• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.553-564
• /
• 2013

The core ingredient of traditional Korean style soy sauce is soy bean without any wheat or rice incorporated. National brands as well as regional micro-brewed companies constitute the soy sauce market in Korea. The present study investigated the physico-chemical and sensory properties of soy sauces produced by small-scale or mass-production. Additionally, the key physico-chemical parameters sufficiently representing the critical sensory characteristics have been identified. Ten types of soy sauce brewed by the Korean traditional method were selected for the study. Among these samples, seven types were brewed in small-scales in the Gyeonggi-do region whereas the other 3 types were mass-production products of major national brands. The total solid, reducing sugar, salinity, sugar content, amino nitrogen, CIELAB, acidity, and pH of soy sauce samples were measured for the physico-chemical analysis. A generic descriptive analysis was conducted to analyze the sensory characteristics of the samples using six trained panelists. The descriptive panel developed 21 sensory attributes. The data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA, PCA and PLSR. Overall, the micro-brewed products showed significantly higher value of salinity and acidity but lower content of reducing sugar than the mass-production products. The micro-brewed soy sauces elicited stronger fermented flavor, sourness, and bitterness whereas the national brand products elicited stronger alcoholic odor, sweetness and umami taste. Sugar content, acidity, and amino nitrogen showed strong relationships with fish sauce flavor, umami taste, and rich flavor. Salinity was closely related to the overall flavor intensity.

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제33권3호
• /
• pp.513-524
• /
• 1993

mechanisms for the hypocholesterolemic effects of $\beta$-glucan remain unclear. Rats were divided into 3 groups ; normal control group, atherogenic group(oral administration of cholesterol 40 mg/kg/day plus vit. $D_2$ 320,000 IU/kg/day), $\beta$-glucan treatment group(atherogenic treatment plus $\beta$-glucan 0.135 g/kg/day). The $\beta$-glucan treatment group showed moderate increases of serum lipids concentration compared with atherogenic group. In histopathological examination, aortas showed no critical lesions. The total fecal neutral sterols and bile acids excreted for 6 days was increased compared with both normal and atherogenic group. To compare effects of soluble fiber and insoluble fiber extracted from barley on postprandial lipemia, 5 healthy male adults ingested on separate days a low-fiber(total dietary fiber 2.61g) control meal or dietary fiber-enriched(12.61g) meals. Fasting and postprandial blood samples were obtained for 6.5h and serum lipids were analyzed. The serum total lipids, total cholesterols, LDL & VLDL-cholesterol were markedly reduced with soluble fiber-enriched meals, but no decrease with insoluble fiber-enriched meals. These results suggest that mechanisms for the hypocholesterolemic effect of $\beta$-glucan on rats were due to the inhibition of cholesterol absorption in the intestinal lumen and acceleration of cholesterol catabolism in the liver. And the soluble dietary fiber($\beta$-glucan) has the hypocholesterolemic effect by dropping serum LDL & VLDL-cholesterol in the clinical study.

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제57권4호
• /
• pp.227-233
• /
• 2017

To reduce swine production costs, a slaughter check system has been developed in countries with an advanced swine industry. Evaluation of lung lesions in carcasses is a critical part of the slaughter check system. This study was performed to collect background information for use in developing a slaughter check system in Korea. Lung tissues and their gross images were collected from slaughterhouses in Gyeonggi-do, Korea. Scoring of the gross lung lesions was performed on the lung images. Histopathologic examination was conducted to classify the pulmonary lesions as bronchopneumonia or interstitial pneumonia. Scores of the gross lung lesions were significantly different between bronchopneumonia and interstitial pneumonia groups (p < 0.001). A 90% confidence interval of gross lung lesion scores was established for the bronchopneumonia group, and the lesion scoring had a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 77.3%. The gross lung lesion scoring test was subjected to a diagnostic distinction evaluation by examining the receiver operating characteristic curve and was appraised as having good discrimination for bronchopneumonia. Establishment of a gross lung lesion scoring test for the diagnosis of bronchopneumonia could be valuable as a screening test of macroscopic bronchopneumonia in swine slaughter check system.

• 한국농공학회논문집
• /
• 제56권6호
• /
• pp.55-62
• /
• 2014

Torrefaction is considered as a promising pre-treatment for thermochemical utilization of biomass. Torrefaction temperature and time are the critical operation parameters. In this study, investigated were the effects of reaction temperature and time on product composition of torrefaction. scanning electron microscope (SEM) images and thermo gravimetric analyzer (TGA) results were also compared for the effects of the operating parameters. SEM images showed that the pores were observed at the temperature of $250^{\circ}C$ for 30 minutes. Rapid decreases in weight were observed the temperature between 200 and$400^{\circ}C$. Higher heating value of the torrefied biomass was over 5,000 kcal/kg at the temperature of $250^{\circ}C$ for 45 minutes. Energy density, which is defined as the ratio of the energy yield over the mass yield was 1.36 at the temperature of $250^{\circ}C$ for 45 minutes. The energy density was higher up to 1.6 at the temperature of $280^{\circ}C$, which indicates greater loss in mass. The major components of the gas produced in the torrefaction were $CO_2$ and CO, with traces of methane. The total amount of gas was 31.54 l/kg and the calorific value of the gas was $1,164.4Kcal/Nm^3$ at the temperature of $250^{\circ}C$ for 30 minute reaction time. Based on the results of this study, the temperature of effective torrefaction is about $250^{\circ}C$ for 30 to 45 minutes of reaction time. Considering the heating value, it is desirable to utilize the gas for efficient process of torrefaction.

• 디자인학연구
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.37-48
• /
• 2002

급속한 사회의 변화와 소비자의 인식변화 속에서 기업경영에 중요한 요인들 중에서 기업 이미지전략은 기입의 생존차익에서 그 중요성이 증가하고 있다. 현재 우리나라 기업들은 기업실체광고와 기업공익광고를 병행해 가면서 기업이미지를 수정하거나 창출하려고 노력하고 있는데, 이는 기업이미지에 대한 시대적 필요성이라고 생각된다. 본 연구는 1990년부터 약 10년 동안 국내 기업에서 행한 기업광고 사례 중 인쇄매체를 중심으로 비교·분석하였다. 국내 기업에서 행하는 기업광고는 그 이론적 배경과 크리에티브 설정에 따라 여러 가지 컨셉으로 구분이 가능하다. 기업광고에 대한 기초적인 이론적 배경으로는 인지 심리적 모델과 연계적 학습모델로 구분하였고, 크리에이티브의 설정은 임의 차별성, 경쟁 우위성, 고유 독창성으로 구분하여 6가지 사례 영역으로 설정하여 분석하였다. 이 기준을 통해 6가지 사례 영역으로 구분하여 국내 기업광고 전략 중 대표적인 사례를 각 영역에 적용하여 이론적인 측면과 실무적인 면에서의 효과와 문제점을 비교·분석하여 향후 기업광고 전략 수립 시 참고자료로 제시하고자 했다.

• 보건행정학회지
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.412-421
• /
• 2019

Background: The purpose of this study was to identify the status of Successful Aging among the elderly aged 65 and over in rural areas and to compare factors related with Successful Aging between "kyung-ro-dang" users and non-users. Methods: A total of 181 elderly aged 65 or older were selected from four districts (Heung-upri, Mejiri, Sajerri, and Daeanri) of Wonju city. A survey method using face to face interviews was applied to collect information. Successful aging was measured on a 5-point Likert-type scale using the successful aging scale developed for the Korean elderly, which indicates the higher the score, the higher the level of successful aging. Descriptive statistics, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were computed; the level of significance was set at 5%. Hierarchical polynomial regression was applied to find out the factors associated with successful aging. Results: Of the total, 112 elders used kyung-ro-dang and 69 elders who did not use kyung-ro-dang. The level of successful aging of the elderly was higher among kyung-ro-dang users than non-users. The factors related to successful aging among kyung-ro-dang users were walking and social participation. Users who walk more than 4 times per week and social participation activities have a higher level of satisfaction. In the case of non-users, a higher level of monthly income, having a spouse, social support, and social participation associated with a higher level of successful aging. Conclusion: Monthly income, social participation, and social factors were found to be related to successful aging along with physical and mental health conditions among the elderly in rural areas. Therefore, it can be concluded that income, social as well as mental and physical factors, are more critical for successful aging in the rural community care in Korea.

• 보건행정학회지
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.309-328
• /
• 2011

In order to effectively attain the objectives of an organization, it is important for the leader to provide an environment where members can co-exist and mutually advance, and also to have an emotional impact on them. This study examines the structural relationship among emotional intelligence in leadership, organizational commitment, job satisfaction, turnover intention, and organizational performance effects of emotional leadership in the nursing profession of a general hospital. A structured questionnaire was sent to 550 nurses in 11 general hospitals in Seoul Metropolitan City, among which 350 responses were used in the analysis. The independent variable, emotional intelligence in leadership, was measured by 18 items, including self-awareness, self-regulation, social awareness and relationship management. The dependent variable, organizational effectiveness, consisted of 46 items, including 15 items regarding organizational commitment, 20 items on job satisfaction, 3 items on turnover intention and 8 items on organizational performance. The structural equation modeling technique was used to identify the impact of emotional intelligence in leadership on organizational effectiveness. The results of the analysis show that the emotional intelligence in leadership of superior nurses has a significant impact on the nurses'organizational commitment and job satisfaction. While the direct effect on turnover intention and organizational performance was not significantly high, organizational commitment and job satisfaction were parameters in low turnover intention and high job performance. In conclusion, emotional intelligence in leadership is critical as nursing services in hospitals are based on interpersonal relationships. Therefore, by developing appropriate programs and training, hospitals can anticipate improved self-awareness, self-regulation, social awareness and relationship management of nurses, and further improve the effectiveness of the nursing profession.

• STI Policy Review
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.94-118
• /
• 2013

Innovation plays a large role in green growth. While it is a widely accepted view that, without innovation, it would be very difficult and costly to address major environmental issues, innovation itself tends to be constrained by limited access to eco-financing and is inherently risky, often requiring a long-term horizon. Although global consensus is more or less established as to the urgency and necessity of accelerating green innovation, the quality and quantity of financing in this area is largely insufficient, with increasing funding gaps in many countries. A new financial mechanism is urgently needed in order to re-orient financial flow and enable innovators to overcome the valleys of death that occur throughout the innovation cycle. A number of different modalities exist in financing the commercialisation of eco-innovation. Existing mechanisms have not been as successful as expected, revealing critical limits to furthering certain types of projects that are essential for economic and environmental progress. Experts' estimations have shown that the funding gap will widen in the coming years as demand for clean energy and green infrastructure rises, and as green technologies and innovation develop faster than the market for it can develop. Against this backdrop, the main purpose of this research is threefold: to identify issues and problems regarding current means of funding for eco-innovation and green projects; to provide insight into securing longterm green financing by looking at European cases; and ultimately to suggest policy implications for designing and implementing eco-specific financial instruments, focusing on governments' roles in sustainable financing for eco-innovation. This study analyses different models of financing mechanisms, a mix of public and private funds, in view of suggesting conditions for the sustainable financing of green projects, especially for large-scale high-risk projects. Based on the findings from the analyses of mechanisms and the shortcomings of the existing funding modalities, this study ultimately suggests policy implications for effectively supporting the commercialisation of eco-innovation.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제13권12호
• /
• pp.1023-1032
• /
• 2004

Rapid progress in urbanization has resulted in a change of the micro climate, especially in the urban area. In order to investigate the phenomenon of the heat island in the residential micro climate, a field survey was carried out by 4 sets of the residential type in Jeonju under typical winter synoptic condition. As analytic methode, it is used the comparison on the relation of the Land-to-Coverage Rate to Heat Island and Oxygen Concentration. And as a key question it is asked how stable characteristics of the micro climate will result from the survey of the Heat Island and the Oxygen Concentration, used as indicator. To ensure the trustworthy result of research, it is calculated the critical influence of the wind velocity and the Land-to-Covearage Rate. As a result of comparative analysis, it could be confirmed that the local temperatures in all sets of the residential type were higher than the average temperature in Jeonju. But the housing type A 'exclusive use for housing zone' has relativly the most stable and best living condition. On the contrary the residential type B and D has the worst toward the oxygen concentration in the time zone 9-12 a.m., which didn't reach the minimum of the oxygen concentration $20.5{\%}.$ It means that the higer the development and population density is, the worse is the situation of the Quality of Life in the residential types in accordance with the heat island and oxygon con­centration.

• 대한공간정보학회지
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.171-180
• /
• 1993

도시하수와 관련된 비점원 오염에 대한 관심은 더 나은 수질계획을 위한 새로운 도구의 발전을 이끌어 왔다. 이 논문은 도시의 수질연구를 위해 지리정보체계가 어떻게 응용되는지를 보여준다. 지리정보체계는 비점원 오염 모형화를 위한 토지이용자료를 관리하기 위해 이용되고, 또한 여러 가지 형태의 지리적 집합체내에서 오염물질을 평가하는데 이용된다. 경험적인 수질모형은 토지이용에 근본을 둔 오염물질 축적을 평가하기 위해 이용된다. 토지이용범위는 최근 사진의 판독을 통해서 구범위를 갱신함으로써 결정된다. 이러한 토지이용범위는 각각의 토지이용 다각형에 대한 오염물질 축적을 기록하는데 이용된다. 도시하수 유역과 소하수 유역의 범위를 결정하기 위해 하수지도를 수치화 시키고 해석한다. 하수구 소유역층에서 오염물질 축적을 중첩시킴으로써 주요하수의 출구에 대한 오염 축적물이 계산된다. 축적 정보를 기본으로 과다 오염 축적물의 임계지역이 어디에 위치하고 있으며, 오염 축적물을 통제하기 위한 최선의 관리기법의 효율성이 평가된다.