• 한국압력기기공학회 논문집
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.26-35
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• 2022

When piping system in a nuclear power plant is subjected to a beyond design seismic condition, it is important to accurately determine possibility of crack initiation and, if initiation occurs, its location and time. From recent experimental works on elbow pipes, it was found that the crack initiation location and crack propagation direction of the SA403 WP316 stainless steel elbow pipe were affected by the pipe thickness. In this paper, the crack initiation location and crack propagation direction for SA403 WP316 stainless steel elbow pipes with different thickness were analyzed via elastic-plastic finite element analysis. Based on FE results, the effect of the pipe thickness on different crack initiation location and crack propagation direction was analyzed using ovality, stress and strain components. It was also confirmed that the presence of internal pressure had no effect on the crack initiation location and crack propagation direction.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.1588-1596
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• 2022

In the nuclear power plants, stainless steel is widely used for fabrication of various components such as piping and pipe fittings. These piping components are subjected to cyclic loading due to start up and shut down of the nuclear power plants. The application of cyclic loading may lead to initiation of crack at stress raiser locations such as nozzle to piping connection, crown of piping bends etc. of the piping system. Crack initiation can also take place from the flaws which have gone unnoticed during manufacturing. Therefore, prediction of crack initiation life would help in decision making with respect to plant operational life. The primary objective of the present study is to compile various analytical models to predict the crack initiation life of the pipes with notch. Here notch simulates the stress raisers in the piping system. As a part of the study, Coffin-Manson equations have been benchmarked to predict the crack initiation life of pipe with notch. Analytical models proposed by Zheng et al. [1], Singh et al. [2], Yang Dong et al. [25], Masayuki et al. [33] and Liu et al. [3] were compiled to predict the crack initiation life of SA312 Type 304LN stainless steel pipe with notch under fatigue loading. Tensile and low cycle fatigue properties were evaluated for the same lot of SA312 Type 304LN stainless steel as that of pipe test. The predicted crack initiation lives by different models were compared with the experimental results of three pipes under different frequencies and loading conditions. It was observed that the predicted crack initiation life is in very good agreement with experimental results with maximum difference of ±10.0%.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제27권7호
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• pp.1185-1192
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• 2003

Governing parameters for determination of the location of crack initiation and direction of crack initiation were investigated by performing fretting fatigue tests and analysis on Al 2024-T351. Fatigue tests were carried out using biaxial fatigue machine. It was shown that the dominant fatigue crack tended to initiate at the outer edge of one of the four bridge pads, growing at an angle beneath a pad, before turning perpendicular to the orientation of the axial load. Distribution of stresses generated during fretting fatigue loading along the interface was calculated by elastic FE simulation. It can be known that the location of crack initiation can be predicted by using the maximum tangential stress range. Futhermore, the crack initiation direction can also be predicted by a maximum tangential stress range.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.417-424
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• 2007

With regard to corrosion fatigue crack initiation life (Nc), it has been treated ambiguously for the member which doesn't have stress concentration area. In this research, in order to clarify the corrosion fatigue crack initiation life (Nc), corrosion fatigue tests were carried out. Reasonable and universal corrosion fatigue crack initiation life (Nc) was defined and corrosion fatigue crack initiation/propagation model was suggested also. As the fatigue crack which emanates from the pit is usually small, accordingly it is treated as a small crack. In addition, the observation of the corrosion fatigue fracture surfaces using SEM was conducted. And the fracture mechanics analysis using an intrinsic crack model was conducted for the treatment of the small crack. Finally, the followings were obtained. When there is no clear stress concentration point which seems to fall into a corrosion fatigue crack initiation life, the significance of the definition and suggestion of the moment of the reasonable and universal corrosion fatigue crack initiation life (Nc), at which the fatigue crack propagation rate becomes faster than the corrosion pit growth rate so that the fatigue crack initiates from the pit and propagates in earnest, has been clarified.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.575-581
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• 2003

It has been well known that the ductile cracking of steel would be accelerated by triaxial stress state. Recently, the characteristics of critical crack initiation of steels are quantitatively estimated using the two-parameters, that is, equivalent plastic strain and stress triaxiality, criterion. This study is paid to the fundamental clarification of the effect of geometrical heterogeneity and strength mismatching, which can elevate plastic constraint due to heterogeneous plastic straining, and loading rate on ductile crack initiation behavior. Also, the ductile crack initiation testing were conducted under static and dynamic loading using round bar specimens with circumferential notch and strength mis-matching. The result showed that the nominal strain at ductile crack initiation of circumferential notch specimens small then the round bar specimens for effect of geometrical discontinuity. Also, the nominal strain at ductile crack initiation was decreased with decrease of notch root radius of curvature.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.409-412
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• 2003

Fatigue strength. especially crack initiation behavior of high strength steel under marine water environment was investigated. Marine structures were usually constructed by lot of weld joints and were designed by basis of the fatigue strength of weld joints. This study was carried out to mini. The fatigue initiation behavior is more important rather than crack propagation behavior under the design of marine structures, because it is very difficult to find out the crack propagation phenomena and repair the damaged part of welded joints in sea water Then, the new configuration specimen for fatigue crack initiation tests was proposed. Using this new specimen, it is easy to carry out the crack initiation tests with relatively low cycling loading and clearly find out a crack initiation fatigue life.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.141-144
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• 1984

본 연구에서는 완전 역 피로응력(completely reversed fatgue stress)를 받는 타원 노치에서 균열 발생과 전파에 대한 이론 임계 피로 한도를 응력 세기 계수 개념 을 도입하여 임의의 재질과 임으의 타원 노치 형상에 대해서 적용할 수 있도록 유도하 며 그 결과는 기존 이론보다 Frost의 실험치에 더 잘 일치함을 보이고자 한다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.791-798
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• 2004

Fatigue crack initiation lives of round cylindrical notch specimen were investigated. Firstly, local strain approximation methods, such as the modified incremental Neuber's rule and the modified incremental Glinka's equivalent strain energy density(ESED) rule, were used to get multiaxial stress and strain state components at the notch tip. Based on the history of local stress and strain, multiaxial fatigue models were used to obtain fatigue crack initiation lives. Because the solution of Neuber's rule and Glinka's ESED rule make the upper and lower bound of local strain approximations, fatigue crack initiation lives are expected to place between life predictions by two local strain approximations. Experimental data were compared with the fatigue crack initiation life prediction results.

• International Journal of Korean Welding Society
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.51-56
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• 2003

It is important to evaluate the fracture initiation behaviors of steel structure. It has been well known that the ductile cracking of steel would be accelerated by triaxial stress state. Recently, the characteristics of critical crack initiation of steels are quantitatively estimated using the two-parameters, that is, equivalent plastic strain and stress triaxiality, criterion. This study is paid to the fundamental clarification of the effect of notch radius, which can elevate plastic constraint due to heterogeneous plastic straining on critical condition to initiate ductile crack using two-parameters. Hense, the crack initiation testing were conducted under static loading using round bar specimens with circumferential notch. To evaluate the stress/strain state in the specimens was used thermal elastic-plastic FE-analysis. The result showed that equivalent plastic strain to initiate ductile crack expressed as a function of stress triaxiality obtained from the homogeneous specimens with circumferential notched under static loading. And it was evaluated that by using this two-parameters criterion, the critical crack initiation of homogeneous specimens under static loading.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 2001년도 제34회 추계학술대회 개최
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• pp.172-178
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• 2001

Using dislocation pileup theory, the near surface crack initiation life was calculated. The crack initiation life calculted in the previous study is not a real life strictly and just for the cracking in substrate. In this study, two life equations which can be applied for each near-surface and substrate were used for a comparative study. The downward tendency of life at near surface and substrate was similar and the crack initiation life at near-surface was much shorter than the life in substrate. The improvement of the crack initiation life equations which were proposed by W. Cheng was discussed.