• Title/Summary/Keyword: Curvularia leaf blight

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First Report of Curvularia Leaf Blight Caused by Curvularia trifolii on Creeping Bentgrass in Korea (Curvularia trifolii에 의한 크리핑벤트그래스 잎마름병 발생)

  • Sung, Chang-Hyun;Koo, Jun-Hak;Kim, Jung-Ho;Yoon, Jung-Ho;Lee, Jung-Han;Shim, Kyu-Yul;Kwak, Youn-Sig;Chang, Seog-Won
    • Weed & Turfgrass Science
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    • v.5 no.2
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    • pp.101-104
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    • 2016
  • Curvularia leaf blight of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) putting green by caused Curvularia trifolii was observed in Hapcheon, Korea. In July to September 2014, curvularia leaf blight developed on leaf blades of creeping bentgrass as small water-soaked lesions that subsequently turned into dark-colored, necrotic spots. The spots were expanded and became gray, grayish-brown, or light brown, circular to oblong lesions with purple to dark brown borders that often were surrounded by a yellow halo. The necrotic lesions coalesced, became irregular in shape and caused tip or complete blighting of the leaves. Blighted leaf blades appeared grayish-white to tan. The fungus was identified by morphological characters and 16S rDNA sequencing as C. trifolii. Conidia of the pathogen were short, with predominantly 3-septa, straight or often curved, with end cells frequently paler than intermediate cells. Size of the 3-septate conidia in culture are $26{\sim}28{\times}11{\sim}12{\mu}m$. Pathogenicity of the fungus was proved by artificial inoculation on the host. This is the first report of C. trifolii causing leaf blight on creeping bentgrass in Korea.

Leaf Blight Caused byCurvularia intermedia on the Invasive Weed Lactuca serriola in Korea

  • Jin A Lee;Seon Young Lee;Young-Joon Choi
    • The Korean Journal of Mycology
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    • v.51 no.3
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    • pp.245-249
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    • 2023
  • Prickly lettuce (Lactuca serriola), an invasive annual plant, poses a significant threat to the agricultural systems of many countries, including Korea. In 2020, leaf blight symptoms were observed in the prickly lettuce populations of various farms across Korea. Detailed morphological and molecular sequence analyses revealed that the disease was caused by the fungus, Curvularia intermedia. A pathogenicity test confirmed that the fungus can cause the same symptoms in healthy prickly lettuce, thereby fulfilling Koch's postulates. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of C. intermedia causing leaf blight on L. serriola in Korea, suggesting its potential as a biocontrol agent for this weed. However, further investigations are necessary to determine its ecological impact to prevent any non-target effects.

Seed Transmission of Bipolaris coicis, B. cynodontis, B. maydis and Curvularia lunata causing Leaf Blight of Job's tears (율무에 잎마름 증상을 일으키는 Bipolaris coicis, B. cynodontis, B. maydis 및 Curvularis lunata의 종자전염)

  • Kim, Ji-Soo;Lee, Du-Hyung
    • Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.287-293
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    • 1998
  • Bipolaris coicis, B. cynodontis, B. maydis and Curvularia lunata were leaf blight fungi detected from 45 seed samples of Job's tears and B. coicis was the predominant species in seed samples followed by C. lunata, B. cynodontis and B. maydis. When the seed components were plated on test tube agar, B. coicis and C. lunata were highly detected from invelucre, glume, endosperm and stamen, but not detected from plumule. Seed infection with B. coicis casued seed rot, coleoptile blight and seedling blight of Job's tears. Conidial characteristics of leaf blight fungi were as follows; B. cynodontis was fusiform, brown, slightly curved, 0~5 distoseptate, and 16.8-48$\times$7.2-16.8${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ in size; B. cynodontis was fusiform, brown, slightly curved, 0~8 distoseptate, and 16.8-72$\times$9.6-19.2 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$; B. maydis was fusiform, brown, distintly curved, 0~10 distoseptate, and 28.8-110.4$\times$12-21.6 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. C. Lunata was fusiform, brown, typically curved, 0~3 distoseptate, and 7.2-24$\times$4.8-12 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. B. coicis was highly pathogenic to Job's tears and corn, weakly pathogenic to rice, but not pathogenic to wheat and barley. c. lunata was highly pathogenic to Job's tears (No. 2), corn, wheat and barley, weakly pathogenic to Job's tears (No. 1), but not pathogenic to rice. All treatments were effective to inhibition of leaf blight fungi when carboram, benoram, fludioxonil, prochloraz, thioram, and tap water treated to infected seeds.

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First Report of Waitea Ring Patch caused by Waitea circinata on Zoysiagrass (Zoysiagrass에 Waitea circinata에 의한 Waitea Ring Patch 발생)

  • Kim, Kyung-Duck;Hong, Sung-Chul;Jang, Kong-Man;Han, Muho;Pyee, Jae-Ho;Park, Dae-Sup
    • Weed & Turfgrass Science
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    • v.3 no.4
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    • pp.378-381
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    • 2014
  • A new pathogen was isolated from zoysiagrass-planted park of Jeju island in 2014. Symptoms appeared a type of irregular patches occurring brownish leaf blight, followed by stem and crown rot. The symptom was very similar to that of large patch caused by Rhizoctonia solani, a well-known devastating zoysiagrass disease. The isolate showed thin orange-colored mycelia and screlotia were formed on the medium based on cultural characteristics. The causal agent of the disease was finally identified as Waitea circinata by analysis of ribosomal DNA. On the inoculation test, Waitea circinatae showed strong pathogenicity to the zoysiagrass. The mycelia were obviously observed in the inoculated tissues. This is the first report of Waitea ring patch caused by Waitea circinata on zoysiagrass.

A Detail Investigation of Major Diseases Occurrence and Pathogen Population on Turfgrass Cultivation in Nationwide (국내 잔디 재배지 주요 병해 발생 및 병원균 밀도 조사)

  • Min, Gyu Young;Lee, Jung Han;Kwak, Youn-Sig
    • Weed & Turfgrass Science
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    • v.3 no.2
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    • pp.121-129
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    • 2014
  • We investigated turfgrass diseases and inoculum density at nationwide turfgrass cultivation sites in year of 2013. Occurrences of large patch and rust disease appeared in September. Brown patch recorded in September to October at Namhea and Pythium blight disease occurred outbreaks in early July at Namhea site. Some sites in Namhea damaged 3% area of total cultivation field by Sclerotinia homoeocarp. In Daepyeong (Gyeongnam), Fairy ring and large patch were recorded. Severe takeall and fairy ring have been observed in Gochang-si. Multi-site in Cheongju-si, brown patch was observed in pandemic level. Interesting enough, a cool-season turfgrass cultivate sites in Pyeongtaek-si brown patch, leaf blast, summer patch, and Curvularia leaf spot were investigated during the surveys period. Inoculum densities (Rhizoctonia spp.) at turfgrass cultivations sites were increased as cumulatively in all survey sites. The investigation result indicated that the disease occurrence and pathogens are similar as diseases in golf courses.