• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.51-62
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• 2017

Purpose: This study aimed to understand the essence of experiences of patients and family members during flexible visiting in an intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: This is a qualitative study using interviews with open ended questions. We used Colaizzi's method of phenomenological interpretation. Results: Flexible visiting in the ICU impacted the patients and their families in various ways. The following categories were extracted from the patients' experiences with flexible visiting: 1) the opportunity to feel the presence of the family and 2) the burden of unrestricted visiting. The following categories were extracted from the families' experiences with flexible visiting: 1) psychological comfort by convenience 2) being aware of health care professionals and critical care nursing in the intensive care unit, and 3) double trouble. Conclusions: These results showed that flexible visiting in the ICU affected the patients and their families positively and negatively. Therefore, nursing staff need to design psychological and social interventions that address the needs of patients and their families.

• Journal of Platform Technology
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.18-23
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• 2021

초연결사회로 발전됨에 따라 정보통신의 역할이 크게 증대되고 통신재난이 발생할 경우 사회 인프라, 국가핵심기반의 서비스 중단 및 국민생활에 지대한 영향을 초래한다. 또한 정보통신분야는 산업구조가 고도화되면서 이에 대한 의존도가 급격히 증대하였기 때문에 재난으로부터 안전한 정보통신 환경 조성을 위해서는 체계적인 관리가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 체계적인 관리를 위해서 정보통신, 금융, 보건 및 의료 등 국가핵심기반 및 다양한 분야에서 중요한 역할을 수행하고 있는 정보통신인프라에 발생할 수 있는 재난의 유형 및 위험에 대하여 분석하였다. 정보통신인프라에 재난이 발생할 경우 국가핵심기반의 서비스 중단 및 국민생활에 지대한 영향을 초래할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한건축학회연합논문집
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2019

Construction automation can be an effective alternative for the lack of skilled labor and loss of productivity. With such a background, Korean government has provided a lot of financial supports for the development of construction automation technology. However, despite of those efforts, automation systems at construction sites have rarely been employed. This is because the systems have not been developed with full consideration of the needs and environments on construction sites. Thus, the purpose of this study is to identify the critical success factors for efficient development of construction automation systems. This study compares and analyzes key factors for automated construction system(ACS) and construction information system(CIS). As a result, 'stability and reliability' in the ACS showed the highest importance while 'manageability' in the CIS was. Consequently, for the successful introduction of the ACS, technical capability and stability should be firstly considered to cope with dynamic construction environment, while the CIS should be built to enable efficient management and use of information. The result of this study can serve as an evaluation base for the current construction automation technologies and an index for more efficient technology development in the future as well.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.29-37
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• 2024

Purpose: Numerous prior researchers have identified only that sustainable management of ESG factors promotes business value creation and shapes enhanced innovation performance. This study aims to determine the positive relationships between ESG management and economic development, focusing on the mutual benefits and risks and the various stakeholders involved in managing change. Research design, data and methodology: This study selected the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement as a key methodology. Literature search used the following databases: Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The quality assessment criteria for selected prior studies ranged from issues like design, sample size and the representativeness of the subjects, validity of measurements, and analytical strength. Results: The findings of this study indicates that there are four critical solutions for economic development triggers using ESG strategy, such as (1) ESG and Innovation-Driven Growth, (2) ESG and Human Capital Development, (3) ESG and Operational Efficiency, (4) ESG and Market Opportunities. This study insists that public-private partnerships are critical for enhancing sustainable economic development and meeting the needs of society. Conclusions: It is, therefore, important for governments and policymakers to play a critical role in setting the proper framework that allows for the uptake of ESG and an enabling environment for sustainable economic development.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.685-692
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• 2012

In this work, nucleate pool boiling heat transfer coefficients(HTCs) of 5 refrigerants of different vapor pressure are measured on horizontal Thermoexcel-E square surface of 9.53 mm length. Tested refrigerants are R32, R22, R134a, R152a and R245fa. HTCs are taken from 10 $kW/m^2$ to critical heat fluxes for all refrigerant at $7^{\circ}C$. Wall and fluid temperatures are measured directly by thermocouples located underneath the test surface and in the liquid pool. Test results show that critical heat fluxes(CHFs) of Thermoexcel-E enhanced surface are greatly improved as compared to that of a plain surface in all tested refrigerants. CHFs of all refrigerants on the Thermoexcel-E surface are increased up to 100% as compared to that of the plain surface. The improvement of Thermoexcel-E surface in CHF, however, is lower than that of the low fin surface. HTCs on Thermoexcel-E surface increase with heat flux. But after certain heat flux, HTCs began to decrease due to the difficulty in bubble removal caused by the inherent complex nature of this surface. Therefore, at heat fluxes close to the critical one, sudden decrease in HTCs needs to be considered in thermal design with Thermoexcel-E surface.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.98-115
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• 2012

New trend called ubiquitous leads the recent business by standardization and integration. It should be the main issue how to guarantee the integration and accountability on each business, especially in mission critical system which is mainly supported by M2M (Machine to Machine) control mechanism. This study is from the analysis of digital forensics case study that is from the M2M Sensing Control Mechanism problem of the "Imjin River" case in 2009, where a group of family is swept away to death by water due to M2M control error. The ubiquitous surroundings bring the changes in the field of criminal investigation to real time controls such as M2M systems. The needs of digital forensics on M2M control are increasing on every crime scene but we suffer from the lack of control metrics to get this done efficiently. The court asks for more accurately analyzed results accounting high quality product development design. Investigators in the crime scene need real-time analysis against the crime caused by poor quality of mission critical systems. It seems to be every need of Real-Time-Enterprise, so called ubiquitous society on the case. We try to find the efficiency and productivity in discovering non-functional design defects in M2M convergence products focusing on three metrics in study model with quick implementation. Digital forensics system in present status depends on know-how of each investigator and is hard to expect professional analysis on every field. This study set up a hypothesis "Co-working of professional investigators on each field will qualify Performance and Integrity" especially in mission critical system such as M2M and suggests "Online co-work analysis model" to efficiently detect and prevent mission critical errors in advance. At the conclusion, this study proved the statistical research that was surveyed by digital forensics specialists around M2M crime scene cases with quick implementation of dash board.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.155-161
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• 2021

Purpose: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has necessitated a redistribution of resources to meet hospitals' service needs. This study investigated the impact of COVID-19 on a regional trauma center in South Korea. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed cases of polytrauma at a single regional trauma center in South Korea between January 20 and September 30, 2020 (the COVID-19 period) and compared them to cases reported during the same time frame (January 20 to September 30) between 2016 and 2019 (the pre-COVID-19 period). The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality, and secondary outcomes included the number of daily admissions, hospital length of stay (LOS), and intensive care unit (ICU) LOS. Results: The mean number of daily admissions decreased by 15% during the COVID-19 period (4.0±2.0 vs. 4.7±2.2, p=0.010). There was no difference in mechanisms of injury between the two periods. For patients admitted during the COVID-19 period, the hospital LOS was significantly shorter (10 days [interquartile range (IQR) 4-19 days] vs. 16 days [IQR 8-28 days], p<0.001); however, no significant differences in ICU LOS and mortality were found. Conclusions: The observations at Regional Trauma Center, Pusan National University Hospital corroborate anecdotal reports that there has been a decline in the number of patients admitted to hospitals during the COVID-19 period. In addition, patients admitted during the COVID-19 pandemic had a significantly shorter hospital LOS than those admitted before the COVID-19 pandemic. These preliminary data warrant validation in larger, multi-center studies.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제10권12호
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• pp.151-158
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• 2019

본 연구는 치위생을 전공하는 학생들의 문제해결능력과 비판적사고 및 전공만족도 수준과 관련성을 파악하고 전공만족도에 문제해결능력과 비판적사고가 매개하여 미치는 영향을 파악하고자 시행하였다. 연구대상은 경상남북도에 위치한 치위생을 전공하는 259명을 대상으로 구조화된 설문지를 통해 자료를 수집하였다. 분석결과 연구대상자의 문제해결능력은 2.56점, 비판적사고는 2.58점이었고, 전공만족도 수준은 2.32점으로 나타났으며, 문제해결능력과 비판적사고 및 전공만족도는 서로 양의 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 문제해결능력의 하부요인 중 해결책수행과 해결방안모색은 전공만족도를 향상시킬 수 있는 유의한 요인이었으며 비판적 사고의 하부요인 중 지적공정성, 지적열정/호기심, 체계성이 전공만족도를 향상시킬 수 있는 유의한 요인으로 나타났다. 또한 비판적사고는 문제해결능력과 전공만족도를 유의하게 매개하였다(β=.2602, BCCI [.0908~.4529]). 본 연구결과를 통해 치위생 교육은 문제해결능력과 비판적 사고를 향상시켜 전공만족도를 높일 수 있는 교육환경 구축과 더불어 교육 프로그램 개발이 필요하며 추후 그 효과를 확인하는 연구가 지속되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.103-112
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• 1998

This research was carried out to provide the information for the reorganization of County Extension system. In order to develop the extension system, basically we must understand the various characteristics of the extension organization such as farmer`s needs, community environments and its releated organizations. In respose to localization, county extension organization will be changed by the consderation its unique characteristics.

• 한국전자거래학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.197-208
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• 1999

With developing computer and communication technologies, the concept of CALS system has been popular not only to military but also to commercial industries. The security problem is one of the most critical issues to construct CALS infrastructure. The CALS system needs some security functions such that data confidentiality, integrity, authenticity, availability, and non-repudiation. This paper proposes a security architecture model in CALS. The security architecture model is composed of 5 submodels such that network security model, authentication and key management model, operation and audit model, integrated database security model, and risk analysis model.