• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.322-331
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• 1992

To investigate the svnthyesis of muscle proteins during differentiation of chicken myoblast, cvtosolic and membrane fractions were used for both sodium dodecvl sulfate polvcrylamide gel eBectrophoresis and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. An extensive cell fusion was observed in 4 day culture. In the protein pattern of the cvtosolic fraction from SDS-PAGE. several protein bands including 250 kDa and 46 kDa showed remarkable changes during culture. the protein of 46 kDa was the most prominent one ann its optical density was the highest in 5 day culture (OD = 1.30). In the membrane fraction, band of 19.8 kDa showed the highest absorbance with 0.93 OD at 12 hr after initial plating and decreased gradually thereafter to 0.23 in 5 nay culture. From the results of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of cytosolic fraction, the 46 kDa spot was observed as ko separated forms from culture 2 nary culture, and the sixte of this spot was the largest in 5 nay culture. In the pattern of membrane protein, the extensive appearance of newiv synthesized Proteins was found in a naut culture, but no Prominent spot was observed throughout culture. From the results of the present clay, we found that, during myoblast differentiation, the most prominent proteins were bands of 46 kDa and 19.8 kDa in cvtosolic and membrane fraction, respectively, and the appearance of new proteins was initiated at 48 hr after initial plating, and the 46 kDa protein was predominant in the cytoplasm of late culture in which extensive cell fusion was observed.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.489-496
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• 2000

Several culture systems including batch, two-stage CSTR, semi-fed batch, and two-stage cyclic fed-batch were investigated for the efficient production of the Fab fraction of PDC-E2 specific human monoclonal antibody using high cell density recombinant E. coli. A two-phase batch system and a two-stage continuous system were examined to overcome plasmid instability problems, by separating the growth and the production stages. The cell density and productivity of the two-stage continuous culture was better than that of the two-phase batch fermentation. In the two-stage continuous culture system with DO-stat, the cell growth and the productivity were superior to those of the system without the DO control. Also, almost total plasmid stability was maintained in the two-stage continuous culture system. Modified M9 medium was selected as an optimum feeding medium for the fed-batch process, and the optimum C/N ratio determined to be 2:3. The optimum feeding rate was $0.6g/\ell/hr$ for a constant feeding strategy in semi-fed batch system. When the feeding medium was fed by pulsing, it was observed that more frequent pulsing resulted in improved cell growth. The linear feeding method was the most efficient of the various feeding methods tested. Finally, high cell density culture using a two-stage cyclic fed batch system with pH-stat was tried because the linear feeding method showed limitations in terms of obtaining high cell densities, and a cell density of $54 g/\ell$ was achieved. It was concluded that the two-stage cyclic fed batch system was the most efficient system for high cell density culture of the systems tested. However, productivity improvements were lower than expected due to the extremely high accumulations of acetate, although the low levels of residual glucose were maintained.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.51-53
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• 1996

Fed-batch culture of Pseudomonas oleovorans was carried out for the production of medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoates (MCL-PHAs) using octanoate as a carbon source. Octanoate and the salt solution containing ammounium sulfate and magnesium sulfate were intermittently fed in the course of fermentation. Cell mass and PHA concentrations of 42.8 and 16.8g/L, respectively, could be obtained in 40 h. The PHA content and the PHA productivity were 39.2% and 0.42 g PHA/L-h, respectively. The yields of cell mass and PHA were 0.71 g dry cell mass/g octanoate and 0.28g PHA/g octanoate, respectively. Therefore, octanoate can be used for the production of MCL-PHAs to a high concentration with high productivity.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.395-400
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• 2004

Choristoneura fumiferana (Cf-2Cl) insect cells were cultured and immobilized by using cellulosesulfate (NaCS) and polydiallyldimethylammoniumchloride (PDADMAC). A concentration of CfMNPV (Choristoneura fumiferana multiple-mucleopolyhedrovirus) and a Cf-2Cl cell density in the microspheres have been achieved at the densities of $1.57\times10^{10}$ PIBs/ml and $7.5\times10^7$ cells/ml, respectively. Additionally, MTT-test was used to measure the viable cell density in the microspheres, and the confidence of MIT-test was investigated before and after baculovirus infection in the immobilized cell culture.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.584-593
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diet quality of the menus delivered by 17 free meal service centers for the low-income home-bound elderly in Chung- cheong buk-Do. Statistical data analysis was compleleted using the SPSS package program for descriptive analysis, T-test, and ANOVA. The meals offered by free meal service centers were not met the 1/3 recommended dietary allowances in calcium and vitamin $B_2$. There were significant differences between dependent variables(nutrient content, nutrient density, nutrient deficiency, NAR, MAR, food group intake patterns) and independent variables (operation type, operation status, operation period, nutritionist, food cost).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.689-698
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• 1996

This study was designed to investigate food consumption patterns and nutrient intakes of college students, divided into subgroups of normal weight men (no.=140), normal weight women (no.=101), and underweight women (no.=155) by body mass index. Frequency of food eaten, nutrient intakes from each meal, percentages of RDAs, and nutrient densities were analyzed using 24-hour recall records. It was very interesting in these results as follows. Normal weight men ate on the whole more frequently than other groups. Underweight women had higher intakes of nutrient than did normal weight women. However normal weight women consumed food of greater nutrient density than did other college students. Consequently, it is desirable to suggest nutrient density of food than learn RDAs for adequate diet in nutritional education programs.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.18-22
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• 1997

The conditions for production of high cell density of Bifidobacterium longum were investigated and the cross-flow filtration system was used to remove the inhibitory metabolites, lactic acid and acetic acid. The maximum cell growth was observed with glucose as carbon source at the concentration of 50 g/l at $37^{\circ}C$ with the initial pH 6.5. When B. longum was cultured in a cross-flow filtration system, the maximum cell growth was observed at a dilution rate(D) of $0.31\;h^{-1}$ and the dry cell weight was 16.4 g/l($3.5{\times}10^{10}\;cell/ml$), which was about four times higher than that obtained in the batch culture with pH control.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.153-163
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• 2004

There are normal inhabitants doing medically useful functions in the body. There are many kinds of bacteria performing specific functions in the oral cavity. Two strains of lactic acid bacteria were isolated from normal inhabitants of children 's oral cavity, which inhibited the the production of halitosis by anaerobic bacteria. The authors identified the isolates by the lest using API 50 CHL medium kit. 1. Two isolates were Gram-positive bacilli and produced hydrogen peroxide. 2. The optical density was 1.286 in the supernatant of Fusobacterium nucleatum after vortexing for 30 minutes, whereas in the supernatant of combined Fusobacterium nucleatum and each isolate, they were reduced to 0.628 and 0.497, which the percentages of coaggregation between them were 29.4% and 57.8%, respectively. 3. The optical density of Fusobacterium nucleatum precipitate was 1.794 in the culture media containing cysteine and $FeSO_4$, being reduced to 1.144 and 0.915 in the coaggregated precipitates of Fusobacterium nucleatum and each isolate. 4. The optical density of Porphyromonas gingivalis precipitate was 1.932 in the culture media, being reduced to 1.170 and 1.266 in the coaggregated precipitates of Porphyromonas gingivalis and each isolate. 5. When two isolates were tested with API 50 CHL medium kit, those were identified as Lactobaciallius salivarius and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.13 no.6 s.59
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• pp.896-909
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• 2005

In need of studies on the kinds and structure of thread, the biggest variable factor in knitwear patterns, this study attempts: to examine the physical properties by thread type to basically establish systematic data in order to utilize various mixture and structure of yarn and to contribute to the development of optical patterns by building a systemic and scientific methods to produce knit wear patterns though a statistical analysis of the relation between the variations and physical properties. The results is as follows: with time, a feature of knit, which causes instability making it difficult to maintain the original shape, related to material properties, the weight and expansibility recovery rate have the greatest influence on the variation of wale lengths, though the amount varies by material. The variation of course contraction is closely related to density, the dense fabrics showing the highest values, due to the bust of the human body, the wale length variation of the front is greater than that of the back, by a regression analysis of material properties and the variations is obtained showing the weight, density and expansibility recovery rate have the greatest influence on the wale extension and course contraction of knit.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.737-742
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is restoration for tearing strength of the durable press (DP) finished 100% cotton fabric by enzymatic treatment. Dimethylol Dihydroxy Ethylene Urea (DMDHEU) was used as a DP finish chemical. Enzymes (cellulase, pectinase, protease, lipolase) were selected based on their specific reaction activities. Ideal application of the enzymes for this work was to remove cross-links created by DMDHEU on the surface of the fibers to offer migration property between microstructures of cellulose, yet cross-links that exist inside of the fibers are still remained to impart effect of wrinkle resistance. Physical characteristics (tearing strength, wrinkle recovery, FT-IR) of enzyme treated samples were measured and compared. It was found out that, in case of enzyme treatment, most of enzymes didn't have a great effect on tearing strength, but, in case of Protease, tearing strength increased at DMDHEU 2% treatment. As a result of an experiment on wrinkle recovery of the textiles treated with enzyme making density of DMDHEU different whenever respective experiment was made, it was discovered that density of DMDHEU increased as wrinkle recovery increased and, in the relation to enzyme treatment especially in Lipase enzyme treatment, the lesser density of DMDHEU, the more wrinkle recovery increased.