• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.343-366
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• 1988

Craniofacial complex is influenced by numerical skeletal elements. Though the analysis of growth change has been done by various analytical methods, it was dependent on any method of registration and superimposition, based on reference plane and reference point. However, the craniofacial growth is composed of a number of local growth elements. Therefore, it will be necessary to use a clinically useful method for estimating craniofacial skeletal growth independently. The author analysed longitudinal cephalometric roentgenogram of 15 Korean males and 15 Korean females aged from 6 to 12 years by the finite element method and results were as follows : 1. The finite element method for craniofacial skeletal complex and soft tissue made it possible to analyze the independent local growth. 2. Regression equations from the value of each strain will make it possible to predict the craniofacial growth. 3. The growth of anterior cranial base was different from that of other facial bone. 4. The growth of posterior cranial base influenced the growth of upper pharyngeal region, midfacial region, maxilla and posterior region of mandible. 5. The growth of maxillary complex was vertical rather than horizontal. 6. The growth direction of ramus, mandibular body, alveolar bone was various. 7. The relation between hard tissue and soft tissue by finite element method was variant.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.145-154
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• 1986

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the coordination and correlation of growth pattern between craniomaxillary complex and mandible, and among the craniofacial region, body-weight and stature. 14 boys and 16 girls between 6 and 12 years of age were used in this study. The result were as follows; 1. Total increments and maximum increment in mandible is higher than in oraniomaxillary complex during given period and no significant sexual difference existed. 2. The annual growth of craniofacial region did not assume an aspect of constant growth, periodically. 3. Craniofacial growth pattern was interrelated with stature more than with body-weight. 4. The growth behavior of body-weight and stature coincided with the growth of craniofacial region or preceded it in time.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.23-42
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• 1985

The morphology and growth changes of the Craniofacial Complex are important in orthodontics and cephalometrics for analysis and evaluation of facial bone growth are widely used. The author analyzed the data using lateral cephalometric roentgenogram of 75 Korean male and 50 Korean females age of 6 to 10 with normal occlusion to provide informations-relative rates of facial bone growth of Korean which is to be contributed in Korean standard. The results were as follows: 1. Means, standard deviation and coefficient of variation of Korean children were obtained. 2. The item which showed significent difference between male and female was craniofacial height in absolute dimension. 9. No difference of sex was showed in increment of craniofacial height and depth. 4. Among the craniofacial depth increments, the lower facial depth dimension increased most, midfacial depth dimension increased less, and cranial depth dimension increased the least. 5. The horizontal body of mandible showed rapid growing tendency more than did the ascending ramus.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.47-52
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• 2021

Background: Short stature is defined as a height below the 3rd percentile or more than two standard deviations below the mean for a given age, sex, and population. There have been inconsistent results regarding craniofacial morphology in short-statured children. This study aimed to analyze the differences between short-statured children with growth hormone deficiency, idiopathic short-statured children, and normal children. Methods: Thirty-one short-statured children with growth hormone deficiency, 32 idiopathic short-statured children, and 32 healthy children were enrolled in this study. The measurements of their craniofacial structures from lateral cephalograms were evaluated. Results: There were statistically significant differences among the three groups seven variables (anterior cranial base length, posterior cranial base length, total cranial base length, upper posterior facial height, posterior total facial height, mandibular ramus length, and overall mandibular length) in the linear measurement and five variables (saddle angle, gonial angle, mandibular plane angle, position of mandible, and maxilla versus mandible) in the angular measurement. Conclusion: Compared to the control group, many linear and angular measurements of the craniofacial structures were significantly different in the two short-statured groups (p <0.05). Treatment plans by orthodontists should include these craniofacial structure characteristics.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제59권3호
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• pp.242-246
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• 2016

Craniosynostosis is the premature fusion of calvarial sutures, resulting in deformed craniofacial appearance. Hence, for a long time, it has been considered an aesthetic disorder. Fused sutures restrict growth adjacent to the suture, but compensatory skull growth occurs to accommodate the growing brain. The primary goal for the management of this craniofacial deformity has been to release the constricted skull and reform the distorted shape of the skull vault. However, the intellectual and behavioral prognosis of affected children has also been taken into consideration since the beginning of the modern era of surgical management of craniosynostosis. A growing body of literature indicates that extensive surgery, such as the whole-vault cranioplasty approach, would result in better outcomes. In addition, the age at treatment is becoming a major concern for optimal outcome in terms of cosmetic results as well as neurodevelopment. This review will discuss major concerns regarding neurodevelopmental issues and related factors.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.227-238
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• 2010

저신장이란 같은 연령 및 성별 소아들의 표준 신장 평균치에서 -2.0 SD 이하인 경우를 말한다. 본 연구의 목적은 저신장 소아의 두개안면골격의 특성을 분석하고, 성장호르몬 치료가 신장을 성장시킴과 동시에 두개안면골격에 어떤 영향을 주는지 알아보고자 함이다. 영남대학교 의과대학 부속병원 소아청소년과에서 저신장으로 진단받은 소아를 대상으로 성장 호르몬 치료 전 그리고 치료 후 1년, 2년 후 총 3회 측모 두부 방사선 규격 사진의 촬영을 시행하였다. 대조군은 경북대학교 치의학전문대학원 교정과에 소장된 한국인 평균 신장의 2 표준오차 내의 아동들을 대상으로 측모 두부 방사선 규격사진을 2년마다 10년간 촬영한 자료를 이용하여 저신장 소아의 연령과 성별을 기준으로 짝진 표집(paired sampling)을 하였다. 성장 호르몬 치료 전 저신장 소아는 작고 후퇴된 하악골과 편평한 두개저를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 성장 호르몬 치료 후 anterior, posterior cranial base length, upper posterior facial height, lower anterior facial height, posterior total facial height, mandibular ramus length, mandibular corpus length와 overall mandibular length 성장량이 정상군에서의 2년 성장량과 비교했을 때 유의하게 큰 것으로 나타났으며 각도 계측에서는 saddle angle, mandibular plane angle과 ANB변화량이 정상군에서의 2년 성장량과 비교했을 때 큰 변화를 보이며 정상군의 평균치를 따라잡는 경향을 보였다. 성장 호르몬 치료는 불균형적인 성장의 징후 없이 정상화를 향한 성장(따라잡기 성장)을 나타내었으며 이는 특히 하악과두의 성장과 후안면고경의 성장을 촉진시켜 저신장 소아의 convex한 profile을 완화하는 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.165-183
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• 1987

The purpose of this study is to investigate the cephalo-facio-dental relationships in the craniofacial complex and their changes with age, and to use them for diagnostic and treatment purposes in the orthodontics The author studied on the changes of the cephalo-facio-dental relationships, using serial lateral cephalometric roentgenograms of 46 boys and 47 girls aged from 6 to 11 years of normal Korean children Following results were obtained 1 Means and Standard deviation of Korean children were obtained. 2 In the evaluation of the craniofacial vertical proportions, lower anterior face was larger than the upper, and upper posterior face was larger than the lower at all ages 3 The growth change was more prominent in the anterior craniofacial vertical proportion than in the posterior, and growth increment in the upper anterior facial height dimension was larger than m the lower anterior. 4 In the evaluation of the craniofacial horizontal proportion, ANS, Pog, Go and 6 were all situated posterior to their reference ares, and point B was always situated anterior to the arc passing by point A. 5. Anteroposterior growth change was the most prominent in the mandible, and there was no significant difference between the horizontal growth increment in the cranial base and that in the maxilla 6 Growth increment in the horizontal direction was larger in the mandibular apical base than in the maxillary apical base 7 The upper central incisor and the upper first molar were gradually anterior positioned against their reference ares with age increase 8 The length of mandibular corpus was larger than that of cranial base from the seven years old, and the difference was increased as the age increased 9 With age, there was slight difference in the angular relationships formed by craniofacial reference planes and axial inclinations of upper and lower permanent teeth.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.601-611
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• 1996

교정치료에 있어서 악안면 성장의 양상은 진단과 치료계획 수립에 있어서 매우 유용한 자료이며 교합의 달성 및 안모의 형태, 발육에 많은 영향을 미친다. 따라서 성장유형의 분류에 대한 많은 연구가 있었으며 성장예측을 위한 많은 시도가 있었다. 이에 본 연구에서는 성인 120명을 대상으로 치료전 측모두부계측 방사선사진을 이용하여 전안면고경에 대한 후안면고경의 비를 측정하여 $56\%-62\%$는 시계방향 성장군(36명), $65\%-80\%$는 반시계방향 성장군(43명)으로, 그리고 $62\%-65\%$는 정상군(41명)으로 분류하고 이에 따른 하악이부의 형태와 돌출정도 평가를 시행한 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 남녀 하악이부 형태비교에 있어서는 남자가 여자보다 이부의 높이와 돌출정도가 크게 나타났다. 2. 시계방향 성장군이 반시계방향 성장군에 비해 하악이부의 Height, H/D ratio, Actual length는 크게 나타났고, Depth, Angle, effective length, E/A ratio는 작은 값을 나타냈다. 3. 악안면 성장양상에 있어 이부의 돌출정도가 작을수록 시계방향성장 경향을 나타내며, 돌출정도가 클수록 반시계방향성장 경향을 나타냈다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.7-13
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• 1984

A roentgeno cephalometric comparative study was undertaken to reveal significant differences of craniofacial morphology and growth between unilateral cleft lip and palate and normal individuals. The material for this study consisted 32 subjects with repaired unilateral cleft lip and palate (27 male, 5 female) and 44 normal subjects (22 male, 22 female). The analysis was performed by Coben's method and the measurements were compared by Student's t-test. The following conclusions were obtained. 1. In the UCLP subjects there is definite decrease in midfacial growth, so they showed concave profile. 2. The ramus inclination angle and AR-GO of UCLP subjects are larger than normal subjects. 3. The craniofacial height of UCLP subjects is smaller than normal subjects, especially in midface. 4. The lower part of craniofacial height of UCLP subjects is larger than normal subjects.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.137-144
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• 1996

치과 교정학에서 두개안면골의 성장양상을 파악하는 것은 매우 중요한 부분이다. 본 연구에서는 한국인의 두개안면골의 성장양상에 영향을 가장 많이 주는 안면골 요인들을 조사하여 성장양상을 조기에 예측할 수 있는 방법을 제시하고, 각 요인들의 정상 기준치를 구함으로써, 치과 교정치료의 진단 및 치료계획의 수립, 치료진행과정의 평가, 치료결과의 분석 등에 유용한 정보를 제공하고자 한다.