• 대한가정학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.21-41
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• 1990

All the cultures are enriched and developed themselves through the contact with another culture, which propagate and transplant its new cultural elements to a time-honoured tradition. Therefore, the investigation of the origin of each culture means to find out the all the elements of each culture itself in the end. In Korean Costume, we can find both the Costume of frizid jone and that of temperate jone togther, effected by the influence of typical continental climate. Accordingly, we can also realize that both Lee, of southern tribe and Haw, of northern tribe suitable for the protection of cold weather, existed in Korea. Even Lee and Hwa were used together, Hwa had been appeared earlier than Lee along with the Skitai Costume and we can find its origin in the line of Skitai costume. In Central Asia, Tadjhik was the only race tracing their ancestry from ancient Iranic genuinely and they had been keeping the culture of Skitai origin continuously. The purpose of this thesis is to examine Korean's own culture of the footwear through the investigation of Tadjhik's culture of costume, specially through the culture of Tadjhik footware. To reach the conclusion of this thesis, the comparision and investigation between Korea and Tadjhik was made carefully for the followings, culture of life and costume, forms and materials of footwear. 1. The treasers and boots made by leather and felt was the origin of costume culture of Central Asia and aboves were appeared in persian costumn for the first time. We can consider that those had connection with Korean culture of costume. 2. Form of Tadjhik footwear can be devided by hwa and Lee, and there was a big difference in form between that of mountain area and plain area. We can find more rariety in footwear of mountain area. 3. If we compare the form of Hwa and Lee of Tadjhik with our own footwear, we can find out many things in common and there are lots of similarities particularly in form and material. 4. We can say that the difference of Tadjhik and Korean was the preference of Hwa for Tadjhik and Lee for Korean, aboves came from the different totography, climate condition and life style. 5. The form of male and female footwear of tadjhik was almost similar, but female footwear had various and beautiful decorations for the ornament. 6. The materials of Tadjhik footwear was mostly leather, and Hwa was used particularly for labour purposes. 7. We can expect that Tadjhik of Central Asia and Korea had a similar orgin and style on the footwear. It can be expected that we can find out many common things in further investigation of the study of Tadjhik costume and will exert the examination continuously.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.17-33
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• 1996

The primary purpose this descriptive study was to identify, describe, and compare the patterns of shared governance and nursing unit culture in the hospital settings. The secondary purpose of the research was to identify, describe whether the participation style or responsibility style of nursing management activities shared through nurses in a consistent way. Methodology included survey and in-depth interviews with a total 145 members of 15 nursing units in 3 hospitals. One was a national hospital, another was a corporation hospital and the other was a teaching hospitals. Conclusions from this research included the following: 1. The degree of shared governance in nursing management activities was the highest in the corporation hospital. 2. In the participation style of nursing management activities, 'all participation' was the highest in the corporation hospital. 'Nursing administration only' was the highest in the national hospital. 3. Distribution of responsibility style differed from that of participation style. Three hospitals showed high in nursing management activities such as 'nursing administration only' and 'head nurse only' style. 4. Five experts surveyed showed that the ideal level of nurses' participation in nursing management activities was a traditional nursing governance pattern. 5. There was a distinct difference in the nursing unit culture throughout the institutions in the professional growth. 6. There was no significant difference in the same nursing units of three hospitals in nursing unit culture. According to these results, the following implications can be made; 1. In nursing administration, there should be an emphasis on preparing staff nurses' potential decision-making ability through continuing education so that staff nurses' autonomy and responsibility will be developed and increased. 2. It is necessary to develop a strategic nursing unit for improving nursing quality in hospital setting. 3. The relationship of shared governance, nursing unit culture and nursing outcome should be researched further.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.17-23
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• 2015

This study was aimed to determine the effect of basal application of Effective Microorganisms (EM) on the grow and yield of cucumber. For treatments, the EM was applied to soil with fertilizer composed with $N-P_2O_5-K_2O$-manure (24.0-16.4-23.8-2,000kg) in the 1.0 strength (defined as EM+1S), 2/3 strength (defined as EM+2/3S), 1/2 strength (defined as EM+1/2S), without fertilizer (defined as EM), or only fertilizer in the 1.0 strength (defined as 1S). In result, there was no significant differences of organic substance content and pH with the EM treatment. While the EC (Electric conductivity) concentration was decreased, plant-available P (phosphorus) was markedly increased. Chlorophyll content was highest in the treatment of EM+standard application rate for both semi-forcing and retarding culture. In contrast, no significant difference was found in plant height and internode length under the fertilizer treatment. Weekly harvested number of cucumber was highest at the treatment of EM+standard application for the semi-forcing culture, while it was 3.6 at the EM+1/2 application for the retarding culture. Weekly yield was greatest at the EM+standard application treatment and decreased with the decrease of fertilizer application rate. In addition, weekly yield was significantly reduced in the treatment of EM. There was no significant difference in yields by production time with the fertilizer applications?. Yield was increased with temperature for the semi-forcing culture, while consistent pattern was maintained for the retarding culture.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.61-71
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• 2015

Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) produced from marine organisms is widely used in nutraceuticals. Monodus subterraneus and Nannochloropsis oceanica, which are representative freshwater and marine Eustigmatophyceae, respectively, are known to have a high content of protein and lipid, particularly, EPA. In this study, to compare the growth and nutritional composition of M. subterraneus and N. oceanica, they were cultured in autotrophic and mixotrophic conditions with JM and f/2 medium, respectively, at $25^{\circ}C$. In addition, $80{\mu}mol\;photons\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$ with 24-hour and 12-hour light was provided, with the addition of 2% glucose to the medium for the mixotrophic culture. With regard to growth, M. subterraneus showed 10 times higher biomass in a mixotrophic culture than in an autotrophic one. However, no significant difference was observed for N. oceanica between the two culture methods. With respect to nutritional composition, M. subterraneus cultured autotrophically had a higher protein and lipid content, particularly EPA, than that cultured mixotrophically, but no significant difference was found in the two cultures of N. oceanica. Furthermore, M. subterraneus cultured autotrophically with continuous light showed higher nutritional composition, particularly EPA, than N. oceanica. In conclusion, the mass culture of freshwater M. subterraneus is much easier and more economical than marine N. oceanica. In addition, production of EPA will be economically improved if mixotrophic culturing of M. subterraneus is first conducted to maximize the biomass, and then secondary autotrophic culturing is performed.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.206-215
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• 2022

For a long time, traditional culture has been regarded as one of the sources of the inspiration, method and language of Chinese writing. In this article, we studied the medium- and long-term impact of a traditional Chinese culture seminar attended by college students on the output of creative writing. The seminar included traditional Chinese philosophy, history, literature, art, etc. It spanned three years (22 months) and held lectures lasting for approximately two hours once a week. The subjects of the prospective cohort study included 130 first-year college students who participated in the seminar and 130 controls. From September 2016 to June 2018, 72 lectures were held. We measured the creative writing output from the first lecture (September 2016) to December 2021 (64 months in total), including novels, essays, poems, and plays. Two indicators, the total number of words (TNW) and the quality of yield (QY), were evaluated by a 15-member panel. Although the TNW and QY of the participants and their controls were similar before the seminar, we found that the participants have higher TNW and QY than the controls after participating in the seminar. The difference in TNW became significant after month 51 (p<0.05), and the difference in QY became significant after month 46 (p<0.05). After these dates, the differences stabilized. In addition, text analysis indicates that by month 64, traditional cultural elements in the works of the participating group had a higher frequency (p<0.001). The research shows that the traditional culture seminar not only enhanced the yield of college students' creative writing but also improved the quality of their work. The traditional cultural elements enriched the works of the seminar participants.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.150-159
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• 2016

Knowledge of the distribution and biodiversity of environmental bacteria and the ecosystem that influences them is crucial for predicting an ecosystem. However, bacterial culture methods can only analyze approximately 0.1% of the existing microorganisms, those that are readily cultured under laboratory conditions. By contrast, next-generation sequencing (NGS) has generally been known to obtain more diverse profiling of bacterial composition. We compared the bacterial communities using both a culture-dependent (MALDI-TOF) and culture-independent (NGS) methods. Environmental specimens were obtained from both freshwater and seawater. Water samples were also analyzed by both pyrosequencing and MiSeq sequencing, in order to select one NGS platform which could analyze comparatively more diverse microbiota. Bacterial distribution analyzed with MALDI-TOF showed no difference between the microbiota of freshwater and seawater, whereas the results analyzed with NGS distinguished between the two. The diversity indexes of MiSeq sequencing were higher than for Pyrosequencing. This indicated that MiSeq sequencing is capable of analyzing a comparatively wider diversity of bacteria. The genus of Flavobacterium and Planktophila were identified as being unique to freshwater, whereas EU801223 and OM43 were found in the seawater. Difference between the bacterial composition of the freshwater and seawater environments was identified by MiSeq sequencing analysis.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.361-379
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to find how hybrid fashion and make-up responses to multiculturalism condition and how expression of hybrid. Today, every culture has taken on the compromise form by means of the cultural difference, variety, and pluralism according to the internationalization and the advance. In accordance with this current of the times, this study observed the hybrid found in the multiculturalism of the 21th century. The expression of hybrid in multiculturalism of contemporary fashion and make up combination of difference. Second, the society development and a generalized knowledge of multiculturalism and hybrid and history of make up. Third, characteristic of fashion about multiculturalism and characteristic of fashion about hybrid classify a divide into five according to fashion trend. Oriental and western of hybrid, the past and the present of hybrid, high society and the lower classes of hybrid, the main current and non mainstreamers of hybrid, the present and the future of hybrid. Fourth, characteristic of make up about multiculturalism and characteristic of make up about hybrid classify a divide into five according to fashion trend. Oriental and western of hybrid, the past and the present of hybrid, high society and the lower classes of hybrid, the main current and non mainstreamers of hybrid, the present and the future of hybrid take measures too.

• BMB Reports
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.333-340
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• 2007

Gene encoding cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (CGTase), from thermotolerant Paenibacillus sp. T16 isolated from hot spring area in northern Thailand, was cloned and expressed in E. coli (JM109). The nucleotide sequences of both wild type and transformed CGTases consisted of 2139 bp open reading frame, 713 deduced amino acids residues with difference of 4 amino acid residues. The recombinant cells required 24 h culture time and a neutral pH for culture medium to produce compatible amount of CGTase compared to 72 h culture time and pH 10 for wild type. The recombinant and wild-type CGTases were purified by starch adsorption and phenyl sepharose column chromatography and characterized in parallel. Both enzymes showed molecular weight of 77 kDa and similar optimum pHs and temperatures with recombinant enzyme showing broader range. There were some significant difference in pH, temperature stability and kinetic parameters. The presence of high starch concentration resulted in higher thermostability in recombinant enzyme than the wild type. The recombinant enzyme was more stable at higher temperature and lower pH, with lower $K_m$ for coupling reaction using cellobiose and cyclodextrins as substrates.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2020

This study is based on a representative body shape drawn from previous studies that classify adult male torso shapes. In this study, a design method is proposed by developing a tight-fit pattern that can be easily developed into various items and designs using the body surface development figure. This is obtained by converting the 3D body shape of the model representing the representative body shape. The specific design method was conducted as follows. Actual measurement values were used for waist back length, waist-to-hip length, shoulder length. The scye depth was determined as C/4-1.7 cm, and the front and back Interscye was set at (1/2 × actual measurements)-0.2 cm. The front-back neck breadth was set to (1/5 × base neck circumference)-1.3 cm and (1/5 × base neck circumference) cm. The front-back neck depth was set to (1/5 × base neck circumference)-1.2 cm and 3.5 cm. Front chest circumference was C/4-1 (front-back difference)cm; (1/4 × back chest circumference) was C/4 + 1 (front-back difference) + 0.3 (dart amount) cm. Front waist circumference was W/4-0.2 (front-back difference) + 2.2 (dart amount) cm; back waist circumference was W/4 + 0.2 (front-back difference) + 2.5 (dartamount) cm; front hip circumference was H/4 + 0.2 (ease) + 0.2 (front-back difference) cm; and back hip circumference was H/4 + 0.2 (ease)-0.2 (front-back difference) cm; Front droop was 1.6 cm. The newly developed tight-fit pattern is expected to be of great use as a basis for garment construction.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.197-208
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• 2003

This study was implemented for 84 students of dental hygiene to show the correlation between dental caries experience and improved caries activity test. Dental caries experience for the sample groups was examined and stimulative saliva secreted for 5 minutes was collected into the tube to check saliva secretion rate. Dentocult LB test was executed to observe Lactobacilli colonies after 96 hour cultivation of culture slides moistened with stimulative saliva. Dentocult SM test(screening strip, site strip) was done to measure SM colonies distribution after 48 hour cultivation of culture strips applied with collected saliva and dental plaque respectively, and salivary buffering capacity was checked by means of Dentobuff strip kit. Following conclusions are obtained after examining the relation between Dentocult LB, Dentocult SM, Dentobuff strip test results and DMFT index, salivary secretion rate. 1. Showed no significant difference between Dentocult LB test results and DMFT index, salivary secretion rate. 2. Showed no significant difference between Dentocult SM(screening strip) test results and DMFT index, salivary secretion rate. 3. Showed significant difference between Dentocult SM(site strip) test results and DMFT index(pE0.05), but showed no significant difference between Dentocult SM(site strip) test results and salivary secretion rate. 4. Showed no significant difference between Dentobuff strip test results and DMFT index, but showed a very wide difference between Dentobuff strip test results and salivary secretion rate(pE0.01).