• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.104-111
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• 2009

In this paper, optimization for frontal crashworthiness is carried out for the weight reduction design of an auto-body member with the advanced high strength steels(AHSS) such as 780TRIP and 780DP. The frontal crashworthiness is evaluated in order to optimize thicknesses for the front rail member of the ULSAB-AVC, Thicknesses of the front rail member with AHSS are optimized by comparison of crushing distance, absorbed energy and the deceleration for the auto-body with the response surface methodology. The results demonstrate that the crashworhiness of the front rail member with the optimum thicknesses of the AHSS is similar to analysis results obtained from the ULSAB-AVC project. The results also show that the weight reduction design is performed by substituting the AHSS for conventional structural steels such as 440E in the auto-body members.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.343-355
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• 2013

Shear failure and core concrete crushing at plastic hinge region are the two main failure modes of bridge piers, which can make repair impossible and cause the collapse of bridge. To avoid the two types of failure of pier, a composite pier was proposed, which was formed by embedding high strength concrete filled steel tubular (CFT) column in reinforced concrete (RC) pier. Through cyclic loading tests, the seismic performances of the composite pier were studied. The experimental results show that the CFT column embedded in composite pier can increase the flexural strength, displacement ductility and energy dissipation capacity, and decrease the residual displacement after undergoing large deformation. The analytical analysis is performed to simulate the hysteretic behavior of the composite pier subjected to cyclic loading, and the numerical results agree well with the experimental results. Using the analytical model and time-history analysis method, seismic responses of a continuous girder bridge using composite piers is investigated, and the results show that the bridge using composite piers can resist much stronger earthquake than the bridge using RC piers.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.461-481
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• 2016

The research described in this paper investigates the seismic behaviour of lightly reinforced concrete (RC) bearing sandwich panels, heavily conditioned by shear deformation. A numerical model has been prepared, within an open source finite element (FE) platform, to simulate the experimental response of this emerging structural system, whose squat-type geometry affects performance and failure mode. Calibration of this equivalent mechanical model, consisting of a group of regularly spaced vertical elements in combination with a layer of nonlinear springs, which represent the cyclic behaviour of concrete and steel, has been conducted by means of a series of pseudo-static cyclic tests performed on single full-scale prototypes with or without openings. Both cantilevered and fixed-end shear walls have been analyzed. After validation, this numerical procedure, including cyclic-related mechanisms, such as buckling and subsequent slippage of reinforcing re-bars, as well as concrete crushing at the base of the wall, has been used to assess the capacity of two- and three-dimensional low- to mid-rise box-type buildings and, hence, to estimate their strength reduction factors, on the basis of conventional pushover analyses.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.782-789
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• 2010

It is important to satisfy the requirements and standards for the protections of passengers in a car accident. There are lots of studies on the crushing energy absorption of a structure member in automobiles. In this paper, we have studied to investigate collapse characteristics and moisture absorption movements of CFRP( carbon fiber reinforced plastics) structure members when CFRP laminates are under the hygrothermal environment. In particular, the absorbed energy, mean collapse load and deformation mode were analyzed for CFRP members which absorbed most of the collision energy. Also, variation of stacking angle is important to increase the energy absorption capability. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the strength reduction and moisture absorption behavior of CFRP hat shaped member. Therefore we have made a impact collapse experiment to research into the difference of absorbed energy and deformation mode between moisture absorbed specimen and non-moisture absorbed. As a result, the effect of moisture absorption and impact loads of approximately 50% reduction in strength are shown.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.57-63
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• 2014

Bottom ash can be used as pelletizing seeds in unsintered artificial lightweight aggregates, so it can be called as 'cold-bonded aggregates'. In the present study, the mechanical and chemical characteristics of bottom ash aggregates cold-bonded with fly ash were investigated. The crushing strength and the water transfer characteristic of the aggregates, which may affect the strength gain of the concrete, were evaluated. Moreover, the degree of hydration and the hydration products of the aggregates were analyzed to verify the chemical stability of the aggregates. Compared to commercialized artificial lightweight aggregates manufactured by sintering process, cold-bonded fly/bottom ash aggregates had similar levels of water transfer characteristics, while having lower strengths. The calcium hydroxide in the aggregates was almost completely consumed after 28 days moist curing.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.739-756
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• 2015

This paper presents investigations on the hysteretic behavior of concrete-filled circular tubular (CFCT) T-joints subjected to axial cyclic loading at brace end. In the experimental study, four specimens are fabricated and tested. The chord members of the tested specimens are filled with concrete along their full length and the braces are hollow section. Failure modes and load-displacement hysteretic curves of all the specimens obtained from experimental tests are given and discussed. Some indicators, in terms of stiffness deterioration, strength deterioration, ductility and energy dissipation, are analyzed to assess the seismic performance of CFCT joints. Test results indicate that the failures are primarily caused by crack cutting through the chord wall, convex deformation on the chord surface near brace/chord intersection and crushing of the core concrete. Hysteretic curves of all the specimens are plump, and no obvious pinching phenomenon is found. The energy dissipation result shows that the inelastic deformation is the main energy dissipation mechanism. It is also found from experimental results that the CFCT joints show clear and steady stiffness deterioration with the increase of displacement after yielding. However, all the specimens do not perform significant strength deterioration before failure. The effect of joint geometric parameters ${\beta}$ and ${\gamma}$ of the four specimens on hysteretic performance is also discussed.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.125-130
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• 2010

최근 천연골재의 부족현상과 더불어 도심지의 재개발 재건축 사업 등이 진행됨에 따라 발생하는 막대한량의 폐콘크리트는 현재 당면하고 있는 심각한 문제라 할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 원콘크리트의 배합조건 및 골재특성이 콘크리트의 유동 및 강도특성에 미치는 영향을 평가할 목적으로 동일 배합조건의 공시체를 제작하여 6개월간 폭로시킨 후, 파쇄하여 순환 골재로 사용함으로서 원콘크리트에 적용된 콘크리트의 특성이 순환골재의 기초특성에 미치는 영향을 평가하고, 아울러 천연골재와의 혼합비율에 따른 품질개선 효과 등에 대하여 검토하였다. 검토결과, 순환골재를 단독으로 사용하는 방안보다는 양질의 천연골재와 함께 적정비율 혼합하고, 여기에 물-결합재비가 다소 큰 일반강도 범위의 콘크리트에 대상으로 활용하는 것이 유효하다는 결론을 얻었다.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.143-150
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• 2014

콘크리트의 압축파괴에 의한 취성적인 비틀림파괴와 사인장균열의 폭을 제한하기 위하여 콘크리트구조기준은 비틀림보강철근의 항복강도를 제한하고 있다. 2012년에 콘크리트구조기준에서는 비틀림보강철근의 항복강도를 400 MPa에서 500 MPa로 상향하였다. 그 이유는 500 MPa의 비틀림보강철근을 사용한 비틀림부재의 경우에도 전단파괴하는 부재와 유사하게 기준에서 요구하는 비틀림파괴모드, 사용성, 경제성을 만족시킬 수 있을 것으로 판단하였기 때문이다. 그러나 현재 고강도 비틀림보강철근을 사용한 비틀림부재에 대한 연구는 전단부재에 대한 연구에 비하여 부족한 실정이다. 이 연구에서는 340 MPa, 480 MPa, 667 MPa의 비틀림보강철근을 사용한 철근콘크리트 보의 비틀림거동을 실험적으로 평가하였다. 실험에 의하면 비틀림보강철근의 파괴모드는 비틀림보강철근의 항복강도와 콘크리트의 압축강도에 의하여 영향을 받았다. 비틀림보강철근의 항복강도가 400 MPa이하인 경우에는 콘크리트의 압축강도와 무관하게 한 곳 이상에서 비틀림보강철근이 항복강도에 도달하여 비틀림인장파괴하였지만, 항복강도가 480 MPa 이상인 경우에는 비틀림보강철근이 항복하지 않는 경우가 발생하여 이에 대한 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제33권12호
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• pp.35-44
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• 2017

노후화된 콘크리트 포장 및 건물 철거 시 많은 양의 폐콘크리트가 발생하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 폐콘크리트를 파쇄 처리하여 생산된 순환골재가 다시 인근 도로 현장의 노체 또는 노상 재료로 사용될 경우, 다짐으로 인한 파쇄정도와 입도 변화가 공학적 특성(투수계수 및 전단강도)에 미치는 영향에 대해 연구하였다. 현장에서 수거된 순환골재의 크기를 3 종류(31.5-45.0mm, 19.0-31.5mm, 9.5-19.0mm)로 나눈 다음, 이를 일정한 비율로 혼합한 총 7 종류의 시료를 대상으로 수정 B 및 D 다짐시험을 실시하였다. 다짐으로 파쇄된 순환골재에 대한 체분석을 실시하여 다짐 에너지와 골재 크기에 따른 파쇄 정도를 4 종류의 파쇄지수($B_{15}$, $C_c$, $B_{10}$, $B_r$)로 계산하였다. 다짐에너지에 따른 파쇄지수는 지수에 따라 D 다짐의 경우가 2.0-8.0배 정도 더 높은 파쇄성을 보였으며, 가장 큰 골재의 파쇄성이 가장 작은 골재에 비해 1.4-3.0배 정도 더 높았다. 한편, 5.6-9.5mm 사이 순환골재를 분쇄하여 파쇄지수 중 $B_{15}$에 따라 1, 3, 10, 20, 30, 50, 60, 70이 되도록 입도 조정한 시료에 대해 투수시험과 직접전단시험을 실시하였다. 파쇄지수($B_{15}$)가 증가함에 따라 투수계수는 계속 감소하였으며, 파쇄지수가 50일 경우 1/22까지 감소하였다. 한편, 순환골재의 마찰각은 파쇄지수가 1에서 50까지 증가함에 따라 $46.1^{\circ}$에서 $54.5^{\circ}$까지 증가하다가 60 이후는 다시 감소하는 경향을 보였다.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지진공학회 2000년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집 Proceedings of EESK Conference-Spring
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• pp.202-212
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• 2000

This study investigates the ductility capacity of slender-wide reinforced concrete walls under predominant flexural moment loading. The experimental work for this study aims to provide design guidelines for bar detailing in critical regions under compressive stress in particular in case of slender-wide RC walls. According to the experimental observation the Bernoulli hypothesis of linear strain distribution is no longer valid and the ultimate compressive strain of concrete is significantly reduced, It is postulated that the nonlinear strain distribution causes the concentrated compressive stressed region and hence the premature crushing failure at the toe of walls. The reduced ultimate strain and nonlinear strain distribution need transverse reinforcement for confinement and more realistic models for the strength and displacement estimation of slender-wide RC wall.