• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.115-125
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• 2010

A theme park is not just a recreational space for leisure activities, but also a place of storytelling as collected around abstract boundaries called themes. These stories are 'a space that tells the meaning' that the visitor is looking for and the Robot Land space offers robots, humans, and nature. This study is a description of the design strategy and content of the work which was elected as a subject of the subsequent rank negotiation of the Masan Robot Land design contest for the selection of a private contractor. The focus of the plan is, first, the organizational power of each space and the delivery power of a theme for the history of revisits, which might be considered depending on whether or not the theme park has been successful in the visitor's mind. Second, it is to actively use the potential of Masan, which is not only the key hub of the mechanical industry but also has beautiful coastal resources. First, they created a space that can flexibly react depending on the user's desire and the change of form, minimizing environmental damage by using a linear metabolism that can provide an amalgam of the elemental characteristics of robots, humans, and nature as motifs. They introduced a planting plan for the admissions square, an existing forest, slope, vacation spot, the inside of a complex, and Eco Island, etc. by utilizing symbolic meaning and adjusting to the spatial characteristics of each space. In addition, they sought a detailed space by setting up zones tailored to the use and character of the subject area, having exhibitions and education about robots, vacation facilities for lodgers, various recreational and commercial facilities, and space for utopian gardens as themes. They planned Masan Robot Land to be a true cultural space that creates mental richness on the basis of not only the economical effects but also local emotion.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.349-356
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• 1995

To produce PHA(polyhydroxyalkanoic acid) from microbr, dozens of microorganism have been screened from sewage sludge. Selected a strain HJ out of 50 strains of PHA producing bacteria has a capability of accumulating large amounts of PHB/HV copolymer when grown in batch culture with a single carbon source (glucose) that was not generally considered as precursor of hydroxyvalerate monomer unit. The strain HJ was identified as the genus Pseudomonas with respect to morphological, cultural, and biochemical characteristics. The optimal temperature and pH for cell growth were $37^{\circ}C$ and 7.0. The optimal medium compositions for cell growth were glucose 1% as a carbon source, (NH4) 2SO4 0.2% as a nitrogen source, K2HPO4 0.3%, and KH2PO4 0.45%. TO investigate she optimal condition for PHA production two-step cultivation method was employed. PHA production was inducted by deficiency of NH4+, SO4-2, Mg+2. Besides carbon source, deficiency of all nutrients stimulated PHA productivity but deficiency of NH4+ stimulated the most HV monomer content. The highest PHA production was C/N molar ratio 95.2. Pseudomonas sp. HJ was also able to pyoduc PHB/HV copolymer when cultivated on alkane, alkanoate, alcohol as carbon sources. The contents of PHA and she proportions of hydroxyvalerate monomer units varied depending on the carbon sources. Especially Pseudomonas sp. HJ was able to incorporate hydroxyvalerate into PHB/HV to level as high as from 49 to 74 mol% when grown in a medium containing hexadecane and propionate. The purified PHA was identified PHB/HV copolymer by HNMR analysis.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.102-113
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• 2000

The study attempts to analyze the trends of study related with oriental nursing. This article reviewed 81 researches on oriental nursing from 1985 to July 2000, by examining them according to the articles' characteristics, sources by publication period, research design, nursing intervention effect of experimental study and concept, and content of literature review. The findings of the analysis can be summarized as follows; 1. The number of studies related with oriental nursing has progressively increased by year from 1985, and that of articles was the highest during the period between 1995 to 1999. Since the 1990s, the number of articles including thesis and dissertation increased, and a third of subject articles were thesis among them. 2. The majority of research design were survey and correlational studies, and most of them were published in the 1990s. Literature review articles also occupied a certain portion, and most of them were published after 1995. In addition, the research design of dissertation revealed in various types. 3. Nursing intervention used in the experimental study was Dan Jeon Breathing, San-Yin-Jiao (SP-6) Pressure, Percutanous Electrical Nerve Stimulation, Guided Imagery, Diet for Sasang Constitution, Yoga Exercise, Qigong Exercise, Meridian Massage, Bed Exercise Program, Health Contract and Structured Rehabilitation Education. Among the study subjects, patients with chronic illness were at the highest rate, and the most nursing intervention effects presented physiological effect, activities of daily living and relieving pain. In most studies, the affirmative effect proved. 4. The key concept of literature review articles is energy, oriental nursing, health promotion, oriental medicine management of illness and etc. Being important concepts to understand oriental nursing, they confirm similar perspective of oriental medicine and nursing and show simultaneously the importance of nursing considered into the cultural perspective. The summary of the above results shows a tendency that the thesis and dissertation have been relatively considered with various research designs, while the others have focused on literature review. Especially, experimental study proved affirmative effect through various experimental treatment of nursing intervention related with oriental medicine. Besides in the literature review, inquiry of theories and practical perspective, which is necessary for the establishment of oriental nursing, was introduced. However, for the establishment of oriental nursing, more studies are to be required along with development of nursing intervention related with health promotion.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 1992

This experiment was conducted to find the effect of gibberellin paste on the growth and maturation of 'Hosui' pear fruit and to develop a cultural technique in the middle area of Korea, where fruit quality is often poor due to the short growing season. The application of $GA_{3+4+7}$ paste on the petioles at the young stage of development resulted in the early increase of fruit diameter and weight. Although fruit firmness was slightly low by the $GA_{3+4+7}$ paste treatment, compared to that of control, there were no differences in other quality actors such as soluble solid content and acidity. However, $GA_3$ alone did not affect the fruit growth and quality. Are increase of ethylene evolution of fruit was not confirmed hut ground color development was hastened, resulting in the stimulation of maturity by 3~5 days. Thus, these results may be applicable to the production of high quality 'Hosui' pears in the area where growing season is relatively short.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.131-142
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• 2013

The current study examined how different level of self-constol and construal level influences game users' game addiction. Also we explored the interaction effect between the individual's self-control and construal level on game addiction. To answer the research questions, we conducted an online survey and total 918 participants were selected for the final analysis. According to the results, users with low level of self-control and low-level construal showed higher level of game addiction. In addition, we found a significant interaction effect between self-control and construal-level on game addiction. In high self-control group, game addiction level was low regardless of level of self-construal. However, in low self-control group, the level of construal-level affected game addiction. We found that construal-level played an important mediating variable. These findings suggest a noble insight for autonomous control in alleviatinggame addiction by changing one's level of self-control and self-construal.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.60-67
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• 1998

The effects of moisture content (MC) and diffusion period on the diffusion of boron from borate rod through Pinus densiflora and P. koraiensis were investigated as a preliminary research of integrated remedial treatment for heritage wooden structures using borate rod. After equilibrating MCs of samples (15, 25, and 40%), borate rod (1,000 mg) was inserted into the sample, and stored for diffusion of boron at room temperatures ($23^{\circ}C$) for 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Wafers were serially cut at constant intervals from rod treatment point and the boron penetration through longitudinal and transverse direction was measured by staining with boron indicator. For boron diffusion, MC above fiber saturation point was needed, and the diffusion rates increased with time. The fastest rates of diffusion were observed in longitudinal direction, followed by the radial and then the tangential direction. The rates of diffusion in all directions were the fastest in P. koraiensis. In P. densiflora, the diffusion rates through heartwood was faster than that in sapwood in longitudinal direction and vice versa in transverse direction. Based on the best result of this study, optimal space between rod insertion points could be recommended as follows; approximately 120 mm for P. koraiensis and heartwood of P. densiflora, 60 mm for sapwood of P. densiflora in longitudinal direction, and approximately 30 mm for all species tested in transverse direction. However, the effect of rod size and long-term exposure for diffusion on boron movement should be fully investigated for the accurate evaluation of optimal space between rod holes.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 1980

In 1976, a newly released rice variety, Yushin, was planted in 300,000 ha of the 533,000 ha of cultivated total hecterage with new rice varieties. High productivity and quality were achieved by farmers around country. However, the wilting phenomena of Yushin occured in some regions where were employed poor cultural management, and flowed sewage into the paddy field from industrial factories. This study was identified some factors for the wilting phenomena of Yushin rice variety in morphological and physiological aspects. The Yushin variety showed greater internode elongation on low part of the stems that close related to lodge at heavier nitrogen levels, excessive number of spikelets per unit leaf blade weight i.e. higher sink/source ratio, and greater consumption of respiratory substrate by increased respiration rate of rice plant as compared with those of Tongil rice variety. In physilogical aspects, the Yushin variety was significantly declined root development and root activities under heavy nitrogen conditions. Yushin rice variety was decreased $K_2$O/N ratio, carbohydrate content in stem of rice plant, and physiological root activities specially in low light intensity, 50% light interception plots. Therefore, above factors were mainly promoted the wilting phenomena of Yushin rice variety.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.1-24
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• 2007

With the development of information technology (IT), various information systems (IS) such as Web-based systems and mobile systems have appeared utilizing different technologies. However, recent studies on IS use and user satisfaction rarely account for technological differences among IS and environmental characteristics where IS are intended to be used. The purpose of this research is to investigate the determinants of the use of Web-based ticketing systems for cultural activities and to empirically validate their relationships. Environmental psychology suggests that human beings respond to external stimuli from environments with their emotions, and their emotional states influence human actions, e.g., IS use in this research. Applying environmental psychology to the use of Web-based systems in the culture and entertainment industry, we propose that web site characteristics first influence a user's internal state of mind (i.e., flow) and then the flow state influences the IS use. Studies related to the state of flow collectively affirm the key role played by the flow construct in shaping individual attitudes and behaviors toward IS. Users' flow states are captured by their shopping enjoyment, perceived behavioral control, and the level of concentration on the IS use. Referring to social presence theory, we have included such web site characteristics as content quality, context of web site, and community quality. In our research model, a second order construct is utilized to represent web site quality, because flow theory suggests that holistic experiences with web-based systems (rather than individual characteristics of the web site) are important in explaining the IS use. Further, we have included trust as another important factor influencing the IS use since business transactions on the web encompass higher uncertainty comparing to offline transactions. In order to test our hypotheses, we have conducted an online survey which results in 1,141 valid responses in the final sample. The data were collected from respondents who have experiences in Internet ticketing systems. Although it was a convenient sample, the sample represents a wide variety of user demographics. Validity and reliability of the research instrument were tested and research hypotheses were examined using PLS Graph 3.0. The results indicate that web site characteristics significantly influence the level of user concentration, user's enjoyment in shopping, and perceived behavioral control. Further, the use of Internet ticketing systems is influenced by users' flow states and trust in the web channel. User satisfaction is turned out to be affected by the use of Internet ticketing systems. Unlike extant research on the relationship between web site characteristics and its use, our study has found that, in the culture and entertainment industry, the impact of web site characteristics on IS use is mediated by a user's flow state. This finding has a practical implication that web site design should include as many features that enhance shopping enjoyment and concentration. Other practical implications of these findings and future research implications are also discussed.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.33
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• pp.143-169
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• 2013

Recently, because of the danger and damages that following the steady development of scientific technologies, natural science is faced with many humane and ethical problems. So it is asserted the interdisciplinary with social and human science. However, it comes commonly that the ethical issues such as world view and one's view of life caused the development of sociology, especially development of the market economy. But in many cases, the interdisciplinary can be useful for widen the view of scholars. The interdisciplinary is actually connected with the problems of philosophy, and located in that domain. In this case, this is noticed as a model to the philosophers in 18th century, especially Denis Diderot. Diderot published De $l^{\prime}interpr{\acute{e}}tation$ de la nature during editing the Encyclopedia, from there he picked out the contents from piles of documents of Encyclopedia. Even though the contents or opinions of De $l^{\prime}interpr{\acute{e}}tation$ de la nature are inaccuracy or erroneous, it shows that how human-social science and natural science encountered. Diderot studied mathematics and then Diderot accepted to the natural science proposal, he approaches philosophy with translate English books to the French. Next he understood natural science by reading Buffon and Maupertuis, and during working for Encyclopedia, he possessed his knowledge that he can claim his opinion to other scholars. However in this De $l^{\prime}interpr{\acute{e}}tation$ de la nature, Diderot who sometimes rebutted other scholars' theory and demonstration, tried to build a philosophy on metaphysics in order to it was important for himself that he imposed the methods of science and importance of experience. Anyhow, this De $l^{\prime}interpr{\acute{e}}tation$ de la nature cause consider the recognition of Diderot in the field of natural science, and is suggested as a model about his Nature. This mean that it is an expression of his philosophy, and the content is found from natural philosophy and empirical philosophy. Like giving these attache the importance of method study for science and technique, these are targeted the promotion of popularization of natural-science and scientific-technology. Also it advocates fulfilling from reasonable philosophy to empirical philosophy. Therefore, the philosophy which was speculative and abstracted became his philosophy which was writing the meaning, as waiting the discovery of science. And at that time, the humanities made interdisciplinary with natural science.

• Review of Culture and Economy
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.85-104
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• 2018

The studies related to the price of artworks have focused on how factors that are determined on production level, such as artists and the artwork materials of the studies, affect the artwork prices. As 'Dansekhwa' is in the spotlight within local Korean art auction matket, this study would like to analyze the trend of the price changes of 'Dansekhwa' with its growing popularity among the public. We have estimated the price changes based on 4,199 auction data of 20 artists with top 20 auction prices selected by the Korean Art Price Appraisal Association, between 2005 and 2016. Also, in order to compare and analyze the price changes of the 'Dansekhwa' products, we have classified the 20 artists into groups of Dansekhwa and non-Dansekhwa. Starting from 2013, when Dansekhwa has first appeared, we applied the Difference in the Difference model(DiD) to estimate the result. As a result, the difference between two groups showed 71% of price difference due to the increase in popularity of Dansekhwa. This result proves that recognition level has an important role for increase in price of an artwork. Moreover, the fact that the formalized style of Dansekhwa has linked to the appreciation of the price means that production of information could play an essential role in growth of art market. As recognition level of Korean artists and their artworks is considerably low within the local art market, putting in the effort to increase the popularity of artworks among the public might be a helpful way to magnify the potential demand.