• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.976-982
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• 2007

This study investigated whether supplemental Cu, Fe, Zn, and Mn are needed in a practical diet for pullets. Four hundred and twenty females of an egg-laying strain (1-d-old, Lohmann Brown Layer) were randomly distributed into 4 groups, consisting of 7 replicates of 15 birds each. During the 18-week experimental period, chicks were given three basal diets in sequence, each with single or multiple Mn, Zn and Cu supplementation to improve the mineral balance gradually. In the Control, no Mn, Zn, and Cu were added; in the single Mn supplemented group (sMn) Mn was added to 120, 60, and 60 mg/kg for 1-6, 7-12, and 13-18 weeks of age, respectively; in the multiple Mn and Zn supplemented group (mMnZn), Mn was added to 180, 90, and 90 mg/kg and Zn was added to 120, 105, and 105 mg/kg for 1-6, 7-12, and 13-18 weeks of age, respectively; in the multiple Mn, Zn, Cu supplemented group (mMnZnCu), Mn, Zn, and Cu were added to the same multiple of basal Fe concentration relative to NRC (1994) recommendations. Energy and protein metabolizability were determined by subtracting energy/protein intake by energy/protein excretion (from both feces and urine) and dividing by energy/protein intake. There were no statistically significant differences between groups in terms of feed intake, final body weight or tibia length throughout the experiment. Optimal growth performance was observed in the Control, while adding trace minerals to basal diets tended to result in decreased productive performance. Protein metabolizability was increased by mMnZn and mMnZnCu treatments, but energy metabolizability was not affected. Concentrations of Mn, Zn, Cu in excreta varied greatly related to dietary content, and the retentions of Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn were all increased due to the improvement of mineral balance. Based on these results, it is suggested that the concentrations of Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn in typical basal diets used in this study were adequate for normal growth for pullets from 1 to 18 weeks of age.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2016년도 제50회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.374.1-374.1
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• 2016

Copper and zinc are well known elements with antibacterial effect. So in this research, Cu and Zn (CZ) nanofibers (NFs) were fabricated by electrospinning method using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) for adjusting viscosity. The CZ/PVP precursor solutions were prepared with copper sulfate pentahydrate, and zinc acetate dihydrate. Distilled water was used for solvent and PVP was used to regulate the viscosity of precursor solution. The CZ/PVP NF composites were obtained by electrospinning method using the precursor solution. The average diameter of obtained CZ/PVP NFs was determined by optical microscopy using Motic image plus 2.0 program and was found to be 490 nm. The chemical environment of the obtained CZ/PVP NF composites was investigated with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). After heating the obtained CZ/PVP NF composites at 353 K, the solvent was removed. The characteristic C 1s, Cu 2p, and Zn 2p core level XPS peaks were observed. After calcination the CZ/PVP NF composites at 873 K in Ar environment for 5 hrs, PVP was decomposed at this temperature and CZ NF was obtained. This was confirmed by decreasing the intensity of C 1s.

• 토지주택연구
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.125-140
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• 2022

도로퇴적물(Road Deposited Sediments, RDS)은 도로, 도로 시설물, 자동차 마모와 배가스, 그리고 도로 외부에서의 유입에 의해 형성되어 도로에 축적되는 입자 물질이다. RDS는 유기물, 휘발성 고형물, 영양염류, 각종 금속류 등 다양한 오염물에 고농도로 오염되어 있고, 강우유출수와 함께 주변 수계로 유출되므로, 도시 지역 비점오염물질의 축적과 이동에 중요한 역할을 한다. 이에, 본 연구는 RDS의 중금속 농도를 문헌에 의해 검토하여, 관련 부하저감 대책수립에 도움이 되고자 하였다. 도시지역 RDS의 중금속 농도는 매우 편차가 컸다. Norway, Spain, Australia, UK, Jordan, Turkey, Iran, Angola, Canada, USA, China, Taiwan, Malaysia, Thailand 그리고 India의 도시 지역 RDS의 Cr, Ni, Cu, Fe, Zn, As, Cd, 그리고 Pb 농도는 각각 3.16-3,410, 1.15-1,382, 20.2-9,069, 2980-124,853, 81-2,550, 2.3-214, 0.19-21.3, 그리고 15.21-1,125mg/kg 이었다. 특히, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cd, 그리고 Pb의 농도가 높아, 인위적 요인에 의한 RDS의 중금속 오염이 확인되었다. RDS의 Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, 그리고 Pb 농도는 주거지역이나 공원 등에 비해, 교통지역이나 산업지역에서 높았으며, 입도가 감소함에 따라 중금속 농도가 높아졌다. 본 연구결과는 RDS에 의한 수계의 중금속 부하의 산정과, RDS 제어에 의한 비점오염 저감대책의 수립에 도움이 될 것으로 생각된다.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.167-179
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• 2017

서산 비경도 출수 상평통보를 대상으로 혐기성 수중 매장환경에서 형성되는 부식화합물 성분과 이에 따른 혐기성 부식 원인을 추정하였다. 미세조직 관찰, 원소 mapping, 층위별 주성분 분석, 부식화합물 동정을 실시하였다. 그 결과 표면의 고착물은 침상형 육면체형 팔면체형으로 분류되며, 그에 따른 분석 결과 Cu, Pb, S 등의 원소가 검출되었다. 원소 mapping에서는 최외곽에 Cu-S로 이루어진 뚜렷한 층이 확인되었다. 층위별 주성분은 Cu, S, Pb 등이 검출되었고, Zn은 검출되지 않았다. 부식화합물은 $PbCO_3$(고착물), $Cu_{1.96}S$(소지금속)이 나타났다. 따라서 서산 비경도 출수 상평통보의 혐기성 부식 특성은 탈아연, 황화동, 납화합물 세 가지로 요약할 수 있다.

• 공업화학
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.804-810
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• 1997

실리콘의 모노머로 사용되고 있는 MCS 합성촉매계에 관한 연구를 수행하였다. 기존 3원촉매계(Cu/Zn/Sn)에 조촉매 Cd를 추가시킨 4원촉매계(CuCl/$ZnCl_2$/Sn/Cd)는 원료 규소와 염화메틸로부터 MCS를 합성하는 촉매로서 성능이 3원촉매계 보다 우수하였다. 4원촉매계는 조성이 혼합촉매/규소=5/95, Zn/Cu=0.1, Sn/Cu=0.001, Cd/Cu=0.001가 되도록 구성하고, 슬러리상태에서 혼합한 후 활성화된 접촉물질을 제조하여 MCS 합성에 사용하였을 때, 규소소모율 92%에서 평균선택도 92%, 규소소모율 40%에서 반응속도는 175(g-MCS/hr.kg-Si)이었다.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.1-9
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• 1990

Since the reverse shape memory effect(RSME) was reported in a CuZnAl alloy, further study has been done on the mechanism of this phenomenon and reported that it occurs by the bainitic transformation. But the present authors revealed in the previous work that the RSME in a B2 CuZnAl alloy is not caused by the shear process involved in the bainitic transformation and also that the RSME takes place as the remaining ${\alpha}^{\prime}{_2}$ phase, which is two-step transformed strain induced martensite, is newly transformed into ${\alpha}$ phase. In order to provide further evidence in supporting the facts, thus, more detailed investigations have been carried out in a $DO_3$ CuZnAl alloy.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2006년도 6th International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.1093-1095
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• 2006

An orange-emitting phosphor for inorganic electroluminescent device has been studied. Cu and Cl were co-doped in Mn-doped ZnS for a high-performing phosphor. The effect of $Mn^{2+}-doping$ concentration as well as $Mg^{2+}-sensitizer$ addition on the luminescence characteristics has been investigated.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.63-70
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• 2006

Background: Testosterone is reported to have neuroprotective effect in various neurological diseases. Recently, the mechanism involved in nitric oxide (NO)-mediated motor neuron death is under extensive investigation. The Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) mutations has been implicated in selective motor neuron death of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and it is said to play an important role in NO-mediated motor neuron death. However, neuroprotective effect of testosterone on motor neuron exposed to NO has rarely been studied. Methods: Motor neuron-neuroblastoma hybrid cells expressing wild-type or mutant (G93A or A4V) SOD gene were treated with $200{\mu}M$ S-nitrosoglutathione. After 24 hr, cell viability was measured by MTT assay. To see the neuroprotective effect of testosterone, pretreatment with 1 nM testosterone was done 1 hr before S-nitroglutathione treatment. To study the mechanism of protective effect, $20{\mu}M$ flutamide (androgen receptor antagonist) was also pretreated with testosterone 1 hr before S-nitroglutathione treatment. Results: S-nitrosoglutathione showed significant neurotoxic effect in all three cell lines. Percentage of cell death was somewhat different in each cell line. 1 nM testosterone showed neuroprotective effect in G93A and wild-type cell line. In A4V cell line, testosterone did not showed neuroprotective effect. The neuroprotective effect of testosterone was reversed by $20{\mu}M$ flutamide. Conclusions: These results indicate that testosterone induces neuroprotection in NO-mediated motor neuron death directly through the androgen receptor. This neuroprotective effect of testosterone varies according to the types of SOD1 gene mutation. These data suggest that testosterone may be of therapeutic value against ALS.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제31권12호
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• pp.3723-3729
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• 2010

We investigated the high-excitation voltage cathodoluminescence (CL) performance of blue light-emitting (ZnS:Ag,Al,Cl) and green light-emitting (ZnS:Cu,Al) phosphors coated with metal oxides ($SiO_2$, $Al_2O_3$, and MgO). Hydrolysis of the metal oxide precursors tetraethoxysilane, aluminum isopropoxide, and magnesium nitrate, with subsequent heat annealing at $400^{\circ}C$, produced $SiO_2$ nanoparticles, an $Al_2O_3$ thin film, and MgO scale-type film, respectively, on the surface of the phosphors. Effects of the phosphor surface coatings on CL intensities and aging behavior of the phosphors were assessed using an accelerating voltage of 12 kV. The MgO thick film coverage exhibited less reduction in initial CL intensity and was most effective in improving aging degradation. Phosphors treated with a low concentration of magnesium nitrate maintained their initial CL intensities without aging degradation for 2000 s. In contrast, the $SiO_2$ and the $Al_2O_3$ coverages were ineffective in improving aging degradation.

• 환경생물
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.353-360
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• 2016

중금속 Cd, Cu 및 Zn이 해산로티퍼(Brachionus plicatilis)의 생존율 및 개체군 성장률에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 중금속 3종에 대한 독성평가를 수행하였다. 중금속에 24시간 노출하였을 때 Cd, Cu 및 Zn에 대한 생존율은 40.00, 0.13 및 $10.00mg\;L^{-1}$ 농도에서 급격한 감소가 시작되어 농도의존적으로 감소하였고, 중금속에 72시간 노출한 개체군 성장률도 Cd, Cu 및 Zn의 12.50, 0.06 및 $1.00mg\;L^{-1}$ 농도에서 급격한 감소가 시작되어, 중금속 3종에서 모두 농도의존적으로 감소하였다. Cd, Cu 및 Zn에 노출된 개체군 성장률의 $EC_{50}$ 값은 각각 21.41, 0.12 및 $6.15mg\;L^{-1}$이며, 독성의 세기는 Cu>Zn>Cd로 생존율과 개체군 성장률이 동일하였다. 또한 Cd, Cu 및 Zn에 대한 개체군 성장률의 LOEC는 각각 6.25, 0.03 및 $0.10mg\;L^{-1}$, NOEC는 각각 12.50, 0.06 및 $1.00mg\;L^{-1}$로 나타났다. 해양환경에서 개체군 성장률의 LOEC를 초과하는 농도가 B. plicatilis에게 독성영향을 미칠 수 있다고 판단되며, NOEC와 $EC_{50}$ 값은 혼합독성을 판단하기 위한 WET test와 해양생태계 내 생물에게 영향을 미치는 중금속 독성에 대한 가이드라인으로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.