• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.60-66
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• 1990

영남지역(嶺南地域)의 수종(數種) 토양통(土壤統)에서 경작여부(耕作與否)에 따른 토착(土着) 대두근류균(大豆根瘤菌)의 분포특성(分布特性)을 구명(究明)하였다. 이를 위하여, 토양통(土壤統)이 서로 다른 5개(個) 지점(地點)의 경작지(耕作地)와 미경작지(未耕作地) 토양(土壤)의 대두(大豆) 접종효과(接種效果)(Soil inoculum potential)와 토착근류균(土着根瘤菌)의 취락형태적(聚落形態的) 분포특성(分布特性)을 조사(調査)하였는데 그 결과(結果)는 다음과 같았다. 1. 영남지역(嶺南地域)에 분포(分布)한 토착(土着) 대두근류균(大豆根瘤菌)의 밀도(密度)는 경작지(耕作地)의 경우 $10^4Cells/g$. soil 이상(以上)이었으나 미경작지(未耕作地)에서는 경미(輕微)하였다. 2. 경작지(耕作地) 토양(土壤)의 대두(大豆) 접종효과(接種效果)(Soil inoculum potential)는 NifTAL의 우수근류근(優秀根瘤菌) 접종제(接種劑) TAL 보다 좋았고, 대두근류균(大豆根瘤菌)의 질소고정(窒素固定) 특성면(特性面)에서 근류(根瘤) 무게가 근류수(根瘤數)를 보상(報償)하였다. 3. 토착(土着) 대두근류균(大豆根瘤菌)의 취락형태별(聚落形態別) 분포(分布)는 경작여부(耕作與否)에 따라 상이(相異)하였는데, "Dry"형(形) 기경지(旣耕地)에서, "Wet"형(形)은 미경작지(未耕作地)에서 각각(各各) 우점경향(優占傾向)을 보였다. 4. 토착(土着) 대두근류균(大豆根瘤菌)의 취락형태별(聚落形態別) 공생효과(共生效果)는 "Dry"형(形)이 "Wet"형(形)보다 좋았다. 따라서 숙전(熟田)에서의 대두생육(大豆生育)은 "Dry"형(形) 토착(土着) 대두근류균(大豆根瘤菌)의 밀도(密度)에 크게 영향(影響)을 받을 것으로 판단(判斷)되었다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.418-422
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• 2004

We investigated microbial populations of an upland and cultivated Codonopsis lanceolata. The microbial populations from both types of soils were also investigated. There were more than 10 microorganisms existed in upland than cultivated one. The total viable cell counts of C. lanceolata from upland and cultivated one, especially in the upper zone, were 9.7x10$\^$6/ CFU/g and 4.2${\times}$10$\^$6/ CFU/g, respectively. As a results, upper parts of C. lanceolata in upland were considered to harbour approximately more than 2.3 fold higher microorganisms than in cultivated one. However, the total viable cell counts between the two soil habitat, that is, 1.2${\times}$10$\^$7/ CFU/g from upland and 1.0x10$\^$7/ CFU/g from cultivated, were not significantly different. We also examined the unique flavor producing microorganisms in the soil extract broth including 25% C. lanceolata extract. One microorganism was detected in upper pars of C. lanceolata and upland soil. No. 6, microorganism causing the characteristic flavor of C. lanceolata was continued as Actinomyces by microscopy.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.81-89
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• 1984

To examine the moisture adsorption and permeability characteristics, weathered granite soils of different degrees of weathering, cultivated upland soils and sands of Han-river were sampled. The results are as follows: 1. In case that the mother rock was same, the pF values under same moisture content decreased according as the grain size of soil became finer by the weathering process. 2. In case that the mother rock was different, the pF value varied by the behavior of clay minerals, and the cultivated upland soils showed more sensitive reaction than sands and fresh granite soils. 3. The pF value changed by the difference of primary moisture content and also influenced by soil structure, testing method and etc. 4. The pF value and compaction curve had close relation, however under same moisture content, the pF value decreased by the increment of density. 5. The permeability depend on the available void ratio between the soil particles according to the degree of weathering, and the pF value of available void water between the soil particles which related directly to permeability was about 3.3 except the void water holded in the soil particles. 6. As the above, the pF value and permeability were differentiated by degree of weathering, primary moisture content, density and etc. Therefore it is considered unreasonable to define uniformly by soil texture.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.179-183
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• 1987

고추, 마늘, 화훼, 배추및 양파등(等)의 연작지(連作地) 토양(土壤)을 공시(供試)하여 세균(細菌), 사상균(絲狀菌) 및 이들 미생물(微生物)의 분포비율등(分布比率等)을 조사(調査)하기 위하여 실내시험(室內試驗)한 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 고추및 마늘 연작지토양(連作地土壤)의 세균(細菌) 및 사상균수(絲狀菌數)는 일반답토양(一般畓土壤)에 비(比)하여 현저(顯著)히 적었다. 2. 연작지토양중(連作地土壤中) 세균(細菌)은 당류(糖類)를 산화(酸化)하여 생육(生育)하는 당류자화성세균(糖類自化性細菌)과 질산환원(窒酸還元)을 가진 세균수(細菌數)가 많았다. 3. 마늘과 토마토 연작지토양중(連作地土壤中)에는 당(糖)의 산화작용(酸化作用)에 의한 Alkali 생성균수(生成菌數)가 많았다. 4. 작물연작지토양(作物連作地土壤)의 근권(根圈)에서는 대체(大體)로 Pseudomonas, Xanthomonas, Bacillus, Achromobacter 속(屬)의 세균(細菌)이 그리고 사상균(絲狀菌)은 Penicillium속(屬)이 가장 많았으며, 다음은 Phoma, Humicola 및 Aspergillus속(屬)의 균주(菌株)였다. 5. 전공시토양(全供試土壤)에서 식물독소생성균(植物毒素生成菌)인 Stachybotris속(屬)의 사상균(絲狀菌)이 분리(分離)되었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.81-85
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• 1996

1. 밭 토양의 개별특성(個別特性)인 지형조건(地形條件)과 경사도(傾斜度), 유효토심(有效土深) 및 밭 토양의 집단특성(集團特性)인 규모(規模)(면적), 분포토양의 복합도(複合度)(soil complexity), 작도단위(作圖單位)(군(群))의 분산도(分散度)(mapping unit separation), 사업 예정지역의 장폭비(長幅比)(W/L ratio) 등을 연역적(演繹的)으로 계수화(係數化)하여, 적성등급(適性等級)의 일종으로 볼 수 있는 밭 토양 경지정리(耕地整理) 대상지역(對象地域) 선정기준(選定基準)을 제안하였다. 2. 본 기준을 표본지역(標本地域)인 화강암지대(花崗岩地帶) 전작지역(田作地域)과 퇴적암지대(堆積岩地帶) 답작지역(畓作地域)의 밭 토양에 적용하여 본 결과, 지역특성을 객관적으로 차등화(差等化)하므로서 상호비교가 용이하였다. 3. 밭 토양 경지정리(耕地整理) "매우 적합지(適合地)"는 하성평원지(河成平垣地) 전작지(田作地)이거나 밭 토양이 집단적으로 분포된 저구릉지(低丘陵地)로서 분포토양이 단순하고 작도단위당(作圖單位當) 면적도 넓은 지역이었다. 한편, "부적지(不適地)"는 좁고 긴 곡간(谷間)으로서 곡저부(谷底部)(valley bottom)가 논으로 되어있어 작도단위(作圖單位)가 분산(分散)된 지역이었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.17-21
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• 1974

우리나라 전토양(田土壤)의 유기물(有機物) 함량(含量)을 밝히고 토양(土壤)의 유기물(有機物) 함량(含量)과 주요형태적(主要形態的) 특성(特性)과의 관계(關係)를 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 전토양(田土壤)의 평균(平均) 유기물(有機物) 함량(含量)은 1.73%이며 대부분(大部分)이 0.6~2.5% 범위(範圍)에 있다. 2. 전토양(田土壤)의 토양아군별(土壤亞群別) 유기물(有機物) 함량(含量)을 보면 화산회(火山灰) 황갈색(黃褐色) 반숙토(半熟土)에서 13.0%, 부식(腐植) 황갈(黃褐) 반숙토(半熟土)에서 6.3%로서 많은 편(便)이며 퇴적(堆積) 황갈색(黃褐色) 미숙토(未熟土)는 1.0%로서 가장 적다. 그리고 미숙토(未熟土)의 평균(平均) 유기물(有機物) 함량(含量)은 1.1%에 반(反)하여 반숙토(半熟土)는 2.1% 및 1.8%로서 많다. 3. 토성별(土性別) 유기물(有機物) 함량(含量)을 보면 단면(斷面)의 토성(土性)이 사질(砂質)인 토양(土壤)의 평균(平均) 유기물(有機物) 함량(含量)은 1.0%, 사양질(砂壤質) 1.5% 식양질(埴壤質) 1.8%로서 이들 사이에는 점토(粘土)의 증가(增加)에 따라 유기물(有機物) 함량(含量)도 증가(增加)하지만 식양질(埴壤質)과 식질간(埴質間)에는 큰차(差)가 없다. 이와같은 경향(傾向)은 표토(表土)의 토성(土性)에서도 볼수 있었다. 4. 경사(傾斜)와 유기물(有機物) 함량(含量)의 관계(關係)에 있어서는 평탄지(平坦地)(1.3%)에 비(比)하여 경사지(傾斜地)(1.6%)에서 오히려 많은 경향(傾向)이며 특(特)히 15~30% 경사면(傾斜面)의 유기물함량(有機物含量)은 1.8%로 많았다. 5. 전토양(田土壤)의 적성등급(適性等級)에 따른 유기물(有機物) 함량(含量)은 1급지(級地)에서 1.3% 2급지(級地)에서 1.6% 3급지(級地)에서 1.7% 4급지(級地)에서 1.2%로서 급지(級地)와 유기물(有機物) 함량(含量)과는 관계(關係)가 없었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.506-509
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• 2014

This study was conducted to identify transition characteristics of mercury in several selected medicinal plants and to find the appropriate management for production of safety food. Cultivated soils and medicinal plants were collected at 29 sites for Angelica gigas (Korean angelica root), 68 sites for Platycodon grandiflorum (Balloon flower), 35 sites for codonopsis lanceolata (Deoduck), 36 sites for Dioscorea batatas (Chinese yam), 32 sites for Rehmannia glutinosa (Foxglove), 16 sites for Cnidium officinale makino (cnidium), and 26 sites for Astragalus membranaceus (milk vetch root) during the harvest season of 2013. Mercury in the soils and medicinal roots were analyzed with a Direct Mercury Analyzer. Average content of mercury in soils cultivated medicinal plants was $0.023mg\;kg^{-1}$ (range: from 0.003 to $0.074mg\;kg^{-1}$) and average content of mercury in medicinal plants was $0.003mg\;kg^{-1}$ (range: from 0.001 to $0.011mg\;kg^{-1}$), indicating that mercury in the surveyed soils and medicinal plants were not exceeded the Korean regulation.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.273-279
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• 2010

The study result survey platycodon cultivation regions of Jinju(2), Sacheon(4), Hapcheon(3), Haman(3), and Sancheong(3) of Gyongnam regarding chemical properties of soil, inorganic nitrogen phosphorus by type of composition is as follows: pH and EC value were highest where platycodon cultivated for under 3 years in soils. Content of O.M equal to or less than 25 mg $kg^{-1}$, the average value for platycodoncultivation in korea. Content of exchangeable calcium in soils were 12, 14 $cmol^+kg^{-1}$ in Hapcheon and Haman regions where platycodon was cultivated for two years which is 2~3 time higher level compared with the average upland soil of korea. Water solution boron confirmed approximated level of 3.0 mg $kg^{-1}$ in all survey regions, and the finding is about five times higher than average upland soil of korea which is 0.5 mg $kg^{-1}$. In the case of nitrogen, a significant difference was found depending on cultivation regions and continuous culture. Content of nitrogen in soils were difference according to cultivation area and continuous culture. The composition ratio according to the type of inorganic phosphorus showed the highest in order of Al-P > Ca-P > Fe-P > Saloid-P in all survey regions except for Hapcheon (five, seven years cultivated soils). The correlation showed high significance between available phosphate and inorganic phosphorus.

• 동굴
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• 제36권37호
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• pp.103-113
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• 1994

Slope soil formation and its attributes in southwestern Wisconsin are potentially important due to its origin, landscape position and karstic backgrounds (Oh, 1990). Since French explorers and missionaries reached in southwestern Wisconsin in the 1830's, the loess mantled karst upland surfaces, consisted of forests: timberland, oak openings, and prairie, had been cultivated. At present, nearly 90% of the ridge land is in farms. Karst soils are usually reddish clayey features (Oh and Day, 1989).(omitted)

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.113-119
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• 1975

Volcanic Ash Soils are widely distributed in Jeju island, and constitute the important upland soils which are either presently being cultivated or are suitable for reclaiming. The characteristics of Volcanic Ash Soils according to data made available by previous studies in Jeju and the outside of the country are as following: The most conspicuous mineralogical property is the presence of amorphous mineral colloids. The colloids have large and highly reactive surface to which the common physical and chemical properties are related. Soils are low in bulk density and higher both in porosity and permeability. Accumulation of humus in the upper part of soil is found in great quantity. Cation exchange capacity is high mainly due to high humus content, but the absorbing intensity of ammonium and potassium is weaker than that of crystalline clays. The phosphate absorption coefficient is extremely high and deficiency of minor element may occur both crops and animals. Soils are densely populated with actinomycetes and anaerobic bacteria. Nitrification and activity of urease are distinctly stronger than that of non-Volcanic Ash Soils.