• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.3950-3969
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• 2021

Radio Frequency (RF)-based indoor localization technologies play significant roles in various Internet of Things (IoT) services (e.g., location-based service). Most such technologies require that all the devices comply with a specified technology (e.g., WiFi, ZigBee, and Bluetooth). However, this requirement limits its application scenarios in today's IoT context where multiple devices complied with different standards coexist in a shared environment. To bridge the gap, in this paper, we propose a cross-technology localization approach, which is able to localize target nodes using a different type of devices. Specifically, the proposed framework reuses the existing WiFi infrastructure without introducing additional cost to localize Non-WiFi device (i.e., ZigBee). The key idea is to leverage the interference between devices that share the same operating frequency (e.g., 2.4GHz). Such interference exhibits unique patterns that depend on the target device's location, thus it can be leveraged for cross-technology localization. The proposed framework uses Principal Components Analysis (PCA) to extract salient features of the received WiFi signals, and leverages Dynamic Time Warping (DTW), Gradient Boosting Regression Tree (GBRT) to improve the robustness of our system. We conduct experiments in real scenario and investigate the impact of different factors. Experimental results show that the average localization accuracy of our prototype can reach 1.54m, which demonstrates a promising direction of building cross-technology technologies to fulfill the needs of modern IoT context.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fashion and Beauty
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• v.4 no.1 s.7
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• pp.42-50
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• 2006

This study used the questionnaire method to find out the golf factor comparison and purchase inclination according the golfers' demographic characteristics. The golf factor comparison according to the Gyeongnam golfers' demographic characteristics was performed with cross analysis and $X^2$ verification, the purchase inclination with T verification and analysis of variance. And the Golfs' factor relation according to total income was performed with cross analysis and $x^2-test$. The golfers' demographic characteristics showed a significant difference in gender, educational background and occupations. The participation purposes of playing golf for men were as a hobby, relations and business. And the participation purposes of playing golf for women were as a hobby and health. The higher age was, the more the golf career was for both men and women. In the factor of marital status, unmarried people play for a hobby and married people play for better relations and business. In the factor of gross income, male golfers varied in the gold career and monthly playing times. Female golfers varied in the golf career. Regardless of gender, the higher the income was, the more the golf career was. In the comparison of buy behavior according to the golfers' demographic characteristics, male golfers showed a significant difference in ostentation and fashion according to the monthly purchase of golf-wear. The group that spends more on the monthly purchase of golf wear was higher than the group that spends less on the monthly purchase of golf wear. Unmarried golfers showed more ostentation tendency that married golfers.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.33
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• pp.95-120
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• 2013

This study is about small theaters in Paris which produced the theater of the avant-garde(or theatre of the absurd) in the 50s. Paris was at the center of astonishing passion by small theaters in terms of spectacle. Small theaters actively embraced young actors/actresses, theater troupe and playwrights who created a new way to express their plays. They were mostly obscure but showed talent and genius. So playwrights came from abroad such as E. Ionesco, S. Beckett, A. Adamov and others were able to create a new type of comedy and experience theatrical realization. On the other hand, a great many drama creators such as R. Blin, N. Bataille, J.-M. Serreau, J. $No{\ddot{e}}l$ and others appeared. We focused on studying about life of small theaters in Paris as mentioned earlier. The space of representation were limited. They were mostly about ridiculing of dramaturgy of comedy and theatrical realization. The substandard situations and conditions of small theaters fell far short of advantages of spectacle. Some of the theaters - Babylone, Noctambules, Nouveau Lancry, Quartier-latin - have not been able to survive up to this day. Other Theaters - Huchette and Poche-Montparnasse - have been able to last by performing creative activities. The theaters of the avant-garde are historic places of Drama Art. It is quite astonishing that some of the monuments did not last any longer. These were the places where La Cantatrice chauve by Ionesco and En attendant Godot by Beckett were premiered. When will they be restored to their original state? Meanwhile, the theater of Huchette have performed the comedies of Ionesco for last 60 years without a break. It becomes the museum of theater of the absurd that is the cradle of modern play. In conclusion, a great many play creators like playwrights, directors and set designers saw the light of day because of small theaters when there were not enough support fund. Their passion and curiosity still make us look forward to emerging of new drama.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.23
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• pp.81-100
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• 2011

The term of world literature is now becoming an issue and lens through which we need to rethink the value of literature on a more universal dimension so as to imagine newly the location of the local or regional literature that has been alienated from the field of world literature. This kind of recognition leads us to consider the term world literature in relation to globalization and universality and to locate it on a problematical territory rather than to understand it in the traditional and Western way. Therefore the concept of world literature is now given to us as a task to resolve from our particular, or more precisely, peripheral context. The peripheral context could best operate as a possibility of reforming the West-centered order of world literature particularly in the way in which world literature obtains a more universal value. When we discuss world literature we need to consider the way of practice to re-highlight the possibility of periphery and pre-modernity without neglecting the 'light' of modernity and center. In this respect, the discourse of 'East Asia' may be useful for a transnational approach to world literature which focuses on the criticism of all kinds of centrism by foregrounding the concepts of othering and de-homogenization. For this I emphasize the attitude and methodology of 'post' which includes the power of othering and de-homogenization. The 'posty' theories such as post-colonialism, post-structuralism, post-nationalism and post-humanism allow us to indicate properly and acutely our aim by means of freer play of thought and at the same time more just definition and practice of our thought; that is, only by embracing both indication and play can we maintain the universal value of world literature. Here we can say that the global and local enterprise of ethics is the fundamental basis of world literature.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.181-185
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of types of drive-in initial steps in basketball on technical factors, to provide basic information for the enhancement of basketball skill. Method: Ten men (age: $24.70{\pm}2.26years$; height: $181.00{\pm}5.72cm$; weight: $75.70{\pm}8.23kg$; career length: $10.00{\pm}3.59years$), each with a career length of over five years and no history of injury to the lower extremities within the prior six months, participated in this study. They were asked to perform four types of drive-in movements at $35{\sim}60^{\circ}$, wearing their own shoes, after running from a start line 5 m away and catching a basketball passed by an expert passer. The drive-in movements were measured by eight infrared cameras (Oqus 300, Qualisys, Sweden). Collected raw data were used to calculate total initial step time, displacement, velocity, center of mass (COM) height, and COM velocity. Results: Total initial step displacement and velocity of cross drive-ins (JC, SC) were greater than that of direct drive-ins (JD, SD; p < .05). COM velocity of cross drive-ins (JC, SC) was also greater than that of direct drive-ins (JD, SD; p < .05). Conclusion: Our results indicated that cross drive-ins, regardless of stop step type, are more effective than direct drive-ins. This is because cross drive-ins are technically bold due to less influence from walking violations and double dribble rules in basketball. However, using one-sided movement is too difficult to play in competitive game; therefore, basketball players should develop the ability to choose appropriate movement frequency.

• BMB Reports
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.578-583
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• 2001

As a prototypic Thl vs Th2 cytokine, IFN-$\gamma$ and IL-4 activate distinct STAT proteins, STAT1 and STATE, respectively. In cytokine-producing Jurkat T cells, IL-4 is effectively rescued from cell death that is induced by dexamethasone, but IFN-$\gamma$ failed to do so. Since the Ras/MAPK pathway is known to play an important role in cytokine-induced cell survival, we investigated the mechanism of T cell survival through the analysis of functional cross-talk between Ras/MAPK and distinct STAT proteins that are activated by IL-4 and IFN-$\gamma$. Although IL-4 and IFN-$\gamma$ each induced the activation of STATE and STATI. in Jurkat T cells, respectively, only IL-4 was capable of inducing MAPK. Along with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, MEK/MAPK inhibitors also caused a significant suppression of the IL-4-induced STATE activity. This suggests a positive regulation of STATE by MAPK during IL-4 signal transduction. Furthermore, transfection studies with dominant active (da) vs dominant negative (dn) Ras revealed that daRas, but not dnRas, selectively up-regulated the expression and activity of STATE with a concomitant increase in MAPK activity. These results, therefore, suggest that there is a functional cross-talk between the Ras/MAPK and Jak/STAT6 pathways, which may have a role in the IL-4-induced T cell survival.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.126-131
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• 2017

This study investigated the incidence rate of umbilical hernia (UH) in pig farms and examined the effect of using them as breeding pigs on reproductive traits. The occurrence of UH ranged from 0.1% to 3.0% in pig farms investigated. UH pigs were found in almost all farms except for a single farm in Jeju Island. Spontaneously occurring UH pigs were selected and used for cross breeding tests. UH-related crosses and their progeny showed significant (P < 0.05) differences in gestation period, the numbers of piglets born and alive, and body weights at birth and $21^{st}$ day comparing to those of the control population. UH-related crosses showed longer gestation period, reduced numbers of piglets, and lighter body weights than those from the control population. Interestingly, reduced number of piglets was about one fourth, suggesting that UH inheritance might play a critical role as a lethal gene during embryogenesis. In addition, UH incidence rate in UH-related crosses was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that in the control except for UH-cross3. However, in the progeny of control cross, a pig also had UH appearance, indicating that porcine UH might be inherited in recessive inheritance mode. Taken together, the results of this study indicate that UH is one of recessively inherited genetic defect that occurs at ordinary times in pig farms, suggesting that the use of UH animals as sire and/or dam may lead to economic losses due to increased gestation period, reduced numbers of piglets born and alive, and lower growth rates after birth of pigs.

• The Southeast Asian review
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.77-115
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• 2017

This study examines how a Burmese migrant clinic in a Thai border town cares for migrant patients and activates cross-border health care mobility. Established in 1989, the clinic has developed its capacity and serves as a prominent healthcare institution across the border. Despite its illegality, Thai authorities recognize its importance and collaborate with the clinic. The study reveals that collaborations with various partners play important roles in the constitution of the clinic. Unlike existing literature on the health of migrants, which concerns structural constraints, the study emphasizes migrants' agency in creating their own health care institution through collective partnerships, shedding light on the cross-border health care mobility of underprivileged patients. The legitimate presence of the migrant clinic in the border town mediates and strengthens their transnational mobility across the border. Partnerships with various individuals and organizations have empowered the clinic to undertake a unique role in the border society.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.329-336
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• 2021

This study selected indicators that can represent the characteristics of general hospitals, including local medical centers and Red Cross hospitals, which are representative public health institutions, and analyzed clusters. And we present to benchmark in each cluster. According to the analysis, 276 general hospitals were classified into 13 clusters, and local medical centers and Red Cross hospitals were classified into clusters between 1 and 7 of the total 13 clusters because of their small size. Local medical centers and Red Cross hospitals, selected as excellent hospitals in each cluster, showed significant differences in management performance despite similar regional environment and medical performance, and among them, surgical consultation and internal medical care rates, inpatient and outpatient rates. In order for local medical centers and Red Cross hospitals to play their role as secondary acute hospitals in the region, inpatient care services and surgical functions must be activated.

• The Journal of Information Technology
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.25-37
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• 1998

The paper discusses several means for estimating appropriating discount rates to value non-traded assets. That Is, this study discusses the relationship between market equity beta and observable finance information. The relationship can in principle be used to determine betas for non-traded entity for which conventional market model or pure-play techniques are impractical. In addition, the paper shows on model researched by Patterson in 1993. Patterson's research investigates the cross-sectional relationship market beta and accounting beta in Canadian capital market.