• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.23-36
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• 2014

This paper analyzes the effects of national culture on an individual's ethical decision-making in the context of the Internet. An ethical decision-making model which posits that five moral philosophy variables-justice, relativism, egoism, utilitarianism, and deontology-affect ethical judgment; ethical judgment, in turn, affects behavioral intention was proposed and Hofstede's five cultural dimensions of power distance, individualism, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance, and long-term orientation were used to analyze the effects of national culture on the model. The results showed that power distance, individualism, and masculinity had significant effects on the relationship between the deontology variable and ethical judgment, individualism, masculinity, and uncertainty avoidance had significant effects on the relationship between the justice variable and ethical judgment, and individualism and long-term orientation had significant effects on the relationship between ethical judgment and behavioral intention in the Internet context.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.83-94
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• 2015

The area of domestic urban design and architecture has established its original characteristics as various programs and functions were created in the drastically changing society. Such features have been presented in a certain type of patterns or unique formations, which demand a gradual development of designs in harmony with the functions and roles of the city and thus designers are forced to continue thinking deeply on this matter in their own perspectives. In particular, such demands are outstandingly high in reality in historical cities such as Andong, which this study works on. As the design contest winner is based on the geographical characteristics and locality, Confucianism and seonbi(Korean classical scholar) spirit, which are regarded as a philosophy of value, how the traditional concepts could be reflected in the plan was the focus of the discussion. The conclusions deduced from such a background include the following. First, it is necessary to make an approach on the basis of the concept in traditional architecture at the complex planning level based on the ideology in the implementation plan that requires traditionality for a complex design with contemporary functions. Second, it is important to approach this as an exploration of a solution to globalize Confucian culture in the future based on the cultural characteristics of the region and the environmental characteristics of the surroundings. Third, beginning from a concept that explains the complex to a concept that explains individual buildings, it is necessary to reflect characteristics in which the realization of a traditional space is planned in three dimensions.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.537-546
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• 2008

The purposes of the study was to identify customers' satisfaction factors regarding foods and services in food courts in big department stores and discount stores in Seoul and Cheonan. A survey of 235 customers was conducted regarding customer satisfaction levels and factors of food and services. Customers' perceived level of attributes were identified into eight underlying dimensions by factor analysis as follows: factor 1 was "cleanliness": factor 2 "service quality": factor 3 "accuracy": factor 4 "atomosphere": factor 5 "food quality": factor 6 "menu information": factor 7 "price" and the eighth factor was "food result". Regression analysis indicated that "cleanliness" was found to be the most important factor contributing to customers' overall satisfaction. There were significant differences in customers' perceived satisfaction level of "food quality"(p<0.01), "accuracy", and "price" factors(p<0.05) between department stores and discount store. The customers' perceived satisfaction levels of "accuracy", "food quality" and "price" factor at a large store food court are higher than those of department store food court. Comparing location of food court, there were significant differences in customers' perceived satisfaction level of "accuracy" and "price" factors between in Seoul and Cheonan(p<0.001). The customers' perceived satisfaction levels of "accuracy" and "price" at the discount store in Seoul are lower than those of food court at Cheonan. It is suggested that the management should pay attention to the sanitation of their dinning halls, kitchens, hygienic dishes, hygienic water fountain, employee hygiene, and a proper place to put used dishes to increase the customers' satisfaction.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.83-94
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• 2012

This study was designed to identify and develop the measurement items of symbolic image (personality) of most preferred Korean companies in adaptation of prior research of brand personality. From the common factor analysis, factors were extracted to five dimensions: Sincerity, Competence, Affection, Excitement, and Sophistication. In this survey, we collected data from the 558 respondents and performed a structural equation model using AMOS 16.0. The result of the confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the measurement model of Korean corporate symbolic image could be effectively used to envision the personality of Korean companies with similar context of brand personality research. Furthermore, this empirical study showed interesting results. One of unique Korean emotions, affection factor, was derived from this research as well and it is also proven that the Korean-corporate symbolic image could be used to measure the corporate personality and it should be continuously reinterpreted with deviation of socio-cultural changes rather than adhering to standardized paradigm.

• Lingua Humanitatis
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.7-42
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• 2002

This paper reexamines ideas about linguistic relativity in the light of new interest in the theoretical climate. The original idea is based on the incommensurability of the semantic structures of different languages. On this view, language, thought, culture are deeply interconnected, so that each language might be associated with it a distinctive world view. Throughout this work I utilize the historico-epistemological standpoint to dissect the conceptual structure of this principle. In the introduction I will of for a justification of choice of the theme. Section 1 will address some essential definition of the linguistic principle and insist on the necessity to elaborate a typological spectrum of relativism and universalism. In the second section some important landmarks of linguistic relativity were marked from Plato to Humboldt via Condillac and Herder. 1 will subdivide the relativity hypothesis into 3 theses which are interlated. In the final section the epistemological structure of the linguistic principle will be analysed in some detail by providing my exposition of Sapir-Whorf hypothesis. By way of conclusion I will present the works of Wierzbicka who demonstrated the lexicons of different languages suggest different conceptual universes. By rejecting analytical tools derived from the English language she proposed instead a natural semantic metalanguage based on lexical universals, which is made up of universal semantic primitives. In this paper we attempted to construct a general problematics of linguistic relativity, focolizing on the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis. We devided this very problematic question into its ontological and epistemological dimensions. In particular the ambivalance of Whorf's relativity is discussed in some detail. Also, an archeological survey of this subtle question on the relation between language, thinking and culture was provided. (from Aristotle to Humboldt, via Condillac and Nitzche). In conclusion this investigation underlines the necessity of preparing the cultural linguistics to enlarge the scope of contempory linguistics.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.12
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• pp.2022-2038
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• 2010

Our study was designed to provide some insights on positive country image and the mechanisms of influence that Asian fashion industries can draw upon for future benefit. We focused on a country image and fashion products with Asian ethnic influence. Asian traditional costume elements reflected in contemporary fashion products may be important representative tools for national cultural identity. This study qualitatively investigated how and to what extent country image and additional information influence the evaluation of fashion products influenced by Chinese, Japanese, and Korean traditional dress. We conducted four focus-group interviews (FGI) with 30 students from a fashion program at a university in the United States. We analyzed the evaluation of fashion products influenced by Chinese, Japanese, and Korean traditional dress, and their associations with country image. Our qualitative analysis offered more developed empirical evidence for the various paths through which country image affects the evaluation of fashion products influenced by the ethnic dress of Asians. The results of our study showed that the more direct the source of prior knowledge, the larger the influence on product evaluation. This study showed that certain cues in the evaluation of fashion products with Asian ethnic influence induce changes in the affective state (that stem from the psychological and social nature of fashion products) and illustrate the necessity of considering the affective processes involved in the appropriate use of the country image. In the fashion industry, extrinsic properties such as the country image significantly influence the attitude and purchasing decisions of consumers. The significance of this study lies in its verification of the relationship between the country image and additional information. Modular and situational-contextual influences are also revealed as important factors that deserve more attention, as well as considerations regarding the dimensions of the country image described in attitude theory.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.93-108
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• 2007

Background: School is a primary health education setting for children and the continuous support should be provided to renew school health education curriculum correspondent to socio-cultural changes in Korean society. Objectives: This study was conducted to identify the principals' and teachers' needs of health education topics for their students and to analyze their conceptual map for health education curriculum in Korean elementary school. Methods: The sample size of the first survey was 179 and that of the second survey was 691 of elementary school principals and teachers from stratified sampling over Korea. The self-administered mailing survey was conducted to o identify the factor structure of the health education topics and to analyze the conceptual properties with exploratory factor analysis and multidimensional scaling analysis in SPSS 12.0. Results: A total of 21 health education topics were collected from the first survey and 31 topics were, comprehensively, generated for the second survey. The five factors were determined: 'life health promotion behavior,' 'drug control and mental health,' 'bulling and aggression prevention,' 'safety perception and injury prevention,' and 'sex education and sexual harassment.' The educational need scores were the highest in 'safety perception and injury prevention.' The two-dimensional cooperates were generated for the 31 health education topics and the two dimensional properties which divided the conceptual space were 'health-safety' for one and 'public/environmental-individual/personal' for the other. Conclusions: Health education curriculum and textbook should be developed considering teachers' needs and conditions for health education in school fields. The field-based health education programs or textbook would make more possible problem-solving health education for children in real school fields.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.87-103
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• 2020

This study discusses the institutional change of Chinese early childhood education quality assurance institution (ECEQAI) from the three dimensions of the perspective of historical institutionalism of that refer to the external environment, dynamic mechanism containing with nation-market-society, and the invisible ideology of the institutional change. Chinese ECEQAI was divided into five historical periods, which were 17 years after the founding of China (1949-1966), the Great Cultural Revolution (GCR) period (1966-1976), the early stage of Reform and Opening-up (RO) (1976-1995), the social change period (1995-2010) and the new period (2010-now). This study also concludes five separate change models for Chinese ECEQAI that correspond to the five periods. The first was a compulsory and gradual institutional change model influenced by the Soviet model and dominated by national power. The second was compulsory and radical change model controlled by the counter-revolutionary group. The third was a compulsory and gradual institutional change model dominated by national power. The fourth was induced and gradual^① institutional change model driven by market power and forced by society power. The fifth was a compulsory and gradual institutional change model led by national power and forced by society power. Finally, the future change direction of China's ECEQAI was further pointed out, that was the government-leading and tend to balanced three-pole power model of "Nation-Market-Society", as well as the "three-pole power relationship" of indepth communication and positive interaction.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.14
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• pp.6141-6147
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• 2015

Background: Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. A large proportion of cancer deaths are preventable through early detection but there are a range of social, emotional, cultural and financial dimensions that hinder the effectiveness of cancer prevention and treatment efforts. Cancer stigma is one such barrier and is increasingly recognized as an important factor influencing health awareness and promotion, and hence, disease prevention and control. The impact and extent of stigma on the cancer early detection and care continuum is poorly understood in India. Objectives: To evaluate cancer awareness and stigma from multiple stakeholder perspectives in North India, including men and women from the general population, health care professionals and educators, and cancer survivors. Materials and Methods: A qualitative study was conducted with in-depth interviews (IDIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs) among 39 individuals over a period of 3 months in 2014. Three groups of participants were chosen purposively - 1) men and women who attended cancer screening camps held by the Indian Cancer Society, Delhi; 2) health care providers and 3) cancer survivors. Results: Most participants were unaware of what cancers are in general, their causes and ways of prevention. Attitudes of families towards cancer patients were observed to be positive and caring. Nevertheless, stigma and its impact emerged as a cross cutting theme across all groups. Cost of treatment, lack of awarenes and beliefs in alternate medicines were identified as some of the major barriers to seeking care. Conclusions: This study suggests a need for spreading awareness, knowledge about cancers and assessing associated impact among the people. Also Future research is recommended to help eradicate stigma from the society and reduce cancer-related stigma in the Indian context.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.167-175
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• 2016

Brand personality is the human-like traits of brands that consumers can use to identify brands. Despite the importance of brand personality, there has been limited research about it in Korea recently, especially for casual apparel brands. Considering the changes in lifestyle and the increasing popularity of leasure activities in Korea, it is important to analyze the brand personality of casual brands for understanding Korean consumers. This study aimed to analyze the brand personalities of eight well-known casual brands in Korea, and to investigate the relationship between the brand personalities and brand preference. Specifically, this study questioned whether the similarity in brand personalities leads to similar patterns of preference for the brands. The eight brands were carefully selected so that they can well represent the diversity in the dimensions of perceived brand personality, while also being well-known to the participants of the survey. Factor analysis of the data from the survey of Korean university students yielded five factors of brand personality: liveliness, high class, ordinariness, rationality, and reliability. The eight brands showed significant difference across the five factors. Multidimensional scaling analyses of the brands were conducted based on the similarity in brand personality and brand preference respectively. The result showed significant difference in the relative distribution of the eight brands in the two-dimensional space of the analyses.