flupyradifurone은 YS, UR, HY, 그리고 WJ 개체군에서 > 200의 저항성비로 높은 저항성을 나타냈다. R81T는 12개 집단 중 약 50%, L1014F는 약 33.3%, M918L은 100%에서 발현하였다. 또한 qRT-PCR을 통해 imidacloprid 저항성 개체에서 subunit CYP6CY3의 발현량이 높게 나타난 것을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과는 M918L 점 돌연변이는 λ-cyhalothrin 저항성 진단마커로, R81T와 CYP6CY3의 높은 발현은 imidacloprid 저항성 진단마커로 활용이 가능하다는 것을 시사한다.

• 한국항만학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.35-46
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• 1998

우리나라 서남권역의 거점 항만으로서 역할을 해온 목포항은 황해경제권의 중심에 위치하여 대중국 교역 및 TCR과의 연결에 유리한 지리적 이점을 갖고 있다. 또한 세계경제의 성장축이 환태평지역으로 이동할 것으로 예상되고, 황해경제권의 부상에 따라 이 지역의 역내교역 컨테이너 물동량의 증가가 예상되며, 주변 공단의 조성과 활성화가 가시화될 때 목포항의 역할과 기능이 크게 부각될 것으로 전망된다. 이러한 목포항 주변 환경의 변화에 따라 정부에서는 목포신외항 1단계 사업으로 2001년까지 30,000 DWT급 선박이 접안할 수 있는 컨테이너부두 1선석과 다목적부두 1선석을 건설하고 있다. 컨테이너 터미널 개장 초기에는 1선석만을 컨테이너 터미널로 사용하나 장기적으로는 2선석 모두 컨테이너 물동량을 처리할 예정이다. 본 연구는 2001년에 개장되는 목포신외항의 컨테이너 터미널 운영시스템에 따른 적정한 CY 소요면적을 산정하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 컨테이너 터미널의 계획 및 설계 단계에서 고려하여야 할 중요한 항목 중의 하나는 터미널 운영시스템의 선정에 따라서 터미널의 소요면적이 크게 달라진다는 점이다. 컨테이너 터미널의 CY 소요면적은 예상되는 컨테이너의 장치수요량과 장치기간에 의하여 크게 영향을 받게 되며, 또한 CY에서 사용되는 컨테이너 취급장비에 따라서 적재단수가 다르기 때문에 어떠한 운영시스템을 선정하는가에 따라서 CY 소요면적은 크게 다르게 된다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 CY 소요면적 산정에 영향을 미치는 주요한 요소들을 고려하여 2001년에 개장되는 목표신외항 컨테이너 터미널에 있어서 2001-2016년까지의 기간동안 각 컨테이너 터미널 운영시스템에 따른 CY 소요면적을 산정하였다. 그리고 목포신항만의 터미널 운영시스템별 CY 소요면적을 결론 부분에 요약하였다.되므로, 조사료(粗飼料)의 사료가치(飼料價値)를 평가(評價)함에 있어서는 급여수준(給與水準)과 소화율(消化率)과의 관계를 주의깊게 고려해야 할 것이다. 생산(生産)할 수 있다고 사료(思料)된다.향이 없었으나 골목 $m^3$당 접종량(接種量) 4.0kg구가 1.63g로 가장 큰 것으로 나타났다.과(結果)를 종합(綜合)해 보면 전호(前胡)의 용도별(用途別) 적정(適正) 재식거리(栽植距離)는 채소형(菜蔬型) $30\times20cm$, 약재형(藥材型) $60\times30cm$, 채소(菜蔬) 약재(藥材) 복합형(複合型) $45\times20cm$에서 지하부(地下部) 생육(生育)이 양호(良好)하면서 생엽(生葉) 및 건근(乾根) 수량(收量)이 증수(增收)되는 경향(傾向)을 보였다.퇴비(堆肥) 등(等) 유기질(有機質) 비료(肥料) 시용(施用)이 효고적(效果的)이었다.DS-PAGE법(法)으로 단백질(蛋白質) 양상을 등숙시기별(等熟時期別)로 조사(調査)한 결과(結果) 두 계통간(系統間) 질적(質的)인 차이(差異)는 보이지 않았으나 시기별(時期別)로는 양적차이(量的差異)를 나타냈다.間)에는 부(負)(-)의 상관(相關)이 있다.($P{\leq}0.01%$). 5. NEL 및 starch value 환경온도(環境溫度)가 상승(上昇)됨에 따라 감소(減少)된다. 4 엽기(葉期) sorghum식물(植物)의 환경온도(環境溫度)를 달리 하였을 때 NEL가치(價値)는 각각(各各) 4.87MJ($30/25^{\circ}C$), 5.46MJ($25/20^{\circ}C$) 및 5.81MJ/kg($18/8^{\circ}C$)로 변(變)하여 고온(高溫)에서

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.99-105
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• 1988

Inclusion complex formation of furosemide with ${\beta}-cyclodextrin({\beta}-CyD)$ in solid state was confirmed by X-ray diffractometry, IR spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The solid complexes of ${\beta}-CyD$ with furosemide in molar ratio of 2 : 1 were prepared by solvent evaporation method. The photodegradation of furosemide in alkaline solution under the light and the hydrolysis of furosemide in acidic solution were not inhibited by complex formation with ${\beta}-CyD$. However, the bioavailability of furosemide was improved by complex formation with ${\beta}-CyD$ after oral administration to rats.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.130-139
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• 1985

Inclusion compounds of suprofen with ${\alpha}-$ and, ${\beta}-cyclodextrins\;({\alpha}-CyD,\;{\beta}-CyD)$ were studied in comparison with suprofen alone and commercial suprofen capsules. Inclusion compound formations of suprofen with ${\alpha}-$, and ${\beta}-CyDs$ in aqueous solution and in solid state were confirmed by UV absorption, circular dichroism spectroscopies, IR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction measurements. Solid inclusion complexes were prepared by freeze-drying method, and their molar ratios were found to be 1 : 1. The dissolution rate of inclusion complexes of suprofen with CyDs was notably higher than that of suprofen alone.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.228-234
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• 1994

Genomic RNA was extracted from Cy strain of odontoglossum ringspot tobamovirus (ORSV-Cy) isolated from infected leaves of tobacco cv. Samsun. Size of the genomic RNA was about 6.6 kb in length. The genomic RNA was fractionated using Sephadex G-50 column chromatography into 2 fractions. They were polyadenylated at their 3'-end using E. coli poly(A) polymerase. Polyadenylated viral RNA was recovered by oligo (dT) primer adapter containing NotI restriction site and Moloney murine leukemia virus SuperScript reverse transcriptase (RNase H-). Second-strand cDNA was synthesized by using E. coli DNA ligase, E. coli DNA polymerase I and E. coli RNase H. Recombinant plasmids containing cDNAs for ORSV-Cy RNA ranged from about 800 bp to 3,000 bp. Among the selected 238 recombinants, pORCY-124 clone was the largest one covering 3'-terminal half of the viral RNA. This clone contained two restriction sites for EcoRI and XbaI and one site for AccI, AvaI, BglII, BstXI, HindIII, PstI, and TthIII 1. respectively. The clone contained partial viral replicase, a full-length movement protein and a complete coat protein genes followed by a 3' untranslated region of 414 nucleotides based on restriction mapping and nucleotide sequencing analyses. Clones pORCY-028, -068, -072, -187 and -224 were overlapped with the pORCY-124. Clones pORCY-014 and -095 covered 5' half upstream from the middle region of the viral RNA, which was estimated based on restriction mapping and partial sequence analysis. Constructed cDNA library covered more than 90% of the viral genome.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.913-917
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• 2008

The cyclic undecapeptide, cyclosporin A (CyA), is one of the most commonly prescribed immunosuppressive drugs. It is generated nonribosomally from a multifunctional cyclosporin synthetase enzyme complex by the filamentous fungus Tolypocladium niveum. In order to maximize the production of CyA by wild-type T. niveum (ATCC 34921), each of three culture stages (sporulation culture, growth culture, and production culture) were sequentially optimized. Among the three potential sporulation media, the SSMA medium generated the highest numbers of T. niveum spores. The SSM and SM media were then selected as the optimal growth and production culture media, respectively. The addition of valine and fructose to the SM production medium was also determined to be crucial for CyA biosynthesis. In this optimized three-stage culture system, 3% of the spore inoculum generated the highest level of CyA productivity in a 15-day T. niveum production culture, thereby implying that the determination of an appropriate size of T. niveum spore inoculum plays a critical role in the maximization of CyA production.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.59-67
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• 1984

This study was carried out to find physical and mechanical properties of soil in Yongsan project area to support basic data for tidalland reclamation. The main results are as follows. 1. Most of the soils in this area consist of clay and silt, and inorganic materials. 2. Natural moisture contents are ranged from 42.2% to 92.9% initial void ratio, from 1.4 to 2.3 Therefore it takes a longtime in Settlement of considerable depth. 3. Wet unit weights decrease with increasing of the nataral moistare contents as rt=2. 005-0. 0065wn.4. The relationships between compression index. and liquid limit, initial void ratio and natural moisture contents are found as follows respectively. Cc =0. 046+0. O12LL Cc=-0. 068+0.367eo Cc =0. 056+0. OO8Wn 5. Natural moisture content, plastic limit, plastic index, initial void ratio and liquid :limit are directly proportional to clay content ratio. The relationships are found as Wn=26. 083+0. 797Cy PL=14. 223+0. 128Cy P1=0. 457+0. 492Cy eo=0. 757+0. O2Ocy LL=14. 695+0. 620Cy. 6. Initial void ratio and liquid limit are directly proportional to natural moisture con-tent as follows. eo=0. 310+0.022wn LL=6. 275+0.592wn

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.526-533
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• 1999

Two species of antimicrobial agent producing bacteria and one sensitive strain were isolated from soil. Those were identified as B. subtilis, B. licheniformis, and Curtobacterium sp. by morphological, biochemical, physiological and chemotaxonomic characteristics. These were designated as B. subtilis cx1, B. licheniformis cy2 and Curtobacterium sp. cf3, respectively. Antimicrobial agent produced by B. subtilis cx1 showed high antibacterial activity against gram positive bacteria including of B. subtilis, Curtobacterium sp., L. mesenteroids, Staphy. aureus, S. faecalis and even gram negative bacteria, P. aeruginosa. Antimicrobial agent from B. licheniformis cy2 showed slightly lower antimi crobial activity than that from B. subtilis cx1. These two strains showed maximum production of antimicrobial agents at 30oC for 9~21hr cultivation. Curtobacterium sp. cf3 showed more sensitive activity than a sensitive strain of B. subtilis ATCC 6633 which was same genus or species with the B. subtilis cx1 and B. subtilis cy2, when the antimicrobial agent producing strains, B. subtilis cx1 and B. subtilis cy2, were directly applied onto these sensitive lawns.