• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.107-117
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• 1999

본 연구에서는 원격탐사를 이용하여 수질 파라미터들을 평가하는데 기존의 다중 회귀나 밴드비 회귀 분석을 이용한 통계적인 방법과 신경망을 이용한 방법을 비교하였다. 사용된 영상은 1996년 3월 18일 대청호 유역의 Landsat TM 영상이며, 30개의 현장 실측치가 위성이 통과하는 시간대에 샘플링되었다. 적용된 신경망은 3개의 층으로 구성된 전향 신경망이며 훈련방법으로는 역전파를 사용하였다. 본 연구에서는 가용한 훈련 데이터 셀이 작으므로 cross-validation 방법이 적용되었다. 비록 기존의 회귀분석에 의한 결과도 어느 정도 유의하게 나왔지만, 신경망에 의한 결과가 훨씬 성공적인 수행을 보여주었다. 신경망을 이용한 수질평가는 신경망이 자료의 비선형적 속성을 잘 반영해주기 때문에 기존의 통계적 기법보다 훨씬 나은 결과를 제공한다고 판단된다.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.131-141
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• 2021

The present study is following a series of research investigations on design resources coming from collected data referring to users' awareness and preferences. The aim of this research is to test the Healthcare Environmental Color Index as a basis for practitioners in the field of healthcare design. An array of color samples selected from previous research, have been presented to the respondents via an online survey, in order to identify the preferences of the two groups on the relation between environmental color and health. As a result of the first experiment and through the comparison of processed data, the maximum percentage of respondents from each group is validating the relation between environmental color and health. For the second experiment we intend to highlight the patterns of color preferences for each group, and thus to test the color samples healing function. The compared data also showed a higher awareness of Koreans than Romanians on the potential of color applied to healing environment. Last but not least in the third experiment we show the top five color samples preferred by each group. It is significant that the comparison of the results validated once more some of our previous findings related to the healthcare environment, such as: the general preference for the green hue (associated to fatigue relax according to color psychology) and the blue hue (sedation release effect) but also the yellow hue - associated to bright energy. Three out of the top five preferred color samples have been identical to both groups while the other two samples have shown characteristic variations. These results show that similarities are strong and can be used in a glocal design strategy as an accessible tool for any practitioner. Based on the Healthcare Environmental Color Index and users' preferences analysis, a new design culture for healthcare can be established and developed.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.83-97
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• 2021

The submerged U-shape breakwater interaction with the solitary wave is simulated by the Boussinesq equations using the finite-difference scheme. The wave reflection, transmission, and dissipation (RTD) coefficients are used to investigate the U-shape breakwater's performance for different crest width, Lc1, and indent breakwater height, du. The results show that the submerged breakwater performance for a set of U-shape breakwater with the same cross-section area is related to the length of submerged breakwater crest, Lc1, and the distance between the crests, Lc2 (or the height of du). The breakwater has the maximum performance when the crest length is larger, and at the same time, the distance between them increases. Changing the Lc1 and du of the U-shape breakwaters result in a significant change in the RTD coefficients. Comparison of the U-shape breakwater, having the best performance, with the averaged RTD values shows that the transmission coefficients, Kt, has a better performance of up to 4% in comparison to other breakwaters. Also, the reflection coefficients KR and the diffusion coefficients, Kd shows a better performance of about 30% and 55% on average, respectively. However, the model governing equations are non-dissipative. The non-energy conserving of the transmission and reflection coefficients due to wave and breakwater interaction results in dissipation type contribution. The U-shape breakwater with the best performance is compared with the rectangular breakwater with the same cross-section area to investigate the economic advantages of the U-shape breakwater. The transmission coefficients, Kt, of the U-shape breakwater shows a better performance of 5% higher than the rectangular one. The reflection coefficient, KR, is 60% lower for U-shape in comparison to rectangular one; however, the diffusion coefficients, Kd, of U-shape breakwater is 35% higher than the rectangular breakwater. Therefore, we could say that the U-shape breakwater has a better performance than the rectangular one.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.184-188
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• 2006

The purpose of the recovery experiment in clinical chemistry is performed to estimate proportional systematic error. We must know all measurements have some error margin in measuring analytical performance. Proportional systematic error is the type of error whose magnitude increases as the concentration of analyte increases. This error is often caused by a substance in the sample matrix that reacts with the sought for analyte and therefore competes with the analytical reagent. Recovery experiments, therefore, are used rather selectively and do not have a high priority when another analytical method is available for comparison purposes. They may still be useful to help understand the nature of any bias revealed in the comparison of kit experiments. Recovery should be expressed as a percentage because the experimental objective is to estimate proportional systematic error, which is a percentage type of error. Good recovery is 100.0%. The difference between 100 and the observed recovery(in percent) is the proportional systematic error. We calculated the amount of analyte added by multiplying the concentration of the analyte added solution by the dilution factor(mL standard)/(mL standard + mL specimen) and took the difference between the sample with addition and the sample with dilution. When making judgments on method performance, the observed that the errors should be compared to the defined allowable error. The average recovery needs to be converted to proportional error(100%/Recovery) and then compared to an analytical quality requirement expressed in percent. The results of recovery experiments were total protein(101.4%), albumin(97.4%), total bilirubin(104%), alkaline phosphatase(89.1%), aspartate aminotransferase(102.8), alanine aminotransferase(103.2), gamma glutamyl transpeptidase(97.6%), creatine kinase(105.4%), lactate dehydrogenase(95.9%), creatinine(103.1%), blood urea nitrogen(102.9%), uric acid(106.4%), total cholesterol(108.5), triglycerides(89.6%), glucose(93%), amylase(109.8), calcium(102.8), inorganic phosphorus(106.3%). We then compared the observed error to the amount of error allowable for the test. There were no items beyond the CLIA criterion for acceptable performance.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.58-63
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• 2022

본 연구는 저주파수 순음(264 Hz, 373 Hz, 528 Hz)을 이용하여 Within-/Cross-Channel Gap Detection Thresholds(WC/CC GDTs)를 통해서 피치인식 및 시간적 청각정보처리능력 특성을 알아보기 위해 실험연구를 실시하였다. 정상청력을 갖는 청년층 40명과 장년층 20명을 대상으로 WC/CC GDTs를 측정·비교분석하였다. WC GDTs 결과는 두 그룹 모두 평균적으로 2 ms ~ 4 ms를 갖으며, 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보이지 않았다. CC GDTs는 WC GDTs에 비해 두 그룹 모두 크게 증가하였으며, 특히 장년층의 결과가 청년층 결과에 비해 모두 8배 ~ 10배 증가하여 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보였다. CC GDTs는 선/후행음의 주파수의 차이가 커질수록 모두 증가하는 경향이 나타났으며, 청년층은 증가폭이 일정한 반면 장년층은 증가폭이 둔화되는 경향을 보였다. 또한, 이러한 자료는 기존 음악적 자극에 대한 GDT와는 다른 경향을 나타내었다. 연구 결과는 GDT가 피치인식 메커니즘에 영향을 미칠 수 있으며 청각 신경계의 비선형 반응에 대한 심리음향적 근거자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.39-48
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• 2010

RC교량의 내진성능은 교각에 충분한 연성도를 제공함으로써 확보할 수 있다. 이러한 연성도는 교각의 소성힌지 영역에 적절한 횡방향철근을 배근함으로써 실현할 수 있다. 횡방향철근에 의한 횡구속력은 유효구속력으로 결정되므로 단면형상과 횡방향철근량이 지배적인 요소가 된다. 동일한 횡방향철근량을 제공하더라도 설치간격, 배치형태, 갈고리 상세 등의 차이에 의해 유효구속력에 차이가 있게 된다. 후프띠철근에 의해 횡구속력을 발휘하는 원형단면과는 달리 사각 또는 중공사각단면에서는 유효구속력을 증가시키기 위해 보강띠철근이 함께 사용된다. 이러한 보강띠철근을 어떻게 고려하느냐에 따라 횡구속된 콘크리트의 응력-변형률 관계는 달라지게 된다. 본 연구에서는 실험을 통해 후프띠철근과 함께 보강띠철근을 갖는 정사각단면 콘크리트의 응력-변형률 관계를 파악하였으며 기존의 평가식과 비교를 통해 역학적 특성을 분석하였다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.288-296
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• 2013

본 연구의 목적은 수근관증후군 뇌졸중 환자에서 경직정도에 따른 정중신경 단면적, 신경전도속도 및 상지기능 차이를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구대상은 성인 뇌졸중 환자 42명에서 CTS군 21명과 Non-CTS군 21명으로 선정하였다. 측정방법으로는 정중신경 단면적, 신경전도속도, GST, FMAS, CTS-FSS로 측정하였다. 연구결과, CTS군과 Non-CTS군 간 각 등급에서 정상측(p<.001)과 마비측(p<.001)의 정중신경 단면적, 정중 운동신경과 감각신경 기시잠시는 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. CTS군과 Non-CTS군 간 각 등급에서 GST(p<.05), FMAS(p<.05), CTS-FSS(p<.001)는 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 본 연구는 수근관에 대한 병리역학적 내용을 제시함으로서 뇌졸중 환자의 상지기능훈련 시 고려해야할 내용 중 하나임을 제시하였다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.79-84
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• 1988

$\beta$-Glucan 분해효소의 간편하며 예민한 활성도 측정방법으로 $\beta$-glucan에 색소와 cross linking agent를 접합시키는 변형기질 제조시 영향을 미치는 조건을 조사하고 맥아와 세균의 $\beta$-glucan분해효소 측정에 적응시켜 활성도를 측정한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1.0g $\beta$-glucan은 0.1N NaOH용액에서 색소 cibacron blue 3 G-A 1.5g과 cross linking agent인 1,4-butanedioldiglycidyl ether 1.25 $m\ell$을 90분간 끓여서 색소 접합기질로 제조하였을 때 $\beta$-glucanase 활성도 측정에 최적조건이었다. 변형기질은 pH5.3 에서 안정성을 보였으며 Bacillus subtilis K-4-3에서 추출한 효소액에 변형기질을 반응시켰을 때 간편하고 정확한 효소활성 측정이 가능하였다. 또한 색소방법을 DNS방법과 비교한 결과 색소방법이 $\beta$-glucan 분해효소 측정에 적당한 방법이었음이 입증되었다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.216-223
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• 2017

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the mechanical properties of various nickel-titanium (NiTi) files with similar tapers and cross-sectional areas depending on whether they were surface-treated. Materials and Methods: Three NiTi file systems with a similar convex triangular cross-section and the same ISO #25 tip size were selected for this study: G6 (G6), ProTaper Universal (PTU), and Dia-PT (DPT). To test torsional resistance, 5 mm of the straightened file's tip was fixed between polycarbonate blocks (n = 15/group) and continuous clockwise rotation until fracture was conducted using a customized device. To evaluate cyclic fatigue resistance, files were rotated in an artificial curved canal until fracture in a dynamic mode (n = 15/group). The torsional data were analyzed using 1-way analysis of variance and the Tukey post-hoc comparison test, while the cyclic fatigue data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test at a significance level of 95%. Results: PTU showed significantly greater toughness, followed by DPT and G6 (p < 0.05). G6 showed the lowest resistance in ultimate torsional strength, while it showed a higher fracture angle than the other files (p < 0.05). In the cyclic fatigue test, DPT showed a significantly higher number of cycles to failure than PTU or G6 (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that the torsional resistance of NiTi files was affected by the cross-sectional area, while the cyclic fatigue resistance of NiTi files was influenced by the surface treatment.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제38권
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• pp.7-28
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• 2015

This article considers Chunhyanjeon written in Japanese by Jang Hyukju in 1938. His Chunhyangjeon was presented from among the collusion and crack of 'things Japanese' and 'things Chosun' discussed in Japanese literary world in the 1930's. This article analyzed the writing method and the meaning of the text. Jang Hyukju(張赫宙, 1905~1997) became known to Japanese literary world by the second grade nomination of the prize contest of the magazine Kaizo in 1932. Since then, he worked actively in the Japanese literary world by writing novels in Japanese and introducing the literature of Chosun. Thanks to his activity, the literature of Chosun drew attraction from the Japanese, which can be called 'boom'. Jang Hyukju was in the middle of this boom. So, his text presented the collusion and crack of empire and colony. We can make sure this issue from his play Chunhyangjeon. When he presented Chunhyangjeon, Jang Hyukju mentioned his purpose of writing. He intended to write modern play in new literary style. Chunhyangjeon was surely the material of things traditional Chosun, which was corresponded to the demand of Japanese literary world. Through the story of Chunhyangjeon, however, he formed the modern text style. He wrote in standard Japanese language, and described things from the perspective style which is often used in modern novel. And he renewed the character characteristically and arranged the structure of the play. His writing style showed clear distinction in the comparison to Chunhyangjeon written by You Chijin which was presented in Korean language 2 years earlier than Jang Hyukuju's. The text Chunhyangjeon written in Japanese by Jang Hyukju reflected specificity as a district of Japan. But on the other hand, a new literary method of modern realism was tried. Chunhyangjeon written by Jang Hyukju shows the cross penetration of empire and colony. And in his Japanese-language literature, the literature of Chosun is coexisting and playing variation.