• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.421-428
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• 2014

Total 20 surface sediments were collected in Anjung bay to investigate the physicochemical environment and heavy metal contents. The physicochemical investigation ranged from 6.41% to 11.68% (average $9.52{\pm}1.28%$) for ignition loss (IL), from 17.99 mg/g to 43.84 mg/g (average $27.53{\pm}6.39mg/g$) for chemical oxygen demand (COD), and from 0.05 mg/g to 0.61 mg/g (average $0.17{\pm}0.14mg/g$) for acid volatile sulfide (AVS) with significant correlation between water content (W/C) and COD. A contour of spatial distribution indicated higher organic pollution at the bottom of ascidian, Stylea clava, cultural waters. Most of metals contents was not exceeded the NOAA's effect range-low (ERL). Estimated enrichment factor (EF) ranging 0.96-1.12 indicated that the sediment environment of the studied waters was relatively pristine from heavy metal pollution in spite of increased vessel traffics, so far.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.33-41
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• 1997

This study was carried out to establish simple and easy methods to judge the survival, senescence and death of the protoplasts in culture system by identifying the marker substance related to metabolic status of the cells. When rice and tobacco protoplasts were cultured in MS and KM-8P media containing 2,4-D or coconut milk ABA decreased especially in the media containing coconut milk, but GA$_3$, IAA and zeatin increased as the cultures progressed. The decrease of ABA and increase of zeatin was especially remarkable. When the supraoptimal amount of osmoticum (mannitol) was added to the culture media ABA decreased after a momentary increase, but other growth hormones slowly increased as the concentration of the osmoticum increased. Contents of individual hormones were contrasted when protoplasts rice and tobacco were cultured on the same medium containing 10mM super mine or NaCl. Tobacco protoplasts were more sensitive to NaCl stress and stopped protoplast division at the late stage of culture. Protoplast viability decreased greatly in 48 hours when the protoplast were at 32$^{\circ}C$ on a medium lacking several components. ABA content increased up to 10 days from incubation in negative proportion to the protoplast viability. On the other hand contents of other growth hormones, especially zeatin, decreased. The present results clearly showed that the contents of individual growth hormones in the plant protoplasts in culture varied sensitively in response to environmental factors that they are faced with. This indicates that the physiological states of the protoplast, such as survival, senescence or death can be simply judged based on the quantitative analysis of those hormones by ELISA.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.22
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• pp.87-98
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• 2008

Microstructures and chemical compositions of 24 bronze mirrors recovered from the Korean peninsula were examined using the scanning electron microscope equipped with the energy dispersive spectrometer in an effort to characterize the treatments applied on their surface. Their provenance and chronology are mostly unspecified except for two objects from a Koryo burial site. In antiquity the surface of bronze mirrors was frequently finished by mere polishing when their tin content was high enough to guarantee the required reflectivity. In many cases, however, their surface was given a special treatment. The most typical treatment was to coat the surface with tin in two different processes referred to as wipe-tinning and amalgam-tinning. In wipe-tinning only tin was used, but in amalgam-tinning tin and mercury were used together. The surface was often coated with mercury in a process known as mercury-polishing. The present mirrors showed that all these techniques were in fact practiced, not only on the reflective surface but, in some cases, on the decorative surface. The detection of mercury played a crucial role in the assessment of a specific technique applied in each mirror. Mercury often remained in the substrate in the form of sulfide and thereby allowed the method of surface treatment to be estimated even when the coated layer was completely lost. The future study is expected to uncover the regional and temporal variation of the surface treatments to the better understanding of bronze mirrors with respect to provenance and chronology.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.20
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• pp.152-162
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• 1975

Five barley varieties were compared under six 1evels of nitrogen fertilization and two methods of cultural management, conventional and drill seeding. The increase in grain yield and nitrogen content of the leaves showed a significant linear regression from added increaments of nitrogen in Haganemugi and Olbori, particulary under drill seeding. The other varieties resulted in various degrees of lodging and no significant increases in yield. The spike number per square meter was the major component of yield, but when the spike number per square meter was sufficient, 1000 grain weight was equally as important as a component of yield.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.268-275
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate what items are needed for reemployment according to the life cycle of women and to provide basic data to address the career discontinuity of women. The study selected five women currently unemployed living in Daejeon who were taking classes related to entrepreneurship at the Cultural Center and the Women Resource Development Center. The data collection period was from October to December, 2017, and collected from in depth interviews. An open-ended interview was used to explore the content of the interview process. The results of the study are as follows: Support policies for women with career disruptions should, above all, be given priority over career support to ensure that currently employed women do not quit their jobs due to marriage, childbirth or childcare. In addition, there is a need to improve the relevant systems and to implement vocational education and training programs so that women with career discontinuity can reenter the labor market. To do this, it is necessary to establish and support career planning in order to understand the effects of women's lifecycles and to support women's economic activity.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.19
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• pp.145-159
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• 2010

Similar to the other cultural contents, the character industry is based on the media which acts as the technological background. In fact, the character industry is the process of that a created character accesses to the consumers via media, builds its value and becomes licensed as a brand in the market. Therefore, it is crucial to select the most effective media for the consistence of a character in the market, as well as for construction of a higher brand quality of the character. Today, "Webtoon" might be considered as one of the marketing means which utilizes the Internet media for raising the character as a brand. Webtoon has apparent strength because it can be produced in shorter period and with less expense than through other media. Furthermore, Webtoon can be simply featured by the easiness of two-way communication and transference to another media through it. For these reasons, and according to the result of analyzing some Korean Webtoons, it seems obvious that the most effective media in character marketing is the Internet. In addition to the Internet, the strategic development in the media-mix is also important for establishing a brand of a character. However, the effective media-mix is available only when the character's external identity meets with the trait of its media. For the purpose of learning how the media-mix works when a character reaches for the consumers, a character "Hamataeng" was born and used in the experiment. This study will explain the marketing process through the use of own-created Webtoon and other contents, and suggest the ways to build a brand of a character. In addition, it is also indicated that a media-mixing strategy for transformation and expansion of the character to other media.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.21
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• pp.71-84
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• 2010

The current distribution structure in Korea film industry is in the multiplex chain. As a result, most small or medium-sized theaters have been excluded from the market, and all the multiplex chain have gradually been formed into the vertical integration structure. The strike by multiplex theaters in Chuncheon who did not screen for one month led to the problem of the vertical integration, which resulted in many effects. Particularly, it caused considerable effect on the cultural desire and instigated movie-goers to turn to illegal content. This study surveys the process in which Korean multiplex theaters in vertical integration structure took over the Korean film market, and consequently, small theaters collapsed, and the theaters in vertical integration structure kick out small theaters in horizontal integration structure, and conducts a survey on the effect of the one-month strike by Chuncheon CGV from September 27 to October 30, 2008 in Chuncheon where said processes had completed so as to determine the effect of and impact of the problem of the vertical integration, monopoly structure. When major consumers of the film industry, i.e., people in their 20s, see their access to newly released films limited due to closing of multiplex theaters, they feel the impulse to access illegal contents. If they miss viewing the newly released films, they prefer to view illegal contents or films on recording media rather than visiting theaters showing those films. They are also influenced by timing of film release. Specifically, methods of illegal access to newly released films, permanent accessibility to them via recording media, and timing of film release influence their viewing patterns.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.213-237
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• 2009

Local culture is a cultural heritage that has come down from generation to generation in the natural environment of a region. It includes history, tradition, natural features, art, and historic relics. The Academy of Korean Studies has complied "The Encyclopedia of Korean Local Culture" using those local culture contents. Local culture content shave the features of documentary, such as authenticating the source, and managing hierarchy structure. Thus, to deal with local culture contents, a "circular knowledge information management system" is sought for that helps basic, fragmentary, and high-level information to circulate to create new knowledge information within the system. A user of this circular knowledge information management system is able not only to collect data directly in it, but also to fetch data from other database. Besides, processing the collected data helps to create new knowledge information. But, it's very difficult to sustain the features of the original hierarchy bearing meaning contained in the various kinds of local culture contents when building a new database. Moreover, this kind of work needs many times of correction over a long period of time. Therefore, a system in which compilation, correction, and service can be done simultaneously is needed. Therefore, in this study, focusing on the case of "The Encyclopedia of Korean Local Culture", I propose a XML-based digital compilation management system that can express hierarchy information and sustain the semantic features of the local culture contents containing lots of ancient documents, and introduce the expanded functions developed to manage contents in the system.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.164-172
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• 2018

This paper examines the relevance of pre-production and storytelling in big data analysis and, focusing on JTBC's Man to Man series, looks at how the drama's storytelling should be structured. In this study, we conducted text mining on blogs focused on a particular topic to read the viewer's thoughts on pre-produced dramas and on 67 blogs written about Pre-Production Dramas from 2016.12.15 to 2017.12.15. Also, we conducted sentiment analysis about the Man to Man series, which is not only a pre-production drama, but also has storytelling issues. The blog text extraction and text mining were analyzed using the OutWit Hub and the R, and the tools.provided by social metrics were used to make sentiment analyses of the larger data. Sentiment analysis revealed that the viewers of the Man to Man series did not agree with the romance between Kim Sul-woo and Cha Do-ha, due to the lack of reality in the female characters. Therefore, it was concluded that it is crucial to increase the reality of the characters in order to increase the audience's empathy. These studies will continue to be necessary, because they will form the basis for digitally driven storytelling studies and will provide valuable materials for conducting predictions and instructions in the cultural content industry.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.153-161
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• 2016

Urban design claiming the notion of 'Sustainability', which inevitably includes ecological complexity, is normally geared towards the reflection of environmentally-friendly technical guidelines in the existing planning process. Although physical planning should be combined with economic, social, cultural, environmental issues, and policies, it is conducted conventionally as the sum of the closed sectoral approaches of planning. To overcome this limit, Design Charrette was invented for sustainable urban design or community design, which should consider the complexity of diverse issues. This design process unveils complicated and divergent problems and a variety of stakeholders participate in the integrated design simultaneously and cooperatively. Because Design Charrette must also be a process of agreement, it is used for sustainable community design. The aim of this study was to introduce Design Charrette as an alternative of Korean sustainable urban design, which is regarded as 'making guidelines related to green principles'. For such a purposes, the definition and differentiation of Design Charrette will be explained with an analysis of the introduction background, benefit and procedure. The contents, system and process of Design Charrette will be analyzed through case studies in Canada, where this method of design is widespread. In the last part, the implementation system (the comprehensive system of organization / content and direction of planning / process and output) will be deduced after concentrated analysis of one respected case, 'Sensitive Urban Infill Charrette' of the City of Surrey. This implementation system will be a crucial reference to develop Korean Design Charrette.