• Women's Health Nursing
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.69-74
• /
• 2021

Structural validity, internal consistency, and cross-cultural validity/measurement invariance are psychometric properties of the internal structure of an instrument. In psychometric studies published in Korean nursing journals, structural validity has mainly been assessed using confirmatory factor analysis. Cross-cultural validity/measurement invariance has rarely been evaluated. It is recommended for Korean nursing researchers to evaluate the internal structure of instruments using a greater variety of methods, such as item response theory, Rasch analysis, multi-group confirmatory factor analysis, and differential item functioning.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.271-284
• /
• 2008

With an assumption that the view point of a given society and time on facial attractiveness can be inferred by analyzing popular stars' faces, the cross-cultural differences in the physical measures of Korean and foreign stars were investigated. A classification model of affective facial impressions was used to obtain the physical measures of the faces and classifying them into a face-type category. The number of face images analyzed in the study were 297 in total: 94 Korean stars, and 203 foreign stars. The results show that the common characteristics found in the cross-cultural analyses of Western and Eastern stars was a sharp face.

• Asia Marketing Journal
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.43-61
• /
• 2016

This paper has identified some theoretical reasons and empirical evidence for negative scores that occur in Japan and Korea or unstable NPS scores that can be experienced. A psychological analysis of NPS results sheds light on the validity of the negative NPS scores that are often found in Japan and Korea. Usually customer experience surveys utilize a "single stimulus" such as the "company" or the "company's products / services." However, in the case of the "recommendation to friend" question of the NPS system there are two stimuli namely the "company product/service" and the influence of "friends." Hence, the survey outcomes from this question can be very different when compared with other single stimulus questions such as "overall satisfaction" or "repurchase." Japanese and Korean people may have a positive attitude towards the company but they will provide low NPS scores because they are reflecting that they would not run the risk of ruining their relationships with their friends by making a recommendation. As a result, in the NPS system these people will be labeled as "detractors" when in fact they are "ambivalent customers." Using several Japanese and Korean based marketing research industry examples and case studies, different strategies are proposed to address the issue of negative scores in the NPS system in Japan and Korea. The Customers Psyche appears to be the key determinant factors for both types of behavioural items (items with a single stimulus as well as items with two stimuli).

• Cross-Cultural Studies
• /
• v.30
• /
• pp.245-258
• /
• 2013

This paper analyzes the current Chinese prepositions that represent space and time, which ultimately indicate the concept of Direction. having this in mind, the concept of time that the prepositional phrases 'qian+Tn' and 'Tn+qian' possess can be understood by analyzing the prepositions that 'qian' to make time expressions. also, this paper establishes a systemic framework that will help not only students but also professors to use the preposition 'qian' in order to make correct time expressions.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
• /
• v.24
• /
• pp.132-146
• /
• 2011

This paper is intended to describe the idiosyncratic aspects of the verb way construction in English, clarifying the productivity property of this construction and to elucidate the claim that this construction displays the properties of language-general, not a language-particular by comparing the behaviors from Dutch. And this paper will argue against the lexical approach and explain the drastic mismatches in syntax and semantics responsible for the constructional properties as one type of directional motion constructions by proposing a constructional analysis in HPSG.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
• /
• v.33
• /
• pp.495-514
• /
• 2013

This article covers a contrastive analysis on Korean and Chinese linguistic structures with aspect marker 'le了'. The results of this study are as follows:

• Cross-Cultural Studies
• /
• v.32
• /
• pp.167-179
• /
• 2013

This paper focuses on a sociologic approach, the theory of planned behavior (Ajzen 1991) and a sociolinguistic field, the language shift (Fishman 1991, Crystal 2000). It describes the theoretical background of language shift and briefly mentions the history of Hungarian language and Romanian language contacts. After presenting language use of the Hungarian minority students and explaining the theory of planned behavior, it turns to apply the theory of planned behavior to the language shift from the view of bilingual speaker(s). This paper wants to propose the application of the theory of planned behavior in language shift and open new perspective in bilingual research.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
• /
• v.27
• /
• pp.387-414
• /
• 2012

This paper is intended to describe the idiosyncratic aspects of the 'let alone' construction in English, clarifying the productivity property of this construction and to show that this construction displays the properties of prepositional phrase that denote the meaning of 'the comparison of degree', against the claim that this construction should be regarded as a coordinating conjunction. In the process of doing that, this paper classifies this 'let alone' construction into two types of construction, by investigating the external and internal syntactic distributions of 'let alone' constructions as well as the relationship between 'let alone' phrases and the main clause.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
• /
• v.30
• /
• pp.259-277
• /
• 2013

This article covers realization of tone in Modern Chinese by the leverage principle, and then explores its teaching strategies. The results of this study are as follows: The teaching strategies are as follows: Firstly, pronouncing Chinese vowels always takes far longer than you anticipate. Secondly, pronounce and practice Chinese vowels with leverage principle. Thirdly, understand and practice the sound change rule of '?'.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
• /
• v.38
• /
• pp.501-521
• /
• 2015

In this paper, through the comparative analysis of Korean syntactic structure of Chinese auxiliary "Aspect" and with this correspondence, find out the semantic differences between the two languages, and the "Aspect" of aspect are analyzed, and results obtained are as follows.