• 한국기계가공학회지
• /
• 제20권10호
• /
• pp.72-79
• /
• 2021

A circular saw is an effective tool for cutting glass and carbon-fiber hybrid composites. This study investigated tool wear and cut quality when reusing saw blades. The carbide saws wear four times faster than the new ones, and polycrystalline diamond (PCD) is very resistant to tool wear, except at the end of its lifespan. The cut cross-section quality is affected by the blade type, tool wear, and spindle speed. Alternate top bevel (ATB)-type blades are suitable for cutting fiber-reinforced plastics, but triple-chip grind (TCG)-type blades are unsuitable because they cause fiber-pullout defects. Tool wear and low spindle speeds increase the occurrence of arc scratches, due to the rear saw blade. A microscopic examination showed that the burr, which is a mixture of fiber chips and epoxy matrix, was bonded on top, and glass-fiber delamination occurred on the bottom glass-fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) surface.

• 소성∙가공
• /
• 제20권6호
• /
• pp.427-431
• /
• 2011

In general, hot stamped component is trimmed by costly and time consuming laser cutting when the material strength is over 1,500MPa. The aim of this work was to demonstrate that the trimming die life is improved and the trimming load is decreased by lowering the strength of the region to be trimmed. The model employed in this study was a hat shape, similar to the cross section of many hot stamped products. FE-analysis of hot stamping process was performed to evaluate the effect of tool shape on cooling rate at the area to be trimmed. The best tool shape was thus identified, which created slower cooling and lower hardness at the region to be trimmed. The wear at the cutting tool edge was also reduced.

• 한국세라믹학회지
• /
• 제40권10호
• /
• pp.931-935
• /
• 2003

A complex-shaped part was successfully fabricated by Laminate Object Manufacturing (LOM) technique using silicon nitride tape with aligned silicon nitride whisker seeds. The ceramic tape was cut using a commercial cutting plotter according to the cross section drafts generated by slicing a 3-D model, and then the tapes were stacked sequentially. In order to improve adhesion between the tapes, stacking was performed under vacuum. After binder burnout, the part was encapsulated using latex emulsion and was cold isostaically pressed under 250 ㎫. It was sintered to 98.5% TD at 2148 K for 4 h under 2 ㎫ nitrogen pressure.

• 지질공학
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.331-341
• /
• 2012

화강암류 암석은 일반적으로 절리 발달이 미약하고 단층파쇄대가 잘 발달하지 않는 등 공학적으로 양질의 암석에 해당된다. 그러나 산학지구 붕괴 비탈면을 구성하는 지반은 화강암류로 구성되었음에도 불구하고, 깊은 토사층을 가지며, 불연속면이나 단층 등의 지질구조는 거의 관찰되지 않고, 표층붕괴가 발생한 형태에 해당된다. 본 비탈면의 안정성 고찰을 위해 3가지 경우(현재 단면, 최초 설계 단면, 수정 설계 단면)에 대한 강우지속시간과 간극수압 변화, 안전율 등에 관한 해석을 수행하였다. 강우 지속시간이 길어질수록 지하수위는 높이 20 m까지 상승하는 것으로 나타났으며, 최초 설계단계 단면의 2일 지속강우 기간에는 안전율이 확보되는 것으로 확인되지만, 4일 강우지속기간 동안에는 허용안전율을 만족하지 못하는 것으로 확인되었다. 수정 설계 단면에서는 4일 강우지속기간에도 안전율이 확보되므로 산학 지구는 1:1.8 경사도로 절취하는 것이 영구적인 안정성을 확보하는 방안이라고 판단된다.

• 한국기계가공학회지
• /
• 제19권5호
• /
• pp.91-97
• /
• 2020

A split-die design for the cold forging of symmetric parts such as those having a hexagonal cross-section is presented in this paper. Parts with a hexagonal cross-section, such as bolt heads and nuts, should be forged with a die that has a hexagonal-shaped hole. A split type die is required to mitigate the buildup of stress concentrations located at the corners of the hexagonal hole. Generally, the insert of a hexagonal die is made by cutting each corner of a cylinder using a hexagonal hole and then combined with the die and shrink-fitted. However, split dies face problems when extruding material at the corners of the hexagonal split die. To address this problem, two types of split dies were evaluated: rounded hexagonal dies and angular hexagonal dies. The effects of the pre-stress ring on the dies were compared and analyzed and results show that using the angular split hexagonal die can extend the lifetime of forging dies.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제34권7호
• /
• pp.963-970
• /
• 2010

This study makes an estimate of the laser-assisted machining (LAM) of an economically viable process for manufacturing precision silicon nitride ceramic parts using a high-power diode laser (HPDL). The surface is locally heated by an intense laser source prior to material removal, and the resulting softening and damage of the workpiece surface simplify the machining of the ceramics. The most important advantage of LAM is its ability to produce much better workpiece surface quality compared to conventional machining. Also important are its larger material removal rates and longer tool life. The cutting force and surface temperature were measured on-line using a pyrometer and a dynamometer, respectively. Tool wear, chips and the surface of the workpiece were measured using optical microscopy, and the surface and fractured cross-section of $Si_3N_4$ were measured by SEM. During the LAM process, the cutting force and tool wear were reduced and oxidation of the machined surface was increased according to the increase in the laser power. Moreover, the more the feed rate increased, the more the cutting force and tool wear increased.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
• /
• 제5권3호
• /
• pp.5-10
• /
• 2006

This paper investigates cutting qualities after laser dicing and predicts the problems that can be generated by laser dicing. And through 3 point bending test, die strength is measured and the die strength after laser dicing is compared with the die strength after mechanical sawing. Laser dicing is chiefly considered as an alternative to overcome the defects of mechanical sawing such as chipping on the surface and crack on the back side. Laser micromachining is based on the thermal ablation and evaporation mechanism. As a result of laser dicing experiments, debris on the surface of wafer is observed. To eliminate the debris and protect the surface, an experiment is done using a water soluble coating material and ultrasonic. The consequence is that most of debris is removed. But there are some residues around the cutting line. Unlike mechanical sawing, chipping on the surface and crack on the back side is not observed. The cross section of cutting line by laser dicing is rough as compared with that by mechanical sawing. But micro crack can not be seen. Micro crack reduces die strength. To measure this, 3 point bending test is done. The die strength after laser dicing decreases to a half of the die strength after mechanical sawing. This means that die cracking during package assembly can occur.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정밀공학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.1085-1088
• /
• 2001

The process of styrofoam pattern that has been used for material of press die pattern depends chiefly on handwork. Laser manufacturing system developed to increase precision and efficiency of process that is also able to convert the design easily. Applying the RP(rapid prototyping) concept reversely, the unnecessary part of section is vapored away by heat source of laser beam after converting 3-D CAD model into cross-sectional shape information. Laser beam is line-scanned in plane specimens to measure the depth and width of cut, surface roughness, cross-sectional shape as converting laser power, scanning speed, cutting gas pressure. With these basic data, plane surface, inclined surface, hole, outer contour trimming process is experimented and optimum condition are obtained. In plane and inclined surface experiments, 15W laser power and 50mm/s scanning speed make superior processing property and 30W, 10mm/s make processing efficiency increase in trimming process. With these results, simple patterns were manufactured and the possibility of applying laser manufacturing system to styrofoam pattern was convinced.

• 한국도로학회논문집
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.21-32
• /
• 2011

포장의 동결깊이는 30년간의 기온자료를 분석하여 만든 동결지수를 근거로 하여 동상방지층의 두께를 결정한다. 본 연구에서의 현장계측 지역은 동결지수에 따라 동결지수 550~650$^{\circ}C{\cdot}$일, 450~550$^{\circ}C{\cdot}$일, 350~450$^{\circ}C{\cdot}$일로 구분하여 지역을 선정하였고, 각 지역별로 절토부, 절성경계부, 저성토부(2m 이하 성토부) 구간으로 단면을 구분하였다. 각 단면에 동상방지층 유 무를 구분하여 포장층별로 계측기(온도, 함수비)를 설치하고 데이터를 수집하였다. 현장 모니터링 시스템을 통하여 수집된 데이터 분석을 통하여 포장된 도로의 동결깊이를 결정하는데 이용할 수 있다. 연구 결과, 동상방지층이 없을 경우 동결지수 550~650$^{\circ}C{\cdot}$일 지역에서는 대기온도에 따라 겨울철 노상층의 온도가 $0^{\circ}C$ 이하로 나타났고, 동결지수 450~550$^{\circ}C{\cdot}$일 지역에서는 지역별로 상이했으며, 동결지수 350~450$^{\circ}C{\cdot}$일 지역에서는 동상방지층이 없어도 노상층의 온도가 $0^{\circ}C$ 이하로 나타나지 않았다. 또한, 포장 단면별로 동결깊이를 비교한 결과 대기온도에 따라 동결깊이는 절토부가 가장 높았으며, 절성경계부, 저성토부 순으로 단면별 차이가 나타났다.

• 한국생산제조학회지
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.94-101
• /
• 2014

Recently, in order to reduce the time required to replace an optical jumper cord, many researchers are using a field-installable connector and applying the ferrule polishing method, ferrule mechanical contact method, or ferrule fusion contact method. However, the process of arranging the length of the optical fiber, i.e., inserting the optical fiber into the ferrule by hand and checking its cross section, takes 60% of the time required for the entire process, which increases the overall cost. Therefore, in order to make this task more cost-effective, we will develop an automated inspection system with automatic cross-sectional arrangement of a field-installable connector. This system will be able to decrease the failure rate from 10% to 2% compared with the conventional method when cutting the optical fiber inserted into the ferrule. It will also improve the productivity by decreasing the test time by 28% compared with the conventional method. Our studies showed that it was possible to reduce the production costs and improve the quality of a field-installable connector, and we expect it to dominate the market.