• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate geochemical characteristics of surface sediments in the Keum river estuary adjacent to coastal area. For this study we collected the 21 surface sediments samples. Mean size of surface samples was $3.24{\sim}6.65{\phi}$ on inner estuary and was $2.15{\sim}3.42{\phi}$ on outside estuary. Surface samples were composed of silt on inner estuary and were composed of sand which was more larger than $4{\phi}$ on outside estuary. Most major elements except CaO, $Na_2O$ showed good relationships between variation of contents and grain size. Contents of $Al_2O_3$, $Fe_2O_3$, MgO, $K_2O$, $TiO_2$, $P_2O_5$ and $M_nO$ were increased predominately owing to the variation of mean size of surface samples. Contents of Co, Cr, Cu, Li, Sr, Zn, La, Ce, Pb, Rb, Nd have a good relationships with grain size but Ba, Th, Sm have not. All of major and minor elements contents except $K_2O$ and Ba were less than world mean contents of shallow surface sediments but apprehend a high pollution possibility on silt sediments in the estuaries.

• 천문학회보
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.27.1-27.1
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• 2011

We obtained the spectra of 93 Planet host stars and 73 normal field stars in F, G, K type using BOES at BOAO. We measured the equivalent width of Fe and 25 elements lines using the automatic EW measurement program, TAME(Tools for Automatic Measurement of Equivalent-widths) and estimated the elemental abundances by synth and abfind driver of MOOG code. Since the absence of planets in the normal field stars cannot be "completely" proved, this work focused on the chemical abundances and planet properties of planet host stars, which have the massive planets close to the parent star relatively. We carried out an investigation for the difference of abundances between stars with "Hot Jupiter" and normal field stars with no known planets. We examined the chemical composition of 25 elements, such as C, N, O, S, Na, Mg, Al, Si, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Sr, Y, Zr, Ba, Ce, Nd, and Eu by EW measurements, and the S abundances were estimated using synthetic spectrum. We have found that [Mg/Fe] and [Al/Fe] for planet host stars have lower limit comparing with those of comparison stars, and [Ca/Fe] of host star with Neptunian planets is relatively lower than the other host stars with massive planets. We have performed the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, and examined the ratio of planet host stars to all stars for each bin of [X/H]. As a result, we noted that the O, Si, and Ca abfor undances are strongly related with the presence of planets.

• 암석학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.71-84
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• 1992

이 연구는 서 태평양의 서부 캐롤라인 해령과 얍 해구-호상열도계에서 준설된 대표적인 13개 해저 현무암류의 암석기재 및 광물화학적 특징을 보고하고, 단사휘석 반정의 화학성분을 이용하여 암석의 화학적 특징 및 지구조 환경을 추론하는 기초 자료를 제공한다. 감람석 반정은 분석된 시료에 따라 약간의 차이는 있지만 F $o_{86-80}$거 성분을 가지며, 사장석 반정은 전체적으로 A $n_{90-55}$의 바이토나이트-라브라도라이트에 해당한다. 단사휘석 반정은 아톨-기요 시료에서 티탄살라이트, 트라프-뱅크 시료에서 투휘석-보통휘석, 해구-호상열도 시료에서 엔다이옵사이드에 해당되어 산출 지역에 따라 각기 성분이 다름을 보인다. 이들 단사휘석의 성분으로 부터 암석의 화학적 특징 및 지구조 환경을 유추하면 (Leterrier et al., 1982): (1) 서부 캐롤라인 해령의 아톨-기요 시료는 판내부 환경의 알칼리암의 특징을 가져, 이는 열점과 관련되어 형성된 동부 캐롤라인 해령의 연장에 해당함을 의미하고, (2) 현재 화성활동이 없는 얍 해구-호상열도 시료는 전형적인 조산대 솔리아이트에 속하여 고기의 호상열도의 형성과 관련된 마그마 활동이 있었음을 나타낸다. 그러나, (3) 트라프-뱅크 시료는 단사휘석의 성분을 이용한 지구조 분류도에서 서로 중첩되어 정확히 구분하기 어려운데, 이는 이들의 성인이 복잡함을 시사하는 것으로 여겨진다.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.265-273
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 폐탄광 주변 산림의 복원을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 경북 문경지역에 위치한 폐탄광 중 4개의 광산을 대상으로 산림토양의 화학적 특성과 중금속 오염현황을 i.자한 결과를 보고한다 폐탄광지 산림토양의 pH는 $5.30\~6.76$의 범위에 있었으며, 대조구 지역의 토양 pH는 5.23이었다. 폐탄광지역의 산림토양 중 유기물과 전질소 함량은 각각 $4.46\~7.19\%,\;0.07\~0.15\%$의 범위에 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 평균 유효인산 함량은 삼창탄광 6.54, 봉명탄광 6.52, 갑정탄광 3.94, 단봉탄광 5.45 그리고 대조구 5.25mg/kg으로 토양 pH와 정의 상관을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 폐탄광지역의 치환성양이온 평균 함량은 Ca 196.1, Mg 88.7, K 88.2 그리고 Na $10.2cmol^+/kg$로 나타났으며, 그 범위는 Ca $132.1\~242.1,\;Mg 24.2\~138.6,\;K 64.9\~120.8$ 그리고 Na $8\~12.2cmol^+/kg$에 있는 것으로 조사되었다 대조구 지역의 Ca, Mg, K, Na의 평균 함량은 각각 192.8, 95.8, 104 and $21.2 cmol^+/kg$로 조사되었다. 폐탄광지 산림토양의 중금속(Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn) 함량은 대조구 산림토양보다 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 특히, Al, Mn 그리고 Pb의 함량은 대조구에 비해 폐탄광지가 아주 높은 것으로 나타났다. 폐탄광지 산림토양의 Al함량은 $397\~917 ppm$으로 나타나 식물생육에 영향을 미칠 수 있을 것으로 추정된다 그러므로 과거 석탄채굴이 활발하게 이루어졌던 폐탄광지에 대해서는 환경문제를 최소화하기 위하여 산림토양을 대상으로 한 적절한 관리가 필요할 것으로 추정된다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.304-312
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• 2015

In this study, we tried to determine the vertical variation of sediment structure and geochemical characteristics, core sediment was collected in the Nakdong River midstream on August, 2014. Core sediment mainly composed of sand (51.48%) and silt (46.21%) and coarsing upward changed from sM to mS facies. IL and TOC were decreased from lower to upper layer. C/N ratio was lower than 10 so the organic matters were originated from underwater creatures and C/S ratio was decreased from lower to upper layer. Heavy metal (Al, Fe, Zn, Cr, Pb, Ni, Cu, Cd) content were decreased from lower to upper layer and seriously polluted condition is not. These results are thought to be due to the effect of natural and anthropogenic in the fluctuation of flow.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.611-631
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• 1999

Enviromental geochemisty and heary metal contamination at the Kongjueil mine creek were underaken on the basis of physicohemical properties and mineralogy for various kinds of water (surface, mine and ground water),soil, precipitate and sediment collected of April and December in 1998. Hydrgeochemical composition of the water samples are characterized by relatively significant enricant of Ca+Na, alkiali ions $NO_3$ and Cl inground and surfore water, wheras the mine waters are relatively eneripheral water of the mining creek have the characteristics of the (Ca+Mg)-$(HCO_3+SO_4)$type. The pH of the mine water is high acidity (3.24)and high EC (613$\mu$S/cm)compared with those of surface and ground water. The range of $\delta$D and $\delta^{18}O$ values (relative to SMOW) in the waters are shpwn in -50.2 to -61.6% and -7.0 to -8.6$\textperthousand$(d value=5.8 to 8.7). Using computer program, saturation index of albite, calcite, dolomite in mine water are nearly saturated. The gibbiste, kaolinite and smectite are superaturated in the surface and ground water, respectively. Calculated water-mineral reaction and stabilities suggest that weathing of silicate minerals may be stable kaolinite owing to the continuous water-rock reaction. Geochemical modeling showed that mostly toxic heavy metals may exist larfely in the from of metal-sulfate $(MSO_4\;^2)$and free metal $(M^{2+})$ in nmine water. These metals in the ground and surface water could be formed of $CO_3$ and OH complex ions. The average enrichment indices of water samples are 2.72 of the groundwater, 2.26 of the surface water and 14.15 of the acid mine water, normalizing by surface water composition at the non-mining creek, repectively. Characteristics of some major, minor and rate earth elements (Al/Na, K/Na, V/Ni, Cr/V, Ni/Co, La/Ce, Th/Yb, $La_N/Yb_N$, Co/Th, La/Sc and Sc/Th) in soil and sediment are revealed a narrow range and homogeneous compositions may be explained by acidic to intermediate igneous rocks. And these suggested that sediment source of host granitic gneiss colud be due to rocks of high grade metamorphism originated by sedimentary rocks. Maximum concentrations of environmentally toxic elements in sediment and soil are Fe=53.80 wt.% As=660, Cd=4, Cr=175, Cu=158, Mn=1010, Pb=2933, Sb=4 and Zn=3740 ppm, and extremely high concentrations are found are found in the subsurface soil near the ore dump and precipitates. Normalizing by composition of host granitic gneiss, the average enerichment indices are 3.72 of the sediments, 3.48 of the soils, 10.40 of the precipitates of acid mine drainage and 6.25 of the soils near the main adit. The level of enerichment was very severe in mining drainage sediments, while it was not so great in the soils. mineral composition of soil and sediment near the mining area were partly variable being composed of quartz, mica, feldspar, chlorite, vermiculite, bethierin and clay minerals. reddish variable being composed of quartz, mica, feldspar, chlorite, vermiculite, bethierin and clay minerals. Reddish brown precipitation mineral in the acid mine drainage identifies by schwertmanite. From the separated mineralgy, soil and sediment are composed of some pyrite, arsenopyite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, galena, malachite, goethite and various kinds of hydroxied minerals.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.713-726
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• 2007

대봉광상은 선캠브리아기 경기육괴의 호상편마암 또는 화강편마암내에 발달된 단층($N10{\sim}20^{\circ}W,\;40{\sim}60^{\circ}SW$)을 따라 충진한 중열수 함금-은 괴상 석영맥광상이다. 이 광상의 광화작용은 여러번의 단열작용에 의해 형성된 괴상 백색 석영맥(광화I시기)과 투명 석영맥(광화II시기)으로 구성된다. 광화I시기의 열수작용에 의한 변질작용은 견운모화, 녹니석화, 탄산염화, 황철석화, 규화 및 점토화작용 등이 관찰되며, 견운모대는 석영맥과 접촉한 부분에서, 녹니석대는 석영맥으로부터 멀어짐에 따라 관찰된다. 견운모대의 모암변질광물은 대부분이 견운모 및 석영이며, 일부 일라이트, 탄산염광물, 녹염석으로 구성된다. 녹니석대의 모암변질광물은 주로 녹니석, 석영과 소량 견운모, 탄산염광물 및 녹염석으로 구성된다. 견운모의 Fe/(Fe+Mg) 값은 $0.36{\sim}0.59(0.51{\pm}0.10)$이며, 백운모-페차이트족에 해당되고 녹니석의 Fe/(Fe+Mg) 값은 $0.66{\sim}0.73(0.70{\pm}0.02)$이고 대부분 브룬스비자이트에 해당된다. 견운모와 녹니석에 대한 $Al_{IV}-Fe/(Fe+Mg)$의 다이어그램은 변질 시 같은 광종의 견운모와 녹니석의 형성온도를 나타내는 지시자로서 유용하다. 이것은 계산된 녹니석 단종의 활동도가 $a3(Fe_5Al_2Si_3O_{10}(OH){_6}:0.00964{\sim}0.0291,\;a2(Mg_5Al_2Si_3O_{10}(OH){_6}:9.99E-07{\sim}1.87E-05,\;a1(Mg_6Si_4O_{10}(OH){_6}:5.61E-07{\sim}1.79E-05$로서 대봉광상의 녹니석은 철이 풍부한 녹니석으로 비교적 고온($T>450^{\circ}C$)에서 모암과 평형상태에서 온도가 감소함에 따라 형성되었음을 알 수 있다. 모암변질시 $log\;{\alpha}K^+/{\alpha}H^+,\;log\;{\alpha}Na^+/{\alpha}H^+,\;log\;{\alpha}Ca^{2+}/{\alpha}^2H^+$ 값은 각각 $4.6(400^{\circ}C),\;4.1(350^{\circ}C),\;4.0(400^{\circ}C),\;4.2(350^{\circ}C),\;1.8(400^{\circ}C),\;4.5(350^{\circ}C)$이고 pH는 각각 $5.4{\sim}6.5(400^{\circ}C),\;5.1{\sim}5.5(350^{\circ}C)$로서 모암변질시 열수용액은 약산성이었음을 알 수 있다. 모암변질시 이득원소(부화원소)는 $K_2O,\;P_2O_5,\;Na2O$, Ba, Sr Cr, Sc, V, Pb, Zn, Be, Ag, As, Ta, Sb이며 특히 Sr, V, Pb, Zn, As, Sb등의 원소는 현저하게 증가하므로 중열수 및 천열수 금-은광상의 탐사에 지시원소로서 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.50-58
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• 2000

본 연구에서는 RDX가 함유된 HTPB/AP/Al 추진제내에 Ag선을 단선 삽입하여 RDX 함량(0~20%)에 따른 추진제 연소속도와 Ag선 0.15mm를 삽입하였을 때 금속선과 인접한 추진제의 연소속도($r_w$)의 변화를 살펴보았고, RDX 10%가 함유된 추진제를 대상으로 금속선 3종(Ag, Cu, Ni-Cr선)을 직경(0.1~0.6mm)별로 $r_w$/$r_{sb}$와 압력지수(n)의 변화를 고찰하였다. 금속선을 삽입한 RDX를 함유한 니트라민계 추진제의 경우 직경이 0.1 mm인 Ag선을 삽입하였을 때 연소속도 증가비가 압력 1000psia에서 5.94배로 RDX를 함유하지 않은 HTPB/AP추진제의 경우에 비해 약 16.4% 크게 나타났으며, 그 이유는 니트라민계 추진제의 자연발화온도가 상대적으로 낮기 때문이라 판단된다. 또한 금속선의 물리적 성질인 열확산 계수, 녹는점, 직경, 추진제의 열역학 특성치인 연소기체 불꽃온도, 추진제의 자연발화 온도와 연소속도가 $r_w$에 영향을 주는 인자로 고려하여 무차원해석에 의한 실험식을 도출한 결과($r_{wc}$-$r_{we}$)/$r_{we}$ 절대값의 표준편차는 6.11%로 기존의 3개의 무차원군을 사용한 경우의 표준편차보다 17.5% 작아짐을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제13권12호
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• pp.1049-1058
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• 2004

PM10 concentration of total 48 samples collected from 4 sites (the root of Miryang University, Sangnam township Office in Miryang. the root of Changwon elementary school, and Junam reservoir in Changwon) turned out to range from 42.29 to 69.49{\mu}g/m^{3}$, and the average concentration was the root of Changwon elementary school $(69.49{\mu}g/m^{3})$>the root of Miryang university $(58.59{\mu}g/m^{3})$>Junam reservoir $(43.56{\mu}g/m^{3})$>Sangnam township Office $(42.29{\mu}g/m^{3}).> In particular, Junam reservoir, the Clean Area, had a slightly higher value than Sangnam township Office. It was thought although the site was plane and windy without pollutants around. it had a higher concentration value influenced by external factors including bigger population and a northeasterly wind due to a newly-established industrial complex nearby. As for water-soluble ions among PM10 particle collected in Miryang and Changwon area, SO42- accounted for $50{/%}$ and NO3-, was $35{\%}$, and the concentration order was S042->N03->Cl->F-. As for the average concentration of metallic components among PM10 particle collected in Miryang and Changwon area. the root of Changwon elementary school had the AI concentration, Fe concentration and Zn concentration 4 times, 3 times and 1.5 times that of Junam reservoir, respectively. The root of Miryang University had the AI concentration 2 times that of Sangnam township Office, and had Fe concentration and Zn concentration $1.2\~1.5$ times those of Sangnam township Office. When it comes to the relation between metallic elements and meteorological factors in Changwon area, the highest coefficient of correlation was between temperature and humidity with 0.92, and temperature and wind speed turned out in the reverse correlation. The coefficient of correlation between Al and Cr was as high as 0.78. Among metallic elements, the coefficient of correlation between Cu and Pb, Cd, Al were 0.84, 0.85, 0.79, respectively. It is thought that the high coefficient of correlation between Cu and Pb is ascribed to busy traffic and wind in the urban areas, Sammun-dong and Gagok-dong in Miryang. Meanwhile, the coefficients of correlation between Fe and Cu, Al, Zn, Cd, Pb were in the reverse correlation. These coefficients of correlation are attributed to the difference in pollutant sources, rather than difference in pollutant and non-pollutant.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.244-252
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• 2005

It is very interesting and important in the academic point of view and in practical use the hydrogen-induced phase separation(HIPS) which appears during hydrogen heat treatment. Since hydrogen can be removed very fast by pumping it out the hydrogen-induced new lattice phase which can not be obtained without hydrogen can be preserved as meta-stable state. In this study it has been investigated whether the HIPS appear in Pd-Al, Pd-Co, Pd-Cr, Pd-Ti, Pd-V and Pd-Zr alloys and discussed thermodynamic representation of the HIPS. The Pd alloys were arc-melted under argon atmosphere and remelted 4 or 5 times for homogenization. The alloys were annealed at 600$^{\circ}C$ under vacuum for 24 hrs and then subjected to pressure-composition isotherm measurements at 100$^{\circ}C$. The hydrogen heat treatment(HHT) of samples was carried out at 600$^{\circ}C$ under hydrogen pressure of 70 bar for 6 days and PC isotherms at 100$^{\circ}C$ were measured. By comparing the PC isotherms measured before and after HHT, occurrence of phase separation was determined. The experimental results showed that the HIPS appeared only in Pd-0.05Co alloy. For Pd-Co alloys with various composition the PC isotherms were measured. By adopting Park-Flanagan model for ternary thermodynamics the Gibbs free energy change for Pd-Co-H solid solution was calculated and subsequently with this the HIPS in Pd-Co alloy was explained fairly.